Multi-Effect Evaporation Coupled with MVR Heat Pump Thermal Integration Distillation for Separating Salt Containing Methanol Wastewater

Due to the high energy consumption for separation of salt containing methanol wastewater, in this work, the multi-effect evaporation coupled with mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) heat pump and thermal integration technologies were raised for the first time. The ELECNRTL thermodynamic model is used to simulate and optimize the evaporation rectification process. Energy consumption and total annual cost (TAC) are taken as objective functions. The results show that multi-effect evaporation coupled with conventional distillation process can save energy consumption and TAC by 44.12% and 39.14%. The multi-effect evaporation coupled with distillation process based on MVR heat pump technology can save energy consumption and TAC by 55.27% and 47.49%, which is super to three-effect evaporation coupled with conventional distillation process. The three-effect evaporation coupled with MVR heat integration process can save energy consumption and TAC by 81.32% and 58.55%, which is more economical than other processes. It can be clearly seen that three-effect evaporation coupled with MVR heat integration process is more competitive to deal with the salt containing methanol wastewater.

Arabidopsis ENOR3 regulates RNAi-mediated antiviral defense

Viruses can infect host plants to cause severe diseases and substantial agricultural loss, while plants have evolved RNA interference(RNAi) strategy to defend against viral infection. Despite enormous efforts, only a few host proteins in RNAi pathway were shown to mediate antiviral defense, including RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1(RDR1), RDR6, DICER-LIKE 2(DCL2) and DCL4. In this study, we carried out a genetic screen for antiviral factors of RNAi pathway in Arabidopsis rdr6 background via inoculation with a 2 bdeficient Cucumber Mosaic Virus(CMV-D2b). We identified a mutant susceptible to CMV-D2b, referred to as enhancer of rdr6(enor) 3-1 rdr6, and found that ENOR3 encodes a functionally unknown protein with high homology to the mammalian Non Imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman(NIPA) magnesium transporters. ENOR3 inhibits accumulation of CMV-D2b and acts additively with RDR1, RDR6, DCL2 and DCL4 in antiviral defense. These results uncover that ENOR3 is a key component in antiviral RNAi pathway, and provide new insights into antiviral immunity.

Correction to: Increasing targeting scope of adenosine base editors in mouse and rat embryos through fusion of TadA deaminase with Cas9 variants

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