The rapid development of 5G/6G and AI enables an environment of Internet of Everything(IoE)which can support millions of connected mobile devices and applications to operate smoothly at high speed and low delay.Howeve...The rapid development of 5G/6G and AI enables an environment of Internet of Everything(IoE)which can support millions of connected mobile devices and applications to operate smoothly at high speed and low delay.However,these massive devices will lead to explosive traffic growth,which in turn cause great burden for the data transmission and content delivery.This challenge can be eased by sinking some critical content from cloud to edge.In this case,how to determine the critical content,where to sink and how to access the content correctly and efficiently become new challenges.This work focuses on establishing a highly efficient content delivery framework in the IoE environment.In particular,the IoE environment is re-constructed as an end-edge-cloud collaborative system,in which the concept of digital twin is applied to promote the collaboration.Based on the digital asset obtained by digital twin from end users,a content popularity prediction scheme is firstly proposed to decide the critical content by using the Temporal Pattern Attention(TPA)enabled Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)model.Then,the prediction results are input for the proposed caching scheme to decide where to sink the critical content by using the Reinforce Learning(RL)technology.Finally,a collaborative routing scheme is proposed to determine the way to access the content with the objective of minimizing overhead.The experimental results indicate that the proposed schemes outperform the state-of-the-art benchmarks in terms of the caching hit rate,the average throughput,the successful content delivery rate and the average routing overhead.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Callicarpa nudiflora extract in streptozotoc-ininduced diabetic rats.Methods:The chemical constituents in Callicarpa nudiflora extract were identified by UPLCQ-TOF-MS.C...Objective:To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Callicarpa nudiflora extract in streptozotoc-ininduced diabetic rats.Methods:The chemical constituents in Callicarpa nudiflora extract were identified by UPLCQ-TOF-MS.Callicarpa nudiflora extract(0.15 and 0.3 g/kg)was orally administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 42 d.The effects of Callicarpa nudiflora extract on body weight,blood glucose,serum insulin,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C and HDL-C were investigated,and its effect on liver and pancreatic pathology was assessed by histopathological analysis.Moreover,the expression levels of adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK),glucose transporter type 4(GLUT4),phospho-AMPK/AMPK,and p-acetylcoA carboxylase(P-ACC)/ACC in the skeletal muscles and liver were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Results:A total of 34 compounds,including 8 iridoids,14 phenylpropanoids,and 12 flavonoids,were identified from Callicarpa nudiflora extract.Callicarpa nudiflora extract significantly reduced blood glucose and significantly restored all other biochemical parameters to near normal levels,including serum insulin,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C,and HDL-C.Callicarpa nudiflora extract improved insulin resistance and reversed the damage in the liver and pancreas caused by diabetes.Furthermore,Callicarpa nudiflora extract increased the expression levels of phospho-AMPK,GLUT4,P-ACC,and insulin receptor substrate-1 and decreased the expression level of PPAR r in diabetic rats.Conclusions:Callicarpa nudiflora extract improved oral glucose tolerance,lipid metabolism,insulin resistance,and reversed the diabetes-related damage in the liver and pancreas by activating the AMPK-ACC pathway.展开更多
A new SiC superjunction power MOSFET device using high-k insulator and p-type pillar with an integrated Schottky barrier diode(Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET)is proposed,and has been compared with the SiC high-k MOSFET(Hk MOSFET),S...A new SiC superjunction power MOSFET device using high-k insulator and p-type pillar with an integrated Schottky barrier diode(Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET)is proposed,and has been compared with the SiC high-k MOSFET(Hk MOSFET),SiC superjuction MOSFET(SJ MOSFET)and the conventional SiC MOSFET in this article.In the proposed SiC Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET,under the combined action of the p-type region and the Hk dielectric layer in the drift region,the concentration of the N-drift region and the current spreading layer can be increased to achieve an ultra-low specific on-resistance(Ron,sp).The integrated Schottky barrier diode(SBD)also greatly improves the reverse recovery performance of the device.TCAD simulation results indicate that the Ron,sp of the proposed SiC Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET is 0.67 mΩ·cm^(2)with a 2240 V breakdown voltage(BV),which is more than 72.4%,23%,5.6%lower than that of the conventional SiC MOSFET,Hk SiC MOSFET and SJ SiC MOSFET with the 1950,2220,and 2220V BV,respectively.The reverse recovery time and reverse recovery charge of the proposed MOSFET is 16 ns and18 nC,which are greatly reduced by more than 74%and 94%in comparison with those of all the conventional SiC MOSFET,Hk SiC MOSFET and SJ SiC MOSFET,due to the integrated SBD in the proposed MOSFET.And the trade-off relationship between the Ron,sp and the BV is also significantly improved compared with that of the conventional MOSFET,Hk MOSFET and SJ MOSFET as well as the MOSFETs in other previous literature,respectively.In addition,compared with conventional SJ SiC MOSFET,the proposed SiC MOSFET has better immunity to charge imbalance,which may bring great application prospects.展开更多
On January 18.the"Finest Cultural Gifts from China"Cultural and Tourism Trade Promotion Activity,guided and organized by the Department of Industry Development of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism,was succ...On January 18.the"Finest Cultural Gifts from China"Cultural and Tourism Trade Promotion Activity,guided and organized by the Department of Industry Development of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism,was successfully held at Shougang Park in Shjingshan District,Beijing.展开更多
1 Introduction and main contributions Various power-aware solutions have been proposed to address the alarming energy waste and consequent serious environmental issues since Gupta and Singh initiated the seminal study...1 Introduction and main contributions Various power-aware solutions have been proposed to address the alarming energy waste and consequent serious environmental issues since Gupta and Singh initiated the seminal study on green networking problem in 2003.Most of the researches concentrated their efforts on power-aware networking under the non-bundled link scenarios by leveraging the dynamic power management based Low Power Idle(LPI)policy which was defined and standardized in the IEEE 802.3az standard.However,in modern backbone networks,pairs of routers are typically connected,for each traffic direction,by multiple physical links that form one logical bundled link,which is the link aggregation technique defined and standardized in IEEE 802.1AX.展开更多
软件定义网络(software defined networking,SDN)作为一种新型的网络架构,将网络的控制平面与数据转发平面分离,实现了可编程化控制,为互联网提供了改善网络全局性能的新思路.虽然SDN具有全局视角优势,但在处理互联网海量数据时也存在...软件定义网络(software defined networking,SDN)作为一种新型的网络架构,将网络的控制平面与数据转发平面分离,实现了可编程化控制,为互联网提供了改善网络全局性能的新思路.虽然SDN具有全局视角优势,但在处理互联网海量数据时也存在性能瓶颈:频繁的层间通信会使控制器计算效率下降,海量的流表项数据使得交换机存储压力过大.为了进一步提升SDN的性能使其适应互联网的海量流量处理,本文提出了面向互联网的SDN流量多粒度处理机制,将SDN架构应用到互联网骨干网的流量处理中,分别从路由和调度两个方面设计并实现了流量多粒度处理机制.仿真结果表明:本文设计的流量多粒度处理机制能减少层间通信次数,减少下发流表项,维持负载均衡,提高了路由选取的正确性和有效性,提升了SDN性能,进而提升了处理互联网海量数据的能力.展开更多
To the Editor:Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major causes of end-stage renal failure.Progressive mesangial expansion in the glomerulus is widely recognized.More and more evidence shows that tubulointersti...To the Editor:Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major causes of end-stage renal failure.Progressive mesangial expansion in the glomerulus is widely recognized.More and more evidence shows that tubulointerstitial fibrosis is also regarded as a prominent feature of DKD,in which tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may play an important role.[1] During EMT,tubular epithelial cells lose their characteristic and produce high levels of myofibroblast makers such as α-smooth actin (α-SMA) which is the signature protein of EMT.[2]However,renal fibrogenesis is a complicated process in which the contribution of DKD is unknown.展开更多
In this work,we report that high catalytic performance of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)can be obtained through a synergistic effect of postsynthetic modification of MOF nanoparticles and liquid superwetting and conf...In this work,we report that high catalytic performance of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)can be obtained through a synergistic effect of postsynthetic modification of MOF nanoparticles and liquid superwetting and confinement in the MOF coating.Specifically,2-ureido-4[1H]pyrimidinone(UPy)functionalized polysiloxanes were covalently appended onto the UiO-66 nanoparticles via a postsynthetic approach,which were further anchored onto different porous films through multivalent hydrogen bonding of the UPy motifs.The hydrophobic MOF coating can preserve the porosity of the solid substrates,enable rapid liquid superwetting and confinement within the porous substrates.Using the Knoevenagel condensation as a modeled system,robust and highly catalytic performances of the MOF coating were observed on a range of aldehyde substrates.Gram-scale production of chromene,a pharmaceutical which is typically synthesized via expensive catalysis,was successfully demonstrated on the MOF coating with high yielding rates,demonstrating the great potential of the MOF coating in pharmaceutical synthesis.展开更多
Due to the rapid development of the Internet technology such as 5G/6G and artificial intelligence,more and more new network applications appear.Customers using these applications may have different individual demands ...Due to the rapid development of the Internet technology such as 5G/6G and artificial intelligence,more and more new network applications appear.Customers using these applications may have different individual demands and such a trend causes great challenges to the traditional integrated service and routing model.In order to satisfy the individual demands of customers,the service customization should be considered,during which the cost of Internet Service Provider(ISP)naturally increases.Hence,how to reach a balance between the customer satisfaction and the ISP profit becomes vitally important.Targeting at addressing this critical problem,this work proposes a service customization oriented reliable routing mechanism,which includes two modules,that is,the service customization module and the routing module.In particular,the former(i.e.,the service customization module)is responsible for classifying services by analyzing and processing the customer’s demands.After that,the IPv6 protocol is used to implement the service customization,since it naturally supports differentiated services via the extended header fields.The latter is responsible for transforming the customized services into specific routing policies.Specifically,the Nash equilibrium based economic model is firstly introduced to make a perfect balance between the user satisfaction and the ISP profits,which could finally produce a win-win solution.After that,based on the customized service policies,an optimized grey wolf algorithm is designed to establish the routing path,during which the routing reliability is formulated and calculated.Finally,the experiments are carried out and the proposed mechanism is evaluated.The results indicate that the proposed service customization and routing mechanism improves the routing reliability,user satisfaction and ISP satisfaction by about 8.42%,15.5%and 17.75%respectively compared with the classical open shortest path first algorithm and the function learning based algorithm.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2019YFB1802800the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62002055,62032013,61872073,62202247.
文摘The rapid development of 5G/6G and AI enables an environment of Internet of Everything(IoE)which can support millions of connected mobile devices and applications to operate smoothly at high speed and low delay.However,these massive devices will lead to explosive traffic growth,which in turn cause great burden for the data transmission and content delivery.This challenge can be eased by sinking some critical content from cloud to edge.In this case,how to determine the critical content,where to sink and how to access the content correctly and efficiently become new challenges.This work focuses on establishing a highly efficient content delivery framework in the IoE environment.In particular,the IoE environment is re-constructed as an end-edge-cloud collaborative system,in which the concept of digital twin is applied to promote the collaboration.Based on the digital asset obtained by digital twin from end users,a content popularity prediction scheme is firstly proposed to decide the critical content by using the Temporal Pattern Attention(TPA)enabled Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)model.Then,the prediction results are input for the proposed caching scheme to decide where to sink the critical content by using the Reinforce Learning(RL)technology.Finally,a collaborative routing scheme is proposed to determine the way to access the content with the objective of minimizing overhead.The experimental results indicate that the proposed schemes outperform the state-of-the-art benchmarks in terms of the caching hit rate,the average throughput,the successful content delivery rate and the average routing overhead.
基金supported by the Key Research&Development Plan of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2018228)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2016A030313034).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Callicarpa nudiflora extract in streptozotoc-ininduced diabetic rats.Methods:The chemical constituents in Callicarpa nudiflora extract were identified by UPLCQ-TOF-MS.Callicarpa nudiflora extract(0.15 and 0.3 g/kg)was orally administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 42 d.The effects of Callicarpa nudiflora extract on body weight,blood glucose,serum insulin,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C and HDL-C were investigated,and its effect on liver and pancreatic pathology was assessed by histopathological analysis.Moreover,the expression levels of adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK),glucose transporter type 4(GLUT4),phospho-AMPK/AMPK,and p-acetylcoA carboxylase(P-ACC)/ACC in the skeletal muscles and liver were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Results:A total of 34 compounds,including 8 iridoids,14 phenylpropanoids,and 12 flavonoids,were identified from Callicarpa nudiflora extract.Callicarpa nudiflora extract significantly reduced blood glucose and significantly restored all other biochemical parameters to near normal levels,including serum insulin,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C,and HDL-C.Callicarpa nudiflora extract improved insulin resistance and reversed the damage in the liver and pancreas caused by diabetes.Furthermore,Callicarpa nudiflora extract increased the expression levels of phospho-AMPK,GLUT4,P-ACC,and insulin receptor substrate-1 and decreased the expression level of PPAR r in diabetic rats.Conclusions:Callicarpa nudiflora extract improved oral glucose tolerance,lipid metabolism,insulin resistance,and reversed the diabetes-related damage in the liver and pancreas by activating the AMPK-ACC pathway.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61974015)Key R&D Project of Science and Technology Plan of the Sichuan province(Grant No.2021YFG0139)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices of China(Grant No.KFJJ201806)。
文摘A new SiC superjunction power MOSFET device using high-k insulator and p-type pillar with an integrated Schottky barrier diode(Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET)is proposed,and has been compared with the SiC high-k MOSFET(Hk MOSFET),SiC superjuction MOSFET(SJ MOSFET)and the conventional SiC MOSFET in this article.In the proposed SiC Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET,under the combined action of the p-type region and the Hk dielectric layer in the drift region,the concentration of the N-drift region and the current spreading layer can be increased to achieve an ultra-low specific on-resistance(Ron,sp).The integrated Schottky barrier diode(SBD)also greatly improves the reverse recovery performance of the device.TCAD simulation results indicate that the Ron,sp of the proposed SiC Hk-SJ-SBD MOSFET is 0.67 mΩ·cm^(2)with a 2240 V breakdown voltage(BV),which is more than 72.4%,23%,5.6%lower than that of the conventional SiC MOSFET,Hk SiC MOSFET and SJ SiC MOSFET with the 1950,2220,and 2220V BV,respectively.The reverse recovery time and reverse recovery charge of the proposed MOSFET is 16 ns and18 nC,which are greatly reduced by more than 74%and 94%in comparison with those of all the conventional SiC MOSFET,Hk SiC MOSFET and SJ SiC MOSFET,due to the integrated SBD in the proposed MOSFET.And the trade-off relationship between the Ron,sp and the BV is also significantly improved compared with that of the conventional MOSFET,Hk MOSFET and SJ MOSFET as well as the MOSFETs in other previous literature,respectively.In addition,compared with conventional SJ SiC MOSFET,the proposed SiC MOSFET has better immunity to charge imbalance,which may bring great application prospects.
文摘On January 18.the"Finest Cultural Gifts from China"Cultural and Tourism Trade Promotion Activity,guided and organized by the Department of Industry Development of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism,was successfully held at Shougang Park in Shjingshan District,Beijing.
基金supported by the 2021 High-Level Talents Scientific Research Start-Up Funding Project of West Anhui University(No.WGKQ2021054)the Natural Science Research Key Project of Anhui Educational Committee(No.2022AH051667)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62032013 and 92267206).
文摘1 Introduction and main contributions Various power-aware solutions have been proposed to address the alarming energy waste and consequent serious environmental issues since Gupta and Singh initiated the seminal study on green networking problem in 2003.Most of the researches concentrated their efforts on power-aware networking under the non-bundled link scenarios by leveraging the dynamic power management based Low Power Idle(LPI)policy which was defined and standardized in the IEEE 802.3az standard.However,in modern backbone networks,pairs of routers are typically connected,for each traffic direction,by multiple physical links that form one logical bundled link,which is the link aggregation technique defined and standardized in IEEE 802.1AX.
文摘软件定义网络(software defined networking,SDN)作为一种新型的网络架构,将网络的控制平面与数据转发平面分离,实现了可编程化控制,为互联网提供了改善网络全局性能的新思路.虽然SDN具有全局视角优势,但在处理互联网海量数据时也存在性能瓶颈:频繁的层间通信会使控制器计算效率下降,海量的流表项数据使得交换机存储压力过大.为了进一步提升SDN的性能使其适应互联网的海量流量处理,本文提出了面向互联网的SDN流量多粒度处理机制,将SDN架构应用到互联网骨干网的流量处理中,分别从路由和调度两个方面设计并实现了流量多粒度处理机制.仿真结果表明:本文设计的流量多粒度处理机制能减少层间通信次数,减少下发流表项,维持负载均衡,提高了路由选取的正确性和有效性,提升了SDN性能,进而提升了处理互联网海量数据的能力.
基金from the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2017CFB779)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042017kf0133).
文摘To the Editor:Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major causes of end-stage renal failure.Progressive mesangial expansion in the glomerulus is widely recognized.More and more evidence shows that tubulointerstitial fibrosis is also regarded as a prominent feature of DKD,in which tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may play an important role.[1] During EMT,tubular epithelial cells lose their characteristic and produce high levels of myofibroblast makers such as α-smooth actin (α-SMA) which is the signature protein of EMT.[2]However,renal fibrogenesis is a complicated process in which the contribution of DKD is unknown.
基金X.Y.acknowledges the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong(Nos.11305219 and 11307220)CityU Applied Research Grant(ARG,No.9667203)+2 种基金Shenzhen Basic Research Program(No.JCYJ20210324134009024)Z.X.acknowledges a Shenzhen-HKMacao Science and Technology Grant(type CNo.SGDX2020110309300301)from the Science,Technology,and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality.
文摘In this work,we report that high catalytic performance of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)can be obtained through a synergistic effect of postsynthetic modification of MOF nanoparticles and liquid superwetting and confinement in the MOF coating.Specifically,2-ureido-4[1H]pyrimidinone(UPy)functionalized polysiloxanes were covalently appended onto the UiO-66 nanoparticles via a postsynthetic approach,which were further anchored onto different porous films through multivalent hydrogen bonding of the UPy motifs.The hydrophobic MOF coating can preserve the porosity of the solid substrates,enable rapid liquid superwetting and confinement within the porous substrates.Using the Knoevenagel condensation as a modeled system,robust and highly catalytic performances of the MOF coating were observed on a range of aldehyde substrates.Gram-scale production of chromene,a pharmaceutical which is typically synthesized via expensive catalysis,was successfully demonstrated on the MOF coating with high yielding rates,demonstrating the great potential of the MOF coating in pharmaceutical synthesis.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2019YFB1802800the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.62032013,62002055 and 61872073+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2020M680972the Post-Doctoral Research Fund of Northeastern University of China under Grant No.20200103the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No.N2016012the CERNET Innovation Project of China under Grant No.NGII20190107.
文摘Due to the rapid development of the Internet technology such as 5G/6G and artificial intelligence,more and more new network applications appear.Customers using these applications may have different individual demands and such a trend causes great challenges to the traditional integrated service and routing model.In order to satisfy the individual demands of customers,the service customization should be considered,during which the cost of Internet Service Provider(ISP)naturally increases.Hence,how to reach a balance between the customer satisfaction and the ISP profit becomes vitally important.Targeting at addressing this critical problem,this work proposes a service customization oriented reliable routing mechanism,which includes two modules,that is,the service customization module and the routing module.In particular,the former(i.e.,the service customization module)is responsible for classifying services by analyzing and processing the customer’s demands.After that,the IPv6 protocol is used to implement the service customization,since it naturally supports differentiated services via the extended header fields.The latter is responsible for transforming the customized services into specific routing policies.Specifically,the Nash equilibrium based economic model is firstly introduced to make a perfect balance between the user satisfaction and the ISP profits,which could finally produce a win-win solution.After that,based on the customized service policies,an optimized grey wolf algorithm is designed to establish the routing path,during which the routing reliability is formulated and calculated.Finally,the experiments are carried out and the proposed mechanism is evaluated.The results indicate that the proposed service customization and routing mechanism improves the routing reliability,user satisfaction and ISP satisfaction by about 8.42%,15.5%and 17.75%respectively compared with the classical open shortest path first algorithm and the function learning based algorithm.
