Deformation coordination analysis of CC-RCC combined dam structures under dynamic loads

A combined dam structure using different concrete materials offers many practical benefits.There are several real-world cases where largevolume heterogeneous concrete materials have been used together.From the engineering design standpoint,it is crucial to understand the deformation coordination characteristics and mechanical properties of large-volume heterogeneous concrete,which affect dam safety and stability.In this study,a large dam facility was selected for a case study,and various design schemes of the combined dam structure were developed by changing the configurations of material zoning and material types for a given dam shape.Elastoplastic analysis of the damfoundation-reservoir system for six schemes was carried out under dynamic conditions,in which the concrete damaged plasticity(CDP)model,the Lagrangian finite element formulation,and a surface-to-surface contact model were utilized.To evaluate the mechanical properties of zoning interfaces and coordination characteristics,the vertical distribution of the first principal stress at the longitudinal joint was used as the critical index of deformation coordination control,and the overall deformation and damage characteristics of the dam were also investigated.Through a comparative study of the design schemes,an optimal scheme of the combined dam structure was identified:large-volume roller-compacted concrete(RCC)is recommended for the dam body upstream of the longitudinal joint,and high-volume fly ash conventional concrete(CC)for the dam body downstream of the longitudinal joint.This study provides engineers with a reference basis for combined dam structure design.

Pseudorabies virus manipulates mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 2 for viral replication

The pseudorabies virus(PRV)is identified as a double-helical DNA virus responsible for causing Aujeszky's disease,which results in considerable economic impacts globally.The enzyme tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 2(WARS2),a mitochondrial protein involved in protein synthesis,is recognized for its broad expression and vital role in the translation process.The findings of our study showed an increase in both mRNA and protein levels of WARS2 following PRV infection in both cell cultures and animal models.Suppressing WARS2 expression via RNA interference in PK-15 cells led to a reduction in PRV infection rates,whereas enhancing WARS2 expression resulted in increased infection rates.Furthermore,the activation of WARS2 in response to PRV was found to be reliant on the cGAS/STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathway and the interferon-alpha receptor-1,highlighting its regulation via the type I interferon signaling pathway.Further analysis revealed that reducing WARS2 levels hindered PRV's ability to promote protein and lipid synthesis.Our research provides novel evidence that WARS2 facilitates PRV infection through its management of protein and lipid levels,presenting new avenues for developing preventative and therapeutic measures against PRV infections.