In arid and semi-arid areas, salinity problems are common due to several factors. In Africa, salinity and alkalinity affect 24% of the continent’s arid and semi-arid areas and about 30% of the African population depe...In arid and semi-arid areas, salinity problems are common due to several factors. In Africa, salinity and alkalinity affect 24% of the continent’s arid and semi-arid areas and about 30% of the African population depends on these lands. This salinity is not without consequences for crops. The objective of this systematic review is to update research knowledge on the effects of salt stress on vegetables and consumers. To achieve this, several searches were conducted in four search engines and bibliographic databases of electronic scientific journals (PubMed, African Journal Online, Google scholar and Cochrane). The PICO-based research question for this synthesis was: In rats consuming mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt, does the consumption of mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt have an impact on the health of consumers? A total of 321 articles were available in the scientific journals explored, only three addressed the effect on nutritional aspects and none of them addressed the health effects of vegetables grown in the presence of salt. The results of these interventions revealed that salt stress altered the nutritional profile of the plants explored. This alteration was reflected in variations in vitamin and mineral content. Moreover, salt stress could also alter the number of fruits on the plants. This systematic review will therefore contribute to the implementation of research on the impact of the consumption of vegetables grown in the presence of salt on the health of consumers.展开更多
Thyroid dysfunction is frequent in pregnant women and is often associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcome. In the present work, thyroid function of pregnant women from Benin republic was s...Thyroid dysfunction is frequent in pregnant women and is often associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcome. In the present work, thyroid function of pregnant women from Benin republic was studied. Two hundred forty (240) pregnant women, without thyroid disease history, have been included in the study. A blood sample was drawn for measurement of TSH, free T3 and free T4 serum levels. From the first to the third trimester, plasma levels of free T3 and free T4 decreased when plasma levels of TSH increased. Using recommendations of the 2011 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, thyroid dysfunction was observed in 24.17% of subjects. Hypothyroidism was present in 22.50% of subjects with 19.17% of subclinical hypothyroidism, 0.83% of overt hypothyroidism and 2.50% of hypothyroxinemia and hyperthyroidism was observed in 1.67% of subjects. An increase from 15.52% to 28.07% was observed in the frequency of hypothyroidism from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. When an upper cut-off value of 4 mU/L was used for TSH, as recommended in the 2017 ATA guidelines, prevalence of thyroid disorders was 14.58% with 12.91% of hypothyroidism but no hypothyroidism was observed in women in the first trimester of pregnancy. A rise in hypothyroidism frequency was observed when pregnant women age increased. Hypothyroidism was very common in pregnant women in Benin. To allow accurate assessment of thyroid status in pregnant women in Benin, pregnancy specific range for plasma level of TSH and thyroid hormones should be established.展开更多
文摘In arid and semi-arid areas, salinity problems are common due to several factors. In Africa, salinity and alkalinity affect 24% of the continent’s arid and semi-arid areas and about 30% of the African population depends on these lands. This salinity is not without consequences for crops. The objective of this systematic review is to update research knowledge on the effects of salt stress on vegetables and consumers. To achieve this, several searches were conducted in four search engines and bibliographic databases of electronic scientific journals (PubMed, African Journal Online, Google scholar and Cochrane). The PICO-based research question for this synthesis was: In rats consuming mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt, does the consumption of mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt have an impact on the health of consumers? A total of 321 articles were available in the scientific journals explored, only three addressed the effect on nutritional aspects and none of them addressed the health effects of vegetables grown in the presence of salt. The results of these interventions revealed that salt stress altered the nutritional profile of the plants explored. This alteration was reflected in variations in vitamin and mineral content. Moreover, salt stress could also alter the number of fruits on the plants. This systematic review will therefore contribute to the implementation of research on the impact of the consumption of vegetables grown in the presence of salt on the health of consumers.
文摘Thyroid dysfunction is frequent in pregnant women and is often associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcome. In the present work, thyroid function of pregnant women from Benin republic was studied. Two hundred forty (240) pregnant women, without thyroid disease history, have been included in the study. A blood sample was drawn for measurement of TSH, free T3 and free T4 serum levels. From the first to the third trimester, plasma levels of free T3 and free T4 decreased when plasma levels of TSH increased. Using recommendations of the 2011 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, thyroid dysfunction was observed in 24.17% of subjects. Hypothyroidism was present in 22.50% of subjects with 19.17% of subclinical hypothyroidism, 0.83% of overt hypothyroidism and 2.50% of hypothyroxinemia and hyperthyroidism was observed in 1.67% of subjects. An increase from 15.52% to 28.07% was observed in the frequency of hypothyroidism from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. When an upper cut-off value of 4 mU/L was used for TSH, as recommended in the 2017 ATA guidelines, prevalence of thyroid disorders was 14.58% with 12.91% of hypothyroidism but no hypothyroidism was observed in women in the first trimester of pregnancy. A rise in hypothyroidism frequency was observed when pregnant women age increased. Hypothyroidism was very common in pregnant women in Benin. To allow accurate assessment of thyroid status in pregnant women in Benin, pregnancy specific range for plasma level of TSH and thyroid hormones should be established.
