China’s coalbed methane(CBM) industry is in an extremely important “climbing period” and “strategic opportunity period”,which can be generally characterized by “three low and one small”:low degree of exploratio...China’s coalbed methane(CBM) industry is in an extremely important “climbing period” and “strategic opportunity period”,which can be generally characterized by “three low and one small”:low degree of exploration and development,low adaptability of main technology,low return on investment and small development scale.Under the “carbon peak and neutrality” background,the development status of CBM industry is systematically combed.The resources,technology,management problems and reasons are analyzed.Strategies and countermeasures to accelerate the industrial development are put forward according to the factors such as efficient development of resources,major technical breakthrough,talent team training,policy formulation and implementation,return on investment and so on.The existing problems are as follows:(a) The overall occurrence conditions in China are complicated and the development is difficult compared with the other countries.(b) The research precision accuracy of CBM resource conditions is not enough.(c) The adaptability of technology is poor.(d) The management mode is not suitable.In view of these problems,this paper puts forward the “two steps” development strategy and the technical and management countermeasures of “five in one”.The corresponding “five in one” technology and management countermeasures are the formulation and implementation of relevant safeguard measures in accordance with the principle of collaborative innovation in five aspects:resources,technology,talents,policies and investment.Through the above measures,the dream and grand blueprint of CBM industry shall be realized.展开更多
With controllable size,biocompatibility,porosity,injectability,responsivity,diffusion time,reaction,separation,permeation,and release of molecular species,hydrogel microparticles achieve multiple advantages over bulk ...With controllable size,biocompatibility,porosity,injectability,responsivity,diffusion time,reaction,separation,permeation,and release of molecular species,hydrogel microparticles achieve multiple advantages over bulk hydrogels for specific biomedical procedures.Moreover,so far studies mostly concentrate on local responses of hydrogels to chemical and/or external stimuli,which significantly limit the scope of their applications.Tetherless micromotors are autonomous microdevices capable of converting local chemical energy or the energy of external fields into motive forces for self-propelled or externally powered/controlled motion.If hydrogels can be integrated with micromotors,their applicability can be significantly extended and can lead to fully controllable responsive chemomechanical biomicromachines.However,to achieve these challenging goals,biocompatibility,biodegradability,and motive mechanisms of hydrogel micromotors need to be simultaneously integrated.This review summarizes recent achievements in the field of micromotors and hydrogels and proposes next steps required for the development of hydrogel micromotors,which become increasingly important for in vivo and in vitro bioapplications.展开更多
Practical implementation of minimally invasive biomedical applications has been a long-sought goal for microrobots.In this field,most previous studies only demonstrate microrobots with locomotion ability or performing...Practical implementation of minimally invasive biomedical applications has been a long-sought goal for microrobots.In this field,most previous studies only demonstrate microrobots with locomotion ability or performing a single task,unable to be functionalized effectively.Here,we propose a biocompatible shape memory alloy helical microrobot with regulative structure transformation,making it possible to adjust its motion behavior and mechanical properties precisely.Especially,towards vascular occlusion problem,these microrobots reveal a fundamental solution strategy in the mechanical capability using shape memory effect.Such shape-transformable microrobots can not only manipulate thrust and torque by structure to enhance the unclogging efficiency as a microdriler but also utilize the high work energy to apply the expandable helical tail as a selfpropulsive stent.The strategy takes advantage of untethered manipulation to operate microsurgery without unnecessary damage.This study opens a route to functionalize microrobots via accurate tuning in structures,motions,and mechanical properties.展开更多
Since 20th century,the development of rocket science has put forward to the dream of humankind that one day we can reach other planets except for observing them through telescope.The rockets get rid of gravity by a po...Since 20th century,the development of rocket science has put forward to the dream of humankind that one day we can reach other planets except for observing them through telescope.The rockets get rid of gravity by a powerful engine,consuming chemical fuel to generate a vast thrust.Inspired by rockets and motors in macroscale,researchers on nanoscience and nanotechnology are able to construct engines which can carry and transport cargos展开更多
Three-dimensional (3D) functional devices have become an interesting topic meeting the challenge of device miniaturization and high integration in electron devices and microelectromechanical systems. Based on this exc...Three-dimensional (3D) functional devices have become an interesting topic meeting the challenge of device miniaturization and high integration in electron devices and microelectromechanical systems. Based on this exciting situation, origami in micro/nanoscale combining art and advanced science was widely utilized to transform two-dimensional (2D) sheets into 3D microstructures for various applications, such as micro-grippers [1](Fig. 1a).展开更多
基金the support from the National Science and Technology Major Project “Research on Key Technologies of Efficient Production and Drainage of Coalbed Methane”(No.2016ZX05042)the support from the Key and Applied Science and Technology Projects of Petro China Co.,Ltd.“Research on Formation Theory of Deep Coalbed Methane and Beneficial Development Technology”(Nos.2023ZZ18,2023ZZ1803,2023ZZ1804)。
文摘China’s coalbed methane(CBM) industry is in an extremely important “climbing period” and “strategic opportunity period”,which can be generally characterized by “three low and one small”:low degree of exploration and development,low adaptability of main technology,low return on investment and small development scale.Under the “carbon peak and neutrality” background,the development status of CBM industry is systematically combed.The resources,technology,management problems and reasons are analyzed.Strategies and countermeasures to accelerate the industrial development are put forward according to the factors such as efficient development of resources,major technical breakthrough,talent team training,policy formulation and implementation,return on investment and so on.The existing problems are as follows:(a) The overall occurrence conditions in China are complicated and the development is difficult compared with the other countries.(b) The research precision accuracy of CBM resource conditions is not enough.(c) The adaptability of technology is poor.(d) The management mode is not suitable.In view of these problems,this paper puts forward the “two steps” development strategy and the technical and management countermeasures of “five in one”.The corresponding “five in one” technology and management countermeasures are the formulation and implementation of relevant safeguard measures in accordance with the principle of collaborative innovation in five aspects:resources,technology,talents,policies and investment.Through the above measures,the dream and grand blueprint of CBM industry shall be realized.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51961145108)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(17JC1401700)the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(19XD1400600).
文摘With controllable size,biocompatibility,porosity,injectability,responsivity,diffusion time,reaction,separation,permeation,and release of molecular species,hydrogel microparticles achieve multiple advantages over bulk hydrogels for specific biomedical procedures.Moreover,so far studies mostly concentrate on local responses of hydrogels to chemical and/or external stimuli,which significantly limit the scope of their applications.Tetherless micromotors are autonomous microdevices capable of converting local chemical energy or the energy of external fields into motive forces for self-propelled or externally powered/controlled motion.If hydrogels can be integrated with micromotors,their applicability can be significantly extended and can lead to fully controllable responsive chemomechanical biomicromachines.However,to achieve these challenging goals,biocompatibility,biodegradability,and motive mechanisms of hydrogel micromotors need to be simultaneously integrated.This review summarizes recent achievements in the field of micromotors and hydrogels and proposes next steps required for the development of hydrogel micromotors,which become increasingly important for in vivo and in vitro bioapplications.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.51961145108,61975035,and 62005050)the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(no.19XD1400600)+1 种基金Cui thanks the support from Shanghai Sailing Program(no.21YF1401600)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(no.21ZR1403500).
文摘Practical implementation of minimally invasive biomedical applications has been a long-sought goal for microrobots.In this field,most previous studies only demonstrate microrobots with locomotion ability or performing a single task,unable to be functionalized effectively.Here,we propose a biocompatible shape memory alloy helical microrobot with regulative structure transformation,making it possible to adjust its motion behavior and mechanical properties precisely.Especially,towards vascular occlusion problem,these microrobots reveal a fundamental solution strategy in the mechanical capability using shape memory effect.Such shape-transformable microrobots can not only manipulate thrust and torque by structure to enhance the unclogging efficiency as a microdriler but also utilize the high work energy to apply the expandable helical tail as a selfpropulsive stent.The strategy takes advantage of untethered manipulation to operate microsurgery without unnecessary damage.This study opens a route to functionalize microrobots via accurate tuning in structures,motions,and mechanical properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51322201)the Changjiang Young Scholars Programme of China
文摘Since 20th century,the development of rocket science has put forward to the dream of humankind that one day we can reach other planets except for observing them through telescope.The rockets get rid of gravity by a powerful engine,consuming chemical fuel to generate a vast thrust.Inspired by rockets and motors in macroscale,researchers on nanoscience and nanotechnology are able to construct engines which can carry and transport cargos
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1632115,51711540298)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(17JC1401700)+1 种基金the Changjiang Young Scholars Program of Chinathe Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(19XD1400600)
文摘Three-dimensional (3D) functional devices have become an interesting topic meeting the challenge of device miniaturization and high integration in electron devices and microelectromechanical systems. Based on this exciting situation, origami in micro/nanoscale combining art and advanced science was widely utilized to transform two-dimensional (2D) sheets into 3D microstructures for various applications, such as micro-grippers [1](Fig. 1a).
