Stability of Nonlinear Feedback Shift Registers with Periodic Input

The stability of Non-Linear Feedback Shift Registers(NFSRs)plays an important role in the cryptographic security.Due to the complexity of nonlinear systems and the lack of efficient algebraic tools,the theorems related to the stability of NFSRs are still not well-developed.In this paper,we view the NFSR with periodic inputs as a Boolean control network.Based on the mathematical tool of semi-tensor product(STP),the Boolean network can be mapped into an algebraic form.Through these basic theories,we analyze the state space of non-autonomous NFSRs,and discuss the stability of an NFSR with periodic inputs of limited length or unlimited length.The simulation results are provided to prove the efficiency of the model.Based on these works,we can provide a method to analyze the stability of the NFSR with periodic input,including limited length and unlimited length.By this,we can efficiently reduce the computational complexity,and its efficiency is demonstrated by applying the theorem in simulations dealing with the stability of a non-autonomous NFSR.

Portable solar billboard

Public bulletin boards are widely used in various public places,but due to the large size of the billboards,it is not easy to carry,and the traditional billboards are integrated,when the billboards need to be transferred,the limited storage space of the vehicle needs to be occupied It is extremely inconvenient,and at night,the traditional bulletin boards need to install additional light sources to illuminate them,which greatly increases energy consumption.Based on this paper designed a new structure of the bulletin board,this structure can make the bulletin board when not in use completely folded up and easy to carry,and in use can be completely unfolded and in the bottom of the added retractable support leg structure can be placed anywhere,and according to the terrain or human will to adjust the height.A solar panel is placed on the top of the bulletin board,which can store solar energy during the day and supply energy to the LED lights on the top at night for lighting,which saves energy and is very environmentally friendly.

Nitrogen incorporated oxygen vacancy enriched MnCo_(2)O_(x)/BiVO_(4) photoanodes for efficient and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting

Oxygen vacancies in oxygen evolution cocatalysts(OECs)can significantly improve the photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting performance of photoanodes.However,OECs with abundant oxygen vacancies have a poor stability when exposing to the highly-oxidizing photogenerated holes.Herein,we partly fill oxygen vacancies in a MnCo_(2)O_(x) OEC with N atoms by a combined electrodeposition and sol-gel method,which dramatically improves both photocurrent density and stability of a BiVO_(4) photoanode.The optimized N filled oxygen vacancy-rich MnCo_(2)O_(x)/BiVO_(4) photoanode(3 at.%of N)exhibits an outstanding photocurrent density of 6.5 mA·cm^(-2) at 1.23 VRHE under AM 1.5 G illumination(100 mW·cm^(-2)),and an excellent stability of over 150 h.Systematic characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that N atoms stabilize the defect structure and modulate the surface electron distribution,which significantly enhances the stability and further increases the photocurrent density.Meanwhile,other heteroatoms such as carbon,phosphorus,and sulfur are confirmed to have similar effects on improving PEC water splitting performance of photoanodes.

ROS-responsive biomimetic nanoparticles for potential application in targeted anti-atherosclerosis

The development of nanomedicines provides new opportunities for the treatment of atherosclerosis(AS)due to their great advantages such as the improved drug solubility,enhanced bioavailability and reduced side effects.Despite these advantages,nanomedicines are still facing some challenges.The problems remain in the short circulation life,lack of specific targeting and poor drug release controllability.In order to overcome the shortages of conventional nanomedicines,the combination of biomimetic strategy with smart nanoagents has been proposed.In light with the high reactive oxygen species(ROS)level in AS microenvironment and the fact that macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AS,we fabricated ROS-responsive biomimetic nanoparticles(NPs),which camouflaged macrophage membrane(MM)on ROS-responsive NPs loaded with rapamycin(RNPs)for potential application in AS therapy.The resulting ROSresponsive biomimetic NPs(MM/RNPs)exhibited favorable hydrodynamic size with negative surface charge,retained the functional proteins from MM,and showed ROS-responsive drug release.Because of the biomimetic camouflaging on surface,MM/RNPs could effectively escape from macrophages uptake and target to inflammatory endothelial cells.Meanwhile,MM/RNPs could inhibit the proliferation of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in vitro.Furthermore,the MM-coated NPs were found to be nontoxic in both cytotoxicity assay and in vivo toxicity evaluation.Consequently,these results demonstrated that MM/RNPs could be a potential candidate of drug delivery system for safe and effective anti-AS applications.

Nanoporous MoO_(3−x)/BiVO_(4)photoanodes promoting charge separation for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Owing to the relatively short hole diffusion length,severe charge recombination in the bulk of bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4))is the key issue for photoelectrochemical water splitting.Herein,we design a nanoporous MoO_(3−x)/BiVO_(4)heterojunction photoanode to promote charge separation.The efficient electron transport properties of oxygen deficient MoO_(3−x)and the nanoporous structure are beneficial for charge separation,leading to a significantly enhanced PEC performance.The optimized MoO_(3−x)/BiVO_(4)heterojunction photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 5.07 mA·cm^(−2)for Na_(2)SO_(3)oxidation.By depositing FeOOH/NiOOH dual oxygen evolution cocatalysts to promote surface kinetics,a high photocurrent density of 4.81 mA·cm^(−2)can be achieved for PEC water splitting,exhibiting an excellent applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 1.57%.Moreover,stable overall water splitting is achieved under consecutive light illumination for 10 h.We provide a proof of concept for the design of efficient BiVO_(4)-based heterojunction photoanodes for stable PEC water splitting.

One-step supramolecular preorganization constructed crinkly graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic activity

Here we report a new one-step thermal polycondensation process to form crinkly graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets(CGCNNs)via supramolecular preorganization,using a mixture of urea and melamine as the starting material.Systematical studies reveal that the newly developed CGCNNs significantly strengthen the optical absorption,widen the bandgap,and increase the Hall mobility and carrier density compared to that of its bulk counterpart,regardless of the similar chemical composition and structure.As a result,the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate is improved by 7 times.Moreover,Na doping of CGCNNs can further promote its photocatalytic activity,leading to an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 250.9μmol h^(–1),which is approximately 10.5 times higher than its bulk counterpart.Moreover,an impressive apparent quantum efficiency of 19.12%is achieved at 420 nm.This study provides a facile strategy for the design of efficient low-cost carbon-nitride-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production.

All-solid-state carbon-nanotube-fiber-based finger-muscle and robotic gripper

Carbon nanotube fibers(CNTFs)have many desirable properties such as lightweight,high strength,high conductivity,and long lifetimes.Coiled CNTF is an ideal material for preparing electrochemically driven artificial muscles.While previous studies focused mainly on the actuation performance of artificial muscles made of CNTF,this study focuses on an actuator that mimics human finger movements(flexion).More specifically,the preparation of CNTF muscles were optimized by twisting with weight.Then,actuators are designed and assembled by combining all-solid-state CNTF muscles with polypropylene(PP)sheets.Moreover,a dualelectrode system,which is infiltrated by a gel electrolyte,is built into the muscle actuator.In addition,a robotic gripper is fabricated,which uses these actuators.This study can help improve the design of CNTF-based muscle-actuators and future applications in robotics.