CHALLENGES TO EXiSTING LEGAL SCHEMES Over the last 40 years or so,a complex web of international legal agreements was developed that regulate the access,transfer,and use of plant genetic resources.These include the Co...CHALLENGES TO EXiSTING LEGAL SCHEMES Over the last 40 years or so,a complex web of international legal agreements was developed that regulate the access,transfer,and use of plant genetic resources.These include the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),the Nagoya Protocol,and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources(Figure 1).展开更多
Over the past 70 years,the world has witnessed extraordinary growth in crop productivity,enabled by a suite of technological advances,including higher yielding crop varieties,improved farm management,synthetic agroche...Over the past 70 years,the world has witnessed extraordinary growth in crop productivity,enabled by a suite of technological advances,including higher yielding crop varieties,improved farm management,synthetic agrochemicals,and agricultural mechanization.While this"Green Revolution"intensified crop production,and is credited with reducing famine and malnutrition,its benefits were accompanied by several undesirable collateral effects(Pingali,2012).These include a narrowing of agricultural biodiversity,stemming from increased monoculture and greater reliance on a smaller number of crops and crop varieties for the majority of our calories.This reduction in diversity has created vulnerabilities to pest and disease epidemics,climate variation,and ultimately to human health(Harlan,1972).展开更多
文摘CHALLENGES TO EXiSTING LEGAL SCHEMES Over the last 40 years or so,a complex web of international legal agreements was developed that regulate the access,transfer,and use of plant genetic resources.These include the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),the Nagoya Protocol,and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources(Figure 1).
文摘Over the past 70 years,the world has witnessed extraordinary growth in crop productivity,enabled by a suite of technological advances,including higher yielding crop varieties,improved farm management,synthetic agrochemicals,and agricultural mechanization.While this"Green Revolution"intensified crop production,and is credited with reducing famine and malnutrition,its benefits were accompanied by several undesirable collateral effects(Pingali,2012).These include a narrowing of agricultural biodiversity,stemming from increased monoculture and greater reliance on a smaller number of crops and crop varieties for the majority of our calories.This reduction in diversity has created vulnerabilities to pest and disease epidemics,climate variation,and ultimately to human health(Harlan,1972).
