Although the distribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has a wide regional variation, it is more common in Africa and Asia with high prevalence approaching 100% in some communities. CMV is a frequent opportunist...Although the distribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has a wide regional variation, it is more common in Africa and Asia with high prevalence approaching 100% in some communities. CMV is a frequent opportunistic infection and major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV patients with severe immunosuppression. It can be contracted from body fluid, including saliva, urine, blood, cervical secretions, and semen. CMV seropositivity is considered the best laboratory measure of past infection. We determined the prevalence of CMV and the risk factors associated with its acquisition in a population of HIV positive patients. Anti-CMV IgG seroprevalence was 100% among HIV infected subjects and 98.6% among controls. Having multiple sexual partners and traditional practices were identified as risk factors associated with risk of contracting CMV infection.展开更多
Despite tremendous advances in the management of cardiovascular diseases and cardiac arrest, there is paucity of information regarding sudden cardiac death in sub-Saharan Africa. We present a two-year review of sudden...Despite tremendous advances in the management of cardiovascular diseases and cardiac arrest, there is paucity of information regarding sudden cardiac death in sub-Saharan Africa. We present a two-year review of sudden cardiac death cases among patients managed at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Patients admitted from January 2012 to December 2013 were prospectively followed-up and cases of sudden cardiac death identified. Diagnosis was based on records of events preceding death, direct interview of attending physician/nurses, and family members/eye witnesses for out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death. Causes of death were obtained from the death certificates for cases of in-hospital events. Three hundred and eighty eight (M:F = 1:1.3) patients with a mean age of 42.22 ± 19.30 years were admitted into the cardiac unit during the period, out of whom 56 (14.4%) died. Twenty three (41.1%) were classified as sudden cardiac death. The predominant etiology was ischemic cardiomyopathy (39.1%), followed by peripartum cardiomyopathy (21.7%) and dilated cardiomyopathy (17.4%). Rheumatic heart disease was diagnosed in 17.4%, while 4.3% had pulmonary hypertension. Nineteen (82.6%) of the subjects had congestive cardiac failure. Hypokalemia and hypocalcaemia were recorded in 2 (8.7%) patients who developed prolongation of the QT interval following commencement of diuretics. Chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted in 12 (52.1%) with a success rate of 8.3%. Sudden cardiac death is common among our patients admitted with cardiovascular diseases. The most common etiology is ischemic cardiomyopathy, followed by peripartum cardiomyopathy. Most of the victims were young, and there were no optimum resuscitative measures.展开更多
文摘Although the distribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has a wide regional variation, it is more common in Africa and Asia with high prevalence approaching 100% in some communities. CMV is a frequent opportunistic infection and major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV patients with severe immunosuppression. It can be contracted from body fluid, including saliva, urine, blood, cervical secretions, and semen. CMV seropositivity is considered the best laboratory measure of past infection. We determined the prevalence of CMV and the risk factors associated with its acquisition in a population of HIV positive patients. Anti-CMV IgG seroprevalence was 100% among HIV infected subjects and 98.6% among controls. Having multiple sexual partners and traditional practices were identified as risk factors associated with risk of contracting CMV infection.
文摘Despite tremendous advances in the management of cardiovascular diseases and cardiac arrest, there is paucity of information regarding sudden cardiac death in sub-Saharan Africa. We present a two-year review of sudden cardiac death cases among patients managed at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Patients admitted from January 2012 to December 2013 were prospectively followed-up and cases of sudden cardiac death identified. Diagnosis was based on records of events preceding death, direct interview of attending physician/nurses, and family members/eye witnesses for out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death. Causes of death were obtained from the death certificates for cases of in-hospital events. Three hundred and eighty eight (M:F = 1:1.3) patients with a mean age of 42.22 ± 19.30 years were admitted into the cardiac unit during the period, out of whom 56 (14.4%) died. Twenty three (41.1%) were classified as sudden cardiac death. The predominant etiology was ischemic cardiomyopathy (39.1%), followed by peripartum cardiomyopathy (21.7%) and dilated cardiomyopathy (17.4%). Rheumatic heart disease was diagnosed in 17.4%, while 4.3% had pulmonary hypertension. Nineteen (82.6%) of the subjects had congestive cardiac failure. Hypokalemia and hypocalcaemia were recorded in 2 (8.7%) patients who developed prolongation of the QT interval following commencement of diuretics. Chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted in 12 (52.1%) with a success rate of 8.3%. Sudden cardiac death is common among our patients admitted with cardiovascular diseases. The most common etiology is ischemic cardiomyopathy, followed by peripartum cardiomyopathy. Most of the victims were young, and there were no optimum resuscitative measures.
