Growth performance,oxidative stress and immune status of newly weaned pigs fed peroxidized lipids with or without supplemental vitamin E or polyphenols

Background:This study evaluated the use of dietary vitamin E and polyphenols on growth,immune and oxidative status of weaned pigs fed peroxidized lipids.A total of 192 piglets(21 days of age and body weight of 6.62±1.04 kg)were assigned within sex and weight blocks to a 2×3 factorial arrangement using 48 pens with 4 pigs per pen.Dietary treatments consisted of lipid peroxidation(6%edible soybean oil or 6%peroxidized soybean oil),and antioxidant supplementation(control diet containing 33 IU/kg DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate;control with 200 IU/kg additional dl-α-tocopheryl-acetate;or control with 400 mg/kg polyphenols).Pigs were fed in 2 phases for 14 and 21 days,respectively.Results:Peroxidation of oil for 12 days at 80°C with exposure to 50 L/min of air substantially increased peroxide values,anisidine value,hexanal,and 2,4-decadienal concentrations.Feeding peroxidized lipids decreased(P<0.001)body weight(23.16 vs.18.74 kg),daily gain(473 vs.346 g/d),daily feed intake(658 vs.535 g/d)and gain:feed ratio(719 vs.647 g/kg).Lipid peroxidation decreased serum vitamin E(P<0.001)and this decrease was larger on day 35(1.82 vs.0.81 mg/kg)than day 14(1.95 vs.1.38 mg/kg).Supplemental vitamin E,but not polyphenols,increased(P≤0.002)serum vitamin E by 84%and 22%for control and peroxidized diets,respectively(interaction,P=0.001).Serum malondialdehyde decreased(P<0.001)with peroxidation on day 14,but not day 35 and protein carbonyl increased(P<0.001)with peroxidation on day 35,but not day 14.Serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was not affected(P>0.05).Total antioxidant capacity decreased with peroxidation(P<0.001)and increased with vitamin E(P=0.065)and polyphenols(P=0.046)for the control oil diet only.Serum cytokine concentrations increased with feeding peroxidized lipids on day 35,but were not affected by antioxidant supplementation(P>0.05).Conclusion:Feeding peroxidized lipids negatively impacted growth performance and antioxidant capacity of nursery pigs.Supplementation of vitamin E and polyphenols improved total antioxidant capacity,especially in pigs fed control diets,but did not restore growth performance.