In this paper, a new finite element model (FEM) in consideration of regional stress field and an earthquake triggering factor C are proposed for studying earthquake triggering and stress field evolution in an earthqua...In this paper, a new finite element model (FEM) in consideration of regional stress field and an earthquake triggering factor C are proposed for studying earthquake triggering and stress field evolution in an earthquake sequence. The factor C is defined as a ratio between the shear stress and the frictional strength on a slip surface, and it can be used to tell if earthquake is triggered or not. The new FEM and the factor C are used to study the aftershock triggering of the 1976 Tangshan earthquake sequence. The results indicate that the effects of the stress field and the heterogeneity of the Tangshan earthquake fault zone on the aftershock triggering are very important. The aftershocks fallen in the earthquake triggering regions predicted by the new FEM are more than those fallen in the regions of ΔCFS≥ 0 predicted by seismic dislocation theory.展开更多
The rupture dimensions of earthquake faults are important parameters for characterizing earthquake ruptures and ground motions. Two key parameters to be determined are the rupture depth and dip angle of earthquake fau...The rupture dimensions of earthquake faults are important parameters for characterizing earthquake ruptures and ground motions. Two key parameters to be determined are the rupture depth and dip angle of earthquake faults. Dislocation theory in an elastic half space indicates that if a seismic rupture directly runs up to the ground surface, there exist zero points of horizontal strain in the surface deformation, which correspond to the rupture depths, except for pure strike-slip faults. In this study, we use numerical simulations to investigate the possibility of inferring rupture depths from zero-strain points for cases of buried faults and heterogeneous media. The results show that the correspondence of zero-strain points to the rupture depths can be influenced by the heterogeneity of the underground media and the stress field. For buried faults, the correspondence relationship is approximately valid when the fault depth is <1 km. In addition, the range of earthquake fault dip angles can be estimated by horizontal displacements on the ground. We also study how to determine the rupture depths of faults from InSAR data after large earthquakes, and successfully apply the method to the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The method proposed here, which determines the parameters of fault geometry according to surface deformation, is simple and easy to perform. With independent of aftershocks, it can provide valuable constraints to kinematic inversions.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40474013 and 40821062)
文摘In this paper, a new finite element model (FEM) in consideration of regional stress field and an earthquake triggering factor C are proposed for studying earthquake triggering and stress field evolution in an earthquake sequence. The factor C is defined as a ratio between the shear stress and the frictional strength on a slip surface, and it can be used to tell if earthquake is triggered or not. The new FEM and the factor C are used to study the aftershock triggering of the 1976 Tangshan earthquake sequence. The results indicate that the effects of the stress field and the heterogeneity of the Tangshan earthquake fault zone on the aftershock triggering are very important. The aftershocks fallen in the earthquake triggering regions predicted by the new FEM are more than those fallen in the regions of ΔCFS≥ 0 predicted by seismic dislocation theory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41074070, 41174035)the SinoProbe Program (Grant No. SinoProbe-08-01)
文摘The rupture dimensions of earthquake faults are important parameters for characterizing earthquake ruptures and ground motions. Two key parameters to be determined are the rupture depth and dip angle of earthquake faults. Dislocation theory in an elastic half space indicates that if a seismic rupture directly runs up to the ground surface, there exist zero points of horizontal strain in the surface deformation, which correspond to the rupture depths, except for pure strike-slip faults. In this study, we use numerical simulations to investigate the possibility of inferring rupture depths from zero-strain points for cases of buried faults and heterogeneous media. The results show that the correspondence of zero-strain points to the rupture depths can be influenced by the heterogeneity of the underground media and the stress field. For buried faults, the correspondence relationship is approximately valid when the fault depth is <1 km. In addition, the range of earthquake fault dip angles can be estimated by horizontal displacements on the ground. We also study how to determine the rupture depths of faults from InSAR data after large earthquakes, and successfully apply the method to the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The method proposed here, which determines the parameters of fault geometry according to surface deformation, is simple and easy to perform. With independent of aftershocks, it can provide valuable constraints to kinematic inversions.
