锚索框架梁加固平面滑动型边坡地震动力响应

设计并完成了一个缩尺比例为1:20的锚索框架梁加固平面滑动型边坡的振动台试验,通过改变输入地震波类型和峰值,研究了边坡体及支护结构的动力响应特性。试验结果表明:锚固边坡体的整体稳定性较好,地震造成的破坏主要为滑体顶部震碎和无约束坡面岩土体剥蚀、掉块;地震波在经过软弱夹层时存在能量聚集效应,不同地震波下滑体重心处加速度放大系数的差异性随输入地震波峰值的增加而减小;锚索在地震时表现出协同工作的特性,预应力损失最先发生在坡顶,然后向坡体中下部转移;在锚索框架梁的抗震设计时,应考虑边坡体上部的加速度放大效应和锚索预应力损失对边坡整体稳定性的影响。试验结果为合理考虑预应力锚索框架梁的抗震设计提供有益的参考。

Seismic responses of the steel-strip reinforced soil retaining wall with full-height rigid facing from shaking table test

To investigate the seismic response of the steel-strip reinforced soil retaining wall with fullheight rigid facing in terms of the acceleration in the backfill, dynamic earth pressure in the backfill, the displacements on the facing and the dynamic reinforcement strain distribution under different peak acceleration, a large 1-g shaking table test was performed on a reduced-scale reinforced-earth retaining wall model. It was observed that the acceleration response in non-strip region is greater than that in potential fracture region which is similar with the stability region under small earthquake,while the acceleration response in potential fracture region is greater than that in stability region in middle-upper of the wall under moderately strong earthquakes. The potential failure model of the rigid wall is rotating around the wall toe. It also was discovered that the Fourier spectra produced by the inputting white noises after seismic wave presents double peaks, rather than original single peak, and the frequency of the second peak trends to increase with increasing the PGA(peak ground amplitude) of the excitation which is greater than 0.4 g. Additionally,the non-liner distribution of strip strain along the strips was observed, and the distribution trend was not constant in different row. Soil pressure peak value in stability region is larger than that in potential fracture region. The wall was effective under 0.1 g-0.3 g seismic wave according to the analyses of the facing displacement and relative density. Also, it was discovered that the potential failure surface is corresponds to that in design code, but the area is larger. The results from the study can provide guidance for a more rational design of reinforced earth retaining walls with full-height rigid facing in the earthquake zone.

Shaking table test of seismic responses of anchor cable and lattice beam reinforced slope

As a combined supporting structure,the anchor cable and lattice beam have a complex interaction with the slope body.In order to investigate the seismic behaviors of the slope reinforced by anchor cable and lattice beam,a largescale shaking table test was carried out on a slope model(geometric scale of 1:20)by applying recorded and artificial seismic waves with different amplitudes.The acceleration and displacement of the slope,the displacement of lattice beam and the axial force of anchor cable were obtained to study the interaction between the slope and the supporting structure.The test results show that:(1)the acceleration responses of the slope at different relative elevations display obvious nonlinear characteristics with increasing of the peak ground acceleration(PGA)of the inputted seismic waves,and the weak intercalated layer has a stronger effect on acceleration amplification at the upper part of the slope than that at the lower part of the slope;(2)the frequency component near the second dominant frequency is significantly magnified by the interaction between the slope and the supporting structure;(3)the anchor cables at the upper part of the slope have larger peak and residual axial forces than that at the lower part of the slope,and the prestress loss of the anchor cable first occurs at the top of the slope and then passes down;(4)the peak and residual displacements inside the slope and on the lattice beam increase with the increase of relative elevation.When the inputted PGA is not greater than 0.5 g,the combined effect of anchor cable and lattice beam is remarkable for stabilizing the middle and lower parts of the potential sliding body.The research results can provide a reference for the seismic design of such slope and the optimization of supporting structure.

An isolated similarity design method for shaking table tests on reinforced slopes

Physical model test is an effective way to unveil the dynamic response of a slope under seismic condition.The similarity design is the key of physical model test.An isolated similarity design method for shaking table tests was proposed and verified in this work.In this method,the relevant physical quantities were divided into several subsystems and subcharacteristic equations for each subsystem were then established based on the Buckingham similarity theory.Large-scale shaking table tests on a reinforced slope were adopted herein to illustrate the application of the proposed isolated similarity design method.The similarity system for the studied slope was divided into four parts in the process of similarity design.The geometrical dimension L,densityρand gravity g were selected as fundamental quantities for the similarity design,and four subcharacteristic equations were established for each subsystem.The dynamic responses of the recorded acceleration and axis force show that the seismic waves propagate well in the model slope.The proposed isolated similarity design method solves the conflict between the similarity requirement for all relevant physical quantities and the difficulty of test model fabrication to satisfy all similarity relations.