FGQ-600型潜孔锤钻头冲击应力作用下强度可靠性分析

潜孔锤反循环跟管钻头是破碎岩石的主要工具,同时是实现反循环钻进的重要部件之一,广泛应用于地质灾害防治工程中。钻头在钻进过程中承受交变的冲击载荷,易产生应力集中和疲劳破坏。活塞碰撞钻头后产生的应力波传播至钻头与岩石接触面后发生反射引起应力波叠加,使得钻头受力增加。为保证跟管钻头的正常工作,本文利用ABAQUS对不同冲击载荷下FGQ-600型大直径潜孔锤跟管钻头进行模拟及强度分析。结果表明:(1)钻头应力随冲击功增大而增加;(2)在潜孔锤2500 J的冲击功下,钻头体最大等效应力为808.9 MPa,小于材料屈服强度,满足强度要求;(3)起下钻时销轴应力随直径增大而减小,40 mm时销轴最大应力为383.66 MPa,低于材料屈服强度785 MPa,满足强度要求;(4)当销轴直径为16 mm时,销轴发生塑性变形,建议销轴直径≮20 mm。

Tooth arrangement design of retractable DTH hammer bit used for drilling while casing

Down-the-hole(DTH)hammer with casing while drilling(CWD)is a technology that has been proven to be able to alleviate many of the problems faced by complex formations.However,the drill bit is suffered from rapid wear,low drilling efficiency,and high energy consumption due to the unreasonable tooth arrangement and impact energy selection in drilling process,which affect the application effect of this technology.ABAQUS software was used for numerical simulation of rock breaking behavior under impact load with the single,three,and five teeth arrangement drill bit respectively,to improve the application effect and solve the aforementioned technical problems.Based on the calculated parameters of tooth arrangement,we designed a novel drill bit for hard rocks and provided a theoretical basis for the tooth arrangement of largediameter drill bits.

Reliability analysis of retractable drill bit with air reverse circulation used for drilling while casing

Casing-while-drilling(CWD)with down the hole(DTH)hammer drilling technology has been widely used in unconsolidated formations,due to its advantages in protecting the borehole wall,excellent rock cuttings capacity,and fast penetration rate in hard rock.As an important component of the CWD system,the structure of the retractable drill bit needs not only to ensure to form stronger reverse circulation,but also to be expandable or retractable as needed,otherwise the drill bit cannot be lift and put down smoothly in the casing,and may lead to drilling accidents.This paper developed a new type of reverse circulation DTH hammer drill bit used for CWD drilling technology.The retractable performance of this type of drill bit is studied using ADAMS software.The results show that it is smoothly expandable and retractable as designed under the conditions of the weight of the bit(WOB)of 0.5–2.0 t and the rotation speed of 30–60 r/min.To investigate the reverse circulation effect of the drill bit,Fluent software was used to simulate the flow characteristic inside it.The simulation results indicated that it can form strong reverse circulation,and the entrainment ratio h can reach 9.5%.

冰层回转钻进钻头切削具温度理论计算分析

极地冰盖底部暖冰层冰的脆性小而粘弹性大,且温度和压力较高,可钻性差。回转钻进时产生的切削热量极易使冰屑处于熔融或半融状态,致使冰屑相互聚结成团,甚至会在钻具局部位置再次冻结,导致孔内事故频发。为了解冰层回转钻进时切削具的温度变化规律,本文对切削具的受力特性和传热规律进行了理论研究,建立了钻井液循环条件下切削具温度计算理论模型,对切削具的温度变化及影响因素进行了深入分析。结果表明,回转速度、切削深度、冰与切削具间的摩擦系数、切削具刃前角及冰的抗剪强度等参数对切削温度均有重要影响,而低温钻井液虽有良好的冷却、降温效果,但仍可使切削具温度升温2~5℃,为暖冰层钻进带来不利影响,需深入优化钻进参数组合。

Viscosity testing method of ultra-low temperature drilling fluids for polar glacier drilling

According to the working environment of the polar glacier core drilling,a separatory funnel capillary viscometer which can be used for testing the viscosity of liquids under ultra-low temperature conditions was designed. This viscometer has a simple structure and it is easy to operate,which can meet the testing requirements of different temperature conditions.The viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil KF-96L-2.Ocs was measured under different temperatures using this designed viscometer,and it is found that the viscometer coefficient K changes linearly with temperature.This testing method has relatively high test accuracy and its relative error is less than 4%,which can be used to test the viscosity of the different liquids in ultra-low temperature conditions.

Improvements of drilling fluid processing for cable-suspended electromechanical drills

Deep ice drilling in Polar Regions plays a key role in paleo-climate, microbiological and glaciological researches. For deep ice and subglacial coring the special purpose-built electromechanical cable-suspended drills with bottom-hole circulation are designed and explored. Used at present drilling fluid circulation systems are specified by very high fluid wastes during processing. Measurements in deep drilling projects in Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets showed that 25%-40% of the drilling fluid, pumped into the hole, is retrieved to the surface with cable and drill, and up to 45% of retrieved fluid goes to waste. This leads not only to increasing of the fluid consumption and cost of the project in general but also to severe contamination of air, surface and near-surface snow-firn layers at the drilling site. In order to reduce wastes and environmental impact, it is proposed to modify drilling fluid processing system by avoiding of evaporation and leakages of fluid as far as practicable. Drilling fluid is prepared and pumped into the hole according to predetermined program on semiautomatic mode, and volume and density of blended and pumped into the hole drilling fluid are measured continuously. Components of the drilling fluid are stored and mixed in the special closed containers equipped by pressure relief valves. Separation of drilling fluid from ice cuttings is carried out by two steps: firstly, fluid is separated with hydro extractor and then with thermal separator. To reduce the amount of removed drilling fluid with cable special squeezing collar is installed on the borehole mouth. All these arrangements are able to decrease drilling fluid wastes in many times.

Study on drilling mechanism and optimization of percussion-extruding DTH hammer bit

The authors tested the percussion-extruding Down-the-hole(DTH)hammer bit with five different structures and mainly analyzed the drilling mechanism between conical bit and stepped bit.In addition,aiming at "the pile effect" in combination with the advantage of stepped bit,we design a new cam spinning bit and test it outdoors.The result shows that using cam spinning bit can solve the problem of "the pile effect",which can also obtain higher drilling efficiency than using conical bit in high confining pressure strata.It is characterized by novel structure and high drilling speed as well as good guiding,and it is significant for improving efficiency in percussion-extruding drilling technique.

工程教育专业认证背景下地质工程类课程思政系统化设计与实践

工程教育专业认证结合课程思政建设的教学实践,为工科专业高等教育的人才培养和改革方向提供了根本遵循,也从方法上回答了“培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人”的问题。吉林大学地质工程专业开展了系统化的课程思政建设工作,确定了符合学校定位的、可量化的人才培养目标,构建了专业核心价值体系。通过分析专业认证的核心思想及毕业要求与课程思政的关系,构建了合理的课程思政实施方案,在知识传授和能力培养中实现价值引领,真正发挥好课程育人的作用。