智慧医疗技术的发展让我们不满足仅使用传统方法做医学研究.针对中文电子病历实体识别问题,设计了一种基于卷积神经网络结合条件随机场(convolutional neural network-conditional random field,CNN-CRF)的实体识别算法框架.为得到高质...智慧医疗技术的发展让我们不满足仅使用传统方法做医学研究.针对中文电子病历实体识别问题,设计了一种基于卷积神经网络结合条件随机场(convolutional neural network-conditional random field,CNN-CRF)的实体识别算法框架.为得到高质量的词向量,将标注实体加入词典进行分词,并将已标注和未标注文本作为语料,用word2vec工具对已分词文本进行无监督学习;为避免扩张卷积层数增加导致过拟合,采用迭代扩张卷积处理输入向量,并使用dropout随机丢弃一些连接;运用条件随机场对网络的分类结果进行修正.把该方法在中文电子病历上进行对比试验,从病历中提取出身体部位,疾病,症状,检查及治疗5类实体.实验结果表明,该方法能有效地辨别病历中的实体,其识别的准确率、召回率和f1值分别为90.01%,90.62%,90.31%,准确率和速率比传统方法都有一定提高.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether aldo-keto reductases(AKRs)can act as a nitrore⁃ductase(NR)and bioactivate aristolochic acidⅠ(AA-Ⅰ)to produce AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts.METHODS①Human-induced hepatocytes(hiHeps)and human bla...OBJECTIVE To investigate whether aldo-keto reductases(AKRs)can act as a nitrore⁃ductase(NR)and bioactivate aristolochic acidⅠ(AA-Ⅰ)to produce AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts.METHODS①Human-induced hepatocytes(hiHeps)and human bladder RT4 cells were used as tool cells and treated with AA-Ⅰ0,0.5,1.0 and 2μmol·L^(-1)for 24 h.Cell viability was detected using the CCK-8 method,and the half maximal inhibition concentration(IC_(50))was calculated using the CCK-8 method and the level of DNA adduct production was calculated.②hiHeps and RT4 cells were treated with AKR inhibitor luteotin(0,5,10 and 25μmol·L^(-1))+AA-Ⅰ0.2 and 1.0μmol·L^(-1)for 24 h,respectively,and the levels of DNA adducts were detected by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS).③hiHeps cells were incubated with 80 nmol·L^(-1)small interfering RNAs(si-AKRs)for 48 h and treated with AA-Ⅰ1.0μmol·L^(-1)for 24 h.Real-time qualitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the mRNA expression of AKRs gene and LC-MS/MS technology was used to investigate the effect of specific AKR gene knockdown on DNA adduct levels.④500 nmol·L^(-1)human AKR recombinant proteins AKR1A1 and AA-Ⅰwere incubated in vitro under anaerobic conditions and the formation of AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts was detected.RESULTS①The IC_(50)of AA-Ⅰto hiHeps and RT4 cells was 1.9 and 0.42μmol·L^(-1),respec⁃tively.The level of DNA adduct production of the two cell lines was significantly different(P<0.01).②Luteolin≥5μmol·L^(-1)significantly inhibited the production of AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts in both cells(P<0.05),and there was a concentration-dependent effect in hiHeps cells(P<0.01,R=0.84).③In the AKR family,the knockdown of AKR1A1 gene up to 80%inhibited the generation of AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts by 30%-40%.④The AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts were detected in the incubation of recombinant protein AKR1A1 and AA-Ⅰunder anaerobic conditions in vitro,approximately 1 adduct per 107 nucleotides.CONCLU⁃SION AKR1A1 is involved in AA-Ⅰbioactivation,providing a reference for elucidation of the carcino⁃genic mechanism of AA-Ⅰ.展开更多
文摘智慧医疗技术的发展让我们不满足仅使用传统方法做医学研究.针对中文电子病历实体识别问题,设计了一种基于卷积神经网络结合条件随机场(convolutional neural network-conditional random field,CNN-CRF)的实体识别算法框架.为得到高质量的词向量,将标注实体加入词典进行分词,并将已标注和未标注文本作为语料,用word2vec工具对已分词文本进行无监督学习;为避免扩张卷积层数增加导致过拟合,采用迭代扩张卷积处理输入向量,并使用dropout随机丢弃一些连接;运用条件随机场对网络的分类结果进行修正.把该方法在中文电子病历上进行对比试验,从病历中提取出身体部位,疾病,症状,检查及治疗5类实体.实验结果表明,该方法能有效地辨别病历中的实体,其识别的准确率、召回率和f1值分别为90.01%,90.62%,90.31%,准确率和速率比传统方法都有一定提高.
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate whether aldo-keto reductases(AKRs)can act as a nitrore⁃ductase(NR)and bioactivate aristolochic acidⅠ(AA-Ⅰ)to produce AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts.METHODS①Human-induced hepatocytes(hiHeps)and human bladder RT4 cells were used as tool cells and treated with AA-Ⅰ0,0.5,1.0 and 2μmol·L^(-1)for 24 h.Cell viability was detected using the CCK-8 method,and the half maximal inhibition concentration(IC_(50))was calculated using the CCK-8 method and the level of DNA adduct production was calculated.②hiHeps and RT4 cells were treated with AKR inhibitor luteotin(0,5,10 and 25μmol·L^(-1))+AA-Ⅰ0.2 and 1.0μmol·L^(-1)for 24 h,respectively,and the levels of DNA adducts were detected by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS).③hiHeps cells were incubated with 80 nmol·L^(-1)small interfering RNAs(si-AKRs)for 48 h and treated with AA-Ⅰ1.0μmol·L^(-1)for 24 h.Real-time qualitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the mRNA expression of AKRs gene and LC-MS/MS technology was used to investigate the effect of specific AKR gene knockdown on DNA adduct levels.④500 nmol·L^(-1)human AKR recombinant proteins AKR1A1 and AA-Ⅰwere incubated in vitro under anaerobic conditions and the formation of AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts was detected.RESULTS①The IC_(50)of AA-Ⅰto hiHeps and RT4 cells was 1.9 and 0.42μmol·L^(-1),respec⁃tively.The level of DNA adduct production of the two cell lines was significantly different(P<0.01).②Luteolin≥5μmol·L^(-1)significantly inhibited the production of AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts in both cells(P<0.05),and there was a concentration-dependent effect in hiHeps cells(P<0.01,R=0.84).③In the AKR family,the knockdown of AKR1A1 gene up to 80%inhibited the generation of AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts by 30%-40%.④The AA-Ⅰ-DNA adducts were detected in the incubation of recombinant protein AKR1A1 and AA-Ⅰunder anaerobic conditions in vitro,approximately 1 adduct per 107 nucleotides.CONCLU⁃SION AKR1A1 is involved in AA-Ⅰbioactivation,providing a reference for elucidation of the carcino⁃genic mechanism of AA-Ⅰ.
