针对带有禁飞区的高超声速飞行器再入制导问题,基于改进人工势场法(artificial potential field method,APFM)提出一种再入制导方法。在纵向上,将动压、过载、热流过程约束视为“虚拟障碍”,将终端高度、速度视为“虚拟目标点”进行纵...针对带有禁飞区的高超声速飞行器再入制导问题,基于改进人工势场法(artificial potential field method,APFM)提出一种再入制导方法。在纵向上,将动压、过载、热流过程约束视为“虚拟障碍”,将终端高度、速度视为“虚拟目标点”进行纵向轨迹设计。然后,改进纵向人工势场函数以适应跳跃式和平衡滑翔式再入两种弹道形式的轨迹设计。为了整体考虑禁飞区对三维轨迹的影响,设计双层预测-校正算法求解待调参数。仿真结果表明,所提出的改进APFM规划方法能够适应不同类型的禁飞区形状,相比现有方法可适应横程需求更大的目标点,参数调节简单,易于工程实现。展开更多
The critical issue in developing mature Oxy-Coal Combustion Steam System technology could be the reactivity of deminer-alized coal which,is closely related to its chemical structure.The chemical structures of Liupansh...The critical issue in developing mature Oxy-Coal Combustion Steam System technology could be the reactivity of deminer-alized coal which,is closely related to its chemical structure.The chemical structures of Liupanshui raw coal(LPS-R)and Liupanshui demineralized coal(LPS-D)were analyzed by FTIR and solid-state 13C-NMR.The pyrolysis experiments were carried out by TG,and the pyrolysis kinetics was analyzed by three iso-conversional methods.FTIR and 13C-NMR results suggested that the carbon structure of LPS coal was not altered greatly,while demineralization promoted the maturity of coal and the condensation degree of the aromatic ring,making the chemical structure of coal more stable.The oxygen-containing functional groups with low bond energy were reduced,and the ratio of aromatic carbon with high bond energy was increased,decreasing the pyrolysis reactivity.DTG curve-fitting results revealed that the thermal weight loss of LPS coal mainly came from the cleavage of aliphatic covalent bonds.By pyrolysis kinetics analysis of LPS-R and LPS-D,the apparent activation energies were 76±4 to 463±5 kJ/mol and 84±2 to 758±12 kJ/mol,respectively,under different conversion rates.The reactivity of the demineralized coal was inhibited to some extent,as the apparent activation energy of pyrolysis for LPS-D increased by acid treatment.展开更多
After the anti-collision facility construction of Wanzhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge, the conditions of navigation in bridge area are complex. In order to study the navigation conditions of the reach and layout opti...After the anti-collision facility construction of Wanzhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge, the conditions of navigation in bridge area are complex. In order to study the navigation conditions of the reach and layout optimization measures, ensuring the safety of the ship navigation test has been carried out on the ship model navigation in the bridge area. According to the requirements of the maximum safety limit of the ship model test, the paper puts forward the best route, the control method and the difficulty of navigation through the analysis of the test results, and finally gives the recommendations and suggestions.展开更多
文摘针对带有禁飞区的高超声速飞行器再入制导问题,基于改进人工势场法(artificial potential field method,APFM)提出一种再入制导方法。在纵向上,将动压、过载、热流过程约束视为“虚拟障碍”,将终端高度、速度视为“虚拟目标点”进行纵向轨迹设计。然后,改进纵向人工势场函数以适应跳跃式和平衡滑翔式再入两种弹道形式的轨迹设计。为了整体考虑禁飞区对三维轨迹的影响,设计双层预测-校正算法求解待调参数。仿真结果表明,所提出的改进APFM规划方法能够适应不同类型的禁飞区形状,相比现有方法可适应横程需求更大的目标点,参数调节简单,易于工程实现。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51536002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015QNA12)the Open Sharing Fund for the Large-scale Instruments and Equipments of China University of Mining and Technology (CUMT).
文摘The critical issue in developing mature Oxy-Coal Combustion Steam System technology could be the reactivity of deminer-alized coal which,is closely related to its chemical structure.The chemical structures of Liupanshui raw coal(LPS-R)and Liupanshui demineralized coal(LPS-D)were analyzed by FTIR and solid-state 13C-NMR.The pyrolysis experiments were carried out by TG,and the pyrolysis kinetics was analyzed by three iso-conversional methods.FTIR and 13C-NMR results suggested that the carbon structure of LPS coal was not altered greatly,while demineralization promoted the maturity of coal and the condensation degree of the aromatic ring,making the chemical structure of coal more stable.The oxygen-containing functional groups with low bond energy were reduced,and the ratio of aromatic carbon with high bond energy was increased,decreasing the pyrolysis reactivity.DTG curve-fitting results revealed that the thermal weight loss of LPS coal mainly came from the cleavage of aliphatic covalent bonds.By pyrolysis kinetics analysis of LPS-R and LPS-D,the apparent activation energies were 76±4 to 463±5 kJ/mol and 84±2 to 758±12 kJ/mol,respectively,under different conversion rates.The reactivity of the demineralized coal was inhibited to some extent,as the apparent activation energy of pyrolysis for LPS-D increased by acid treatment.
文摘After the anti-collision facility construction of Wanzhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge, the conditions of navigation in bridge area are complex. In order to study the navigation conditions of the reach and layout optimization measures, ensuring the safety of the ship navigation test has been carried out on the ship model navigation in the bridge area. According to the requirements of the maximum safety limit of the ship model test, the paper puts forward the best route, the control method and the difficulty of navigation through the analysis of the test results, and finally gives the recommendations and suggestions.
