基金This workwas mpported bygrants from the KeyBasic Research and Development Program ("973" Program) of China (2007CB513108), Deutsche Fo~hungsgemeLn_s chaft (DFG, Germany) (KO4136/1-1 ), the "Eleventh Five-Year" National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2009BAI78BO5), the Key Laboratory of Immune and Contxol Schistosomiasis, and the Key Subject Development Special Program of Hunan Province, P.R. China (2008-985-2).