高产优质籼稻南油丝苗的选育及高产栽培技术

南油丝苗是广东省农业科学院水稻研究所应用籼稻动态株型育种理论技术而新育成的优质籼稻品种,2019年通过广东省农作物品种审定。具有丰产性好,米质达部标1级,抗稻瘟病,中抗白叶枯病等特点,适宜广东省粤北以外稻作区早、晚季种植。总结了南油丝苗新品种的选育过程和栽培技术要点。

Natural Variation of Leaf Thickness and Its Association to Yield Traits in indica Rice

Leaf thickness is an important morphological trait in rice. Its association to the yield potential, as of now has not been documented because of the shortage of the equipment which could conveniently measure the leaf thickness in rice. In this study, the thickness of top three leaves of 208 cultivars had been determined by a nondestructive rice leaf thickness instrument for the research of the natural variation of leaves thickness and its association to yield traits in indica rice. The results showed that the flag leaf was the thickest, and the 2nd leaf was thicker than the 3rd leaf. Analysis of variance indicated the existence of wide genetic diversity of leaf thickness among the investigated indica rice genotypes. The tight correlation among the thicknesses of the top three leaves means that the leaf thickness traits share one genetic control system. Leaf thickness had a significant positive correlation with leaf length and a positive correlation with leaf width, indicated that thicker leaf was beneficial to increasing the single leaf area. The results of correlation analysis revealed that thicker leaf should be profitable to the leaf erection, higher numbers of grains per panicle and higher grains weight per panicle. However, the significantly negative correlation between leaf thickness and number of panicles per plant counteracted the profitability from increased grains weight per panicle, so that the correlations of the thicknesses of the top three leaves to yield and biomass were positive but not significantly. It has made great progress in the genetic improvement of leaves thickness in inbred indica rice breeding in Guangdong Province, China, since the 1990s.

高产优质两系杂交水稻新组合南两优362

南两优362是广东省农科院水稻所利用两系不育系南11S与恢复系R362配组选育的两系杂交水稻新组合。该组合具有高产、稳产、抗稻瘟病、优质等优点,适合在广东省除粤北部分地区以外的稻作区作早、晚造种植。

两系杂交籼稻红米新组合南两优红3号

南两优红3号是广东省农业科学院水稻研究所利用不育系南11S与优质红米新品种南红3号配组育成的两系杂交籼稻红米新组合,具有株型适中、耐肥抗倒、高产稳产、抗病性强、米质优等特点,2019年8月通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。

三系杂交稻新组合五优738

五优738是广东省农业科学院水稻研究所利用不育系五丰A与恢复系R738配组育成的感温型三系杂交水稻新组合,具有丰产性好、食味较好、抗稻瘟病、抗倒力强等特点,2019年8月通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。

CAST工艺的脱氮除磷强化改造

浙江某城镇污水处理厂对上游工业园区的工业废水进行纳管后,工业废水比例增大,进水的污染物比例发生变化,碳、氮、磷营养比例失调,造成污水处理厂在运行过程中出水TN和TP不能稳定达标,为此采取改造缺氧池、曝气系统、混合液回流系统和优化运行模式等措施对污水处理厂进行脱氮除磷强化。改造后运行结果表明,出水TN和TP分别为3.43~14.47 mg/L和0.004~0.481 mg/L,稳定达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准。