鸦胆子油乳联合放疗对中老年食管癌患者血清肿瘤标志物及生活质量的影响

目的探讨鸦胆子油乳联合放疗在中老年食管癌患者中的疗效。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月南通市通州区人民医院收治的96例中老年食管癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各48例。对照组实施放疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用鸦胆子油乳治疗。比较两组患者血清肿瘤标志物、临床疗效、生活质量及不良反应。结果观察组患者治疗后血清肿瘤标志物中的糖类抗原199(CA199)、糖类抗原125(CA125)及癌胚抗原(CEA)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者疾病控制率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)中各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对中老年食管癌患者实施鸦胆子油乳联合放疗,能够降低患者血清肿瘤标志物水平,获得较好的疾病控制效果,还可减少不良反应的发生,提升生活质量。

制备工艺对工程弃土人工骨料性能的影响

为处置大量工程弃土,同时缓解工程建材短缺问题,利用工程弃土制备人工骨料,以期揭示成型压力、黏结剂类型与掺量、硬化工艺与养护时间等关键因素对人工骨料性能的影响,试验表明,①增大成型压力有利于提高人工骨料的强度与致密性,但当成型压力达到30 MPa时,部分试件的黏结剂会被挤出,导致抗压强度下降;②水泥与地质聚合物黏结剂对人工骨料各指标的影响规律基本相同,随着黏结剂掺量的提升,骨料的抗压强度显著提高,吸水性逐渐下降;③热养护-冷结硬化工艺会加快黏结剂的水化反应,提高骨料的吸水性,降低骨料的毛体积密度。使用热养护-冷结硬化工艺制备的地质聚合物人工骨料7 d强度能够达到冷结硬化骨料的28 d强度。

Ifitm1基因在小鼠卵泡发育与排卵过程中的功能及相关调控机制

为深入了解哺乳动物卵泡发育的机制,对小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白1(interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1,Ifitm1)基因进行超表达和抑制表达分析,通过流式细胞术、荧光定量PCR、EdU法及western blot分析Ifitm1对小鼠颗粒细胞生长的影响及对小鼠排卵相关基因表达的调控作用,并用相关通路抑制剂处理颗粒细胞,探究Ifitm1影响小鼠卵泡发育及排卵的相关机制。结果显示,在小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中成功地超表达和抑制表达了Ifitm1基因,干扰Ifitm1基因表达使细胞周期蛋白Ccnd1表达降低了63.5%,G0/G1期细胞占比也下降,使细胞阻滞在G2/M期,从而抑制颗粒细胞增殖;干扰Ifitm1基因还导致排卵标记基因Lhr、Ereg、Cyp19a1表达水平提高了1.95~6.76倍(P<0.05),并抑制PI3K/AKT信号通路上关键蛋白p-AKT(Ser473)的表达,而阻断PI3K/AKT信号通路后再抑制Ifitm1基因表达,Lhr、Ereg和Cyp19a1的mRNA水平则未出现明显改变,说明Ifitm1基因通过抑制PI3K/AKT信号通路活性影响排卵。以上结果表明,Ifitm1基因通过PI3K/AKT通路介导在小鼠颗粒细胞生长以及卵泡排卵过程中发挥重要作用。

成本控制下的城市台高清电视播出系统设计与实践

本文探讨了城市台在有限的项目资金下,建设高清电视播出系统的设计重点:安全性、功能的完善与实用便利、经济性,介绍了系统关键参数的确定、高标清同播的流程的设计思路以及项目中成本控制的特点。

Review on observational studies of western tropical Pacific Ocean circulation and climate

The Western Tropical Pacific(WTP) Ocean holds the largest area of warm water(>28℃) in the world ocean referred to as the Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP),which modulates the regional and global climate through strong atmospheric convection and its variability.The WTP is unique in terms of its complex 3-D ocean circulation system and intensive multiscale variability,making it crucial in the water and energy cycle of the global ocean.Great advances have been made in understanding the complexity of the WTP ocean circulation and associated climate impact by the international scientific community since the 1960 s through field experiments.In this study,we review the evolving insight to the 3-D structure and multi-scale variability of the ocean circulation in the WTP and their climatic impacts based on in-situ ocean observations in the past decades,with emphasis on the achievements since 2000.The challenges and open que stions remaining are reviewed as well as future plan for international study of the WTP ocean circulation and climate.

循环肿瘤DNA的临床应用及展望

癌症严重威胁着人类的生命健康.中国人口众多,医疗设备及医护人员配置暂时无法与发达国家相比,大部分癌症患者在确诊时病情已经进展到中晚期,错过了最佳的治疗时机.随着医学水平的发展和提高,人们已经意识到有同样病症的患者对于同样的治疗手段的获益各异.导致患者获益效果不同的原因有多种,解决问题的关键在于以更精细的手段对癌症进行分类,针对每个患者制定专属的治疗方案.“精准肿瘤学”的提出正是为了改善癌症的诊断和治疗现状[1].对基因组和其他分子进行分析,以获知肿瘤的分子亚型,选择对应的治疗方法,并对预后进行预判.临床上通常采用穿刺或者手术获取肿瘤组织进行分子性能分析,但有时患者身体情况不允许采用此类方法获得肿瘤组织,且此类方法也不适用于肿瘤的连续监测.因此,非侵袭方式的液体活检更能满足研究人员和精准医学的需求.

认知干预对三阶梯癌痛治疗患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨认知干预对三阶梯癌痛治疗患者生活质量的影响。方法选取120例三阶梯癌痛治疗患者,随机分为试验组和对照组各60例。对照组给予常规癌痛管理,试验组在常规癌痛管理的基础上实施认知干预。比较2组癌痛控制效果及生活质量。结果试验组癌痛控制率93. 33%,显著高于对照组癌痛控制率86. 67%(P <0. 05)。试验组食欲、睡眠、疼痛控制方面显著优于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论认知干预可减轻患者对止痛药物的担忧,促使患者接受规范的止痛治疗,改善患者的生活质量。

Effects of surface waves and sea spray on air–sea fluxes during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit

Air–sea exchange plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Although studies have suggested the dependence of air–sea fluxes on surface waves and sea spray, how these processes modify those fluxes under TC conditions have not been sufficiently investigated based on in-situ observations.Using continuous meteorological and surface wave data from a moored buoy in the northern South China Sea,this study examines the effects of surface waves and sea spray on air–sea fluxes during the passage of Typhoon Hagupit. The mooring was within about 40 km of the center of Hagupit. Surface waves could increase momentum flux to the ocean by about 15%, and sea spray enhanced both sensible and latent heat fluxes to the atmosphere,causing Hagupit to absorb 500 W/m^2 more heat flux from the ocean. These results have powerful implications for understanding TC–ocean interaction and improving TC intensity forecasting.

一种采用AD2S1210实现LVDT到数字转换方法

通过分析旋转变压器信号与线性差动式位移传感器信号的关系及AD2S1210的转换原理,推导出AD2S1210转换数据与LVDT位置量之间的三角函数关系,设计了一种高精度LVDT信号到数字转换电路。首先由AD2S1210将LVDT信号转换为数字量,再通过FPGA进行数据变换实现LVDT到数字转换。该方法与目前的基于AD698的LVDT转换方法相比,能有效地消除了转换电路中的抖码问题,并且具有外围电路简单、抗干扰能力强等优点。给出了转换电路的设计方法,以及查找表和近似计算两种方式的FPGA代码。实验结果表明设计电路的转换分辨率达到13位,线性度达到0.2‰。

城市电视台4K IP与SDI混合架构转播车设计

本文较为全面地介绍了绍兴市新闻传媒中心(集团)4KIP电视转播车的设计,探讨了IP与高清基带混合架构的选择、车辆车型选择及布局、系统组成,着重论述了系统设计和调试的重点及难点,对同类项目的设计有一定的借鉴意义。

The ocean's role in climate variability

Because of its vast volume and heat capacity, the ocean contains most of the memory of the earth's ocean-atmosphere coupled system. It has been suggested that the ocean may delay global warming by absorbing large amounts of heat, that it may cause abrupt climate change due to its disrupted thermohaline circulation, and that it may set the time-scales for various climate oscillations. Although the slow pace and persistence of oceanic variations give hope to long-range prediction, there still exist large uncertainties in climate predictability. Presently available observations and models are generally inadequate for studying and predicting long-term climate changes. However, some short-term fluctuations such as ENSO have been well studied and shown to be highly predictable even with simplified models.

Mechanisms of shelf-break frontogenesis

The shelf-break front is an omnipresent phenomenon in coastal oceans all over the world, but there is still no definitive explanation for the genesis of such a front. It is possible that different mechanisms are operative at different times and locations, but all of them should have something to do with the sharp change of bottom topography near the shelf-break. A couple of recently proposed mechanisms of shelf-break frontogenesis are dicussed. One of them invokes a flow convergence produced by local air-sea interaction over sloping topography, whereas the other relies on the depth dependence of wind-induced shear dispersion. These novel ideas are based on new observational evidences and previous theoretical studies, and they are demonstrated here using an idealized ocean-atmosphere coupled model and a stand-alone ocean model. The air-sea interaction mechanism seems plausible for the shelf-break front in the East China Sea, and the shear dispersion mechanism is likely to be applicable to the shelf-break front off the northeastern United States.

Genesis of the 2014–2016 El Nio events

The 2015/2016 El Nio was one of the strongest El Nio events in history, and this strong event was preceded by a weak El Nio in 2014. This study systematically analyzed the dynamical processes responsible for the genesis of these events. It was found that the weak 2014 El Nio had two warming phases, the spring-summer warming was produced by zonal advection and downwelling Kelvin waves driven by westerly wind bursts(WWBs), and the autumn-winter warming was produced by meridional advection, surface heating as well as downwelling Kelvin waves. The 2015/2016 extreme El Nio, on the other hand, was primarily a result of sustained zonal advection and downwelling Kelvin waves driven by a series of WWBs, with enhancement from the Bjerknes positive feedback. The vast difference between these two El Nio events mainly came from the different amount of WWBs in 2014 and 2015. As compared to the 1982/1983 and 1997/1998 extreme El Nio events, the 2015/2016 El Nio exhibited some distinctive characteristics in its genesis and spatial pattern. We need to include the effects of WWBs to the theoretical framework of El Nio to explain these characteristics, and to improve our understanding and prediction of El Nio.

A theoretical investigation of the tropical Indo-Pacific tripole mode

The El Ni o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)phenomenon in the tropical Pacific has been a focus of ocean and climate studies in the last few decades.Recently,the short-term climate variability in the tropical Indian Ocean has attracted increasingly more attention,especially with the proposition of the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)mode.However,these phenomena are often studied separately without much consideration of their interaction.Observations reveal a striking out-of-phase relationship between zonal gradients of sea surface height anomaly(SSHA)and sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans.Since the two oceans share the ascending branch of the Walker cells over the warm pool,the variation within one of them will affect the other.The accompanied zonal surface wind anomalies are always opposite over the two basins,thus producing a tripole structure with opposite zonal gradients of SSHA/SSTA in the two oceans.This mode of variability has been referred to as Indo-Pacific Tripole(IPT).Based on observational data analyses and a simple ocean-atmosphere coupled model,this study tries to identify the characteristics and physical mechanism of IPT with a particular emphasis on the relationships among ENSO,IOD,and IPT.The model includes the basic oceanic and atmospheric variables and the feedbacks between them,and takes into account the inter-basin connection through an atmospheric bridge,thus providing a valuable framework for further research on the short-term tropical climate variability.

Variation of the Kuroshio intrusion pathways northeast of Taiwan using the Lagrangian method

The seasonal variations of the Kuroshio intrusion pathways northeast of Taiwan were investigated using observational data from satellite-tracked sea surface drifters and a numerical particle-tracking experiment based on a high-resolution numerical ocean model. The results of sea surface drifter data observed from 1989 to 2013 indicate that the Kuroshio surface intrusion follows two distinct pathways: one is a northwestward intrusion along the northern coast of Taiwan Island, and the other is a direct intrusion near the turn of the shelf break. The former occurs primarily in the winter, while the latter exists year round. A particle-tracking experiment in the high-resolution numerical model reproduces the two observed intrusion paths by the sea surface drifters. The three-dimensional structure of the Kuroshio intrusion is revealed by the model results. The pathways, features and possible dynamic mechanisms of the subsurface intrusion are also discussed.

Upper ocean response to tropical cyclone wind forcing: A case study of typhoon Rammasun(2008)

The characteristics of the upper ocean response to tropical cyclone wind(TCW) forcing in the northwestern Pacific were investigated using satellite and Argo data, as well as an ocean general circulation model. In particular, a case study was carried out on typhoon Rammasun, which passed through our study area during May 6–13, 2008. It is found that the local response right under the TCW forcing is characterized by a quick deepening of the surface mixed layer, a strong latent heat loss to the atmosphere, and an intense upwelling near the center of typhoon, leading to a cooling of the oceanic surface layer that persists as a cold wake along the typhoon track. More interestingly, the upper ocean response exhibits a four-layer thermal structure, including a cooling layer near the surface and a warming layer right below, accompanied by another pair of cooling/warming layers in the thermocline. The formation of the surface cooling/warming layers can be readily explained by the strong vertical mixing induced by TCW forcing, while the thermal response in the thermocline is probably a result of the cyclone-driven upwelling and the associated advective processes.

Spatiotemporal modes of global sea surface temperature variability

This study identifies the salient global modes of sea surface temperature variability based on 145 years of HadlSST data.Unlike the traditional mode identification by EOF analysis,a combination of wavelet and EOF analysis is used to extract the leading modes at distinct time scales.The spatial patterns of some well-known regional modes are recovered,with the global connection and frequency content of these modes being revealed.Our analysis indicates that,in terms of global influence,the Pacific Ocean is the major player,and the tropical Pacific is the center of action on various time scales.The Atlantic Ocean has its own outstanding modes,but their global impacts are not as strong as those from the Pacific.The Indian Ocean generally shows a passive response to the Pacific,with a basin-wide pattern in the tropics.Despite some preliminary theoretical attempts,how to elucidate the dynamics underlying the global modes of sea surface temperature variability is still an open question.