总结论述了基于图论的故障诊断和定位技术、基于软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)架构的故障诊断和恢复技术、基于故障追踪的故障预测方法、基于事件驱动的故障预测方法。从故障诊断方法的优点、缺点进行对比分析,从故障预...总结论述了基于图论的故障诊断和定位技术、基于软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)架构的故障诊断和恢复技术、基于故障追踪的故障预测方法、基于事件驱动的故障预测方法。从故障诊断方法的优点、缺点进行对比分析,从故障预测的模型输入、应用范围、优点和不足等方面进行对比分析,对发展趋势进行分析总结,以实例验证了所总结的故障诊断和预测方法。展开更多
半焦是低阶煤经低温热解后的产物,着火和实现稳定燃烧较原煤需更高温度,为拓展其在电厂动力用煤等领域的应用,有必要引入一些易燃高挥发分煤种作为混燃燃料;同时国内外关于混煤燃烧研究多是基于小型试验台和数值模拟,而非中试规模的试...半焦是低阶煤经低温热解后的产物,着火和实现稳定燃烧较原煤需更高温度,为拓展其在电厂动力用煤等领域的应用,有必要引入一些易燃高挥发分煤种作为混燃燃料;同时国内外关于混煤燃烧研究多是基于小型试验台和数值模拟,而非中试规模的试验系统。基于此,在350 k W热态试验炉上开展了不同挥发分煤种(褐煤、烟煤、次烟煤)与神木热解半焦混燃热态试验研究。通过测量燃烧器下游主燃区不同轴向位置、径向位置处炉膛温度以及O_2、CO、CO_2、NO_x等气体成分浓度,研究掺混煤质变化对混合燃烧(半焦质量掺混比50%)的着火特性以及NO_x生成影响。结果表明:混合燃料浓侧煤粉射流的着火优于淡侧,O_2消耗及燃烧产物生成也主要集中在浓侧;随着混合煤质V_(daf)增加,混煤射流着火距离减小,燃点下降,燃烧器出口与稳定燃烧区之间的距离随之缩短;主燃区出口截面处,褐煤+半焦、烟煤+半焦、次烟煤+半焦混合射流中心的NO_x浓度分别为473、462、532 mg/m~3(6%O_2下,下同),对于褐煤+半焦、烟煤+半焦混合射流NO_x浓度差值较小,仅为11 mg/m~3。综合考虑着火距离、燃烧强度和主燃区NO_x排放量,适合较大比例混合热解半焦(半焦掺混比50%)混燃煤质的V_(daf)不宜低于16%。展开更多
The influence of the blending ratio of pyrolyzed semi-char(SC)on the ignition,NO emission and burnout characteristics of lignite co-fired with SC was investigated in a 350 kW fuel-rich/lean combustion furnace.The flam...The influence of the blending ratio of pyrolyzed semi-char(SC)on the ignition,NO emission and burnout characteristics of lignite co-fired with SC was investigated in a 350 kW fuel-rich/lean combustion furnace.The flame temperature and concentrations of gaseous species including O_(2),CO,and NO,were measured in detail.The results indicated that the ignition characteristics of the blended fuel worsened with increasing SC blending ratio,such as an elongated ignition standoff distance.The addition of SC to lignite delayed the appearance of a stable flame boundary,and the stable combustion zone moved down,but the final combustion stability was gradually strengthened in the later combustion stage.NO emission concentration at the primary combustion zone(PCZ)outlet was the lowest at 472.6 mg/m^(3)@6%O_(2)when the SC blending ratio was 25%.The combustion zone and reducing zone areas in PCZ were defined to evaluate the NO reduction characteristics,and quantitative analysis using a multiple linear regression model showed that heterogeneous reduction was more important than homogeneous reduction in lowering NO emissions.The Raman spectrum of the char sample indicated that the addition of lignite promoted the formation of small aromatic rings in the early ignition stage,corresponding to a higher char reactivity.The burnout ratio of pure lignite was maximal and was decreased by increasing the SC blending ratio.Synthetically,considering the ignition standoff distance,NO emission,and burnout ratio,the optimum SC blending ratio was estimated to be 25%.展开更多
文摘总结论述了基于图论的故障诊断和定位技术、基于软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)架构的故障诊断和恢复技术、基于故障追踪的故障预测方法、基于事件驱动的故障预测方法。从故障诊断方法的优点、缺点进行对比分析,从故障预测的模型输入、应用范围、优点和不足等方面进行对比分析,对发展趋势进行分析总结,以实例验证了所总结的故障诊断和预测方法。
文摘半焦是低阶煤经低温热解后的产物,着火和实现稳定燃烧较原煤需更高温度,为拓展其在电厂动力用煤等领域的应用,有必要引入一些易燃高挥发分煤种作为混燃燃料;同时国内外关于混煤燃烧研究多是基于小型试验台和数值模拟,而非中试规模的试验系统。基于此,在350 k W热态试验炉上开展了不同挥发分煤种(褐煤、烟煤、次烟煤)与神木热解半焦混燃热态试验研究。通过测量燃烧器下游主燃区不同轴向位置、径向位置处炉膛温度以及O_2、CO、CO_2、NO_x等气体成分浓度,研究掺混煤质变化对混合燃烧(半焦质量掺混比50%)的着火特性以及NO_x生成影响。结果表明:混合燃料浓侧煤粉射流的着火优于淡侧,O_2消耗及燃烧产物生成也主要集中在浓侧;随着混合煤质V_(daf)增加,混煤射流着火距离减小,燃点下降,燃烧器出口与稳定燃烧区之间的距离随之缩短;主燃区出口截面处,褐煤+半焦、烟煤+半焦、次烟煤+半焦混合射流中心的NO_x浓度分别为473、462、532 mg/m~3(6%O_2下,下同),对于褐煤+半焦、烟煤+半焦混合射流NO_x浓度差值较小,仅为11 mg/m~3。综合考虑着火距离、燃烧强度和主燃区NO_x排放量,适合较大比例混合热解半焦(半焦掺混比50%)混燃煤质的V_(daf)不宜低于16%。
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(NO.2017YFB0602002)。
文摘The influence of the blending ratio of pyrolyzed semi-char(SC)on the ignition,NO emission and burnout characteristics of lignite co-fired with SC was investigated in a 350 kW fuel-rich/lean combustion furnace.The flame temperature and concentrations of gaseous species including O_(2),CO,and NO,were measured in detail.The results indicated that the ignition characteristics of the blended fuel worsened with increasing SC blending ratio,such as an elongated ignition standoff distance.The addition of SC to lignite delayed the appearance of a stable flame boundary,and the stable combustion zone moved down,but the final combustion stability was gradually strengthened in the later combustion stage.NO emission concentration at the primary combustion zone(PCZ)outlet was the lowest at 472.6 mg/m^(3)@6%O_(2)when the SC blending ratio was 25%.The combustion zone and reducing zone areas in PCZ were defined to evaluate the NO reduction characteristics,and quantitative analysis using a multiple linear regression model showed that heterogeneous reduction was more important than homogeneous reduction in lowering NO emissions.The Raman spectrum of the char sample indicated that the addition of lignite promoted the formation of small aromatic rings in the early ignition stage,corresponding to a higher char reactivity.The burnout ratio of pure lignite was maximal and was decreased by increasing the SC blending ratio.Synthetically,considering the ignition standoff distance,NO emission,and burnout ratio,the optimum SC blending ratio was estimated to be 25%.
