Cryogenic valves play a crucial role in the production and transportation of liquefied natural gas(LNG),and are primarily responsible for efficiently controlling the inflow and outflow of LNG and regulating pressure.H...Cryogenic valves play a crucial role in the production and transportation of liquefied natural gas(LNG),and are primarily responsible for efficiently controlling the inflow and outflow of LNG and regulating pressure.However,due to their operation in low-temperature and high-humidity environments,crucial components such as drip trays are susceptible to frosting,which may lead to LNG leakage,thereby causing severe safety incidents.In this study,the user-defined function(UDF)is employed to redevelop Fluent,which integrates the frost growth model with the Eulerian multiphase flow model,to conduct a quantitative analysis of frosting on drip trays of cryogenic valves.The effects of environmental parameters,such as wind speed,ambient temperature,air humidity,and cold surface temperature on the growth of the frost layer were analyzed.This study reveals a limiting wind speed between 1 m/s and 2 m/s.Upon reaching this limit speed,the growth of the frost layer reaches its maximum,and further increases in the wind speed have no significant effect on the growth of the frost layer.Furthermore,the influence of the change in the flow field on droplet impingement and freezing during the growth of the frost layer is considered through the coupling method of the kinematic characteristics of water droplets and the collection coefficient of water droplets.This study identifies the influence of different parameters on the droplet impact efficiency,leading to the modification of the frost layer on the drip tray.展开更多
城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层...城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation)的组合赋权法,运用逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)构建城市韧性评估模型。以西安市为例,对新城区、碑林区、莲湖区、灞桥区、未央区和雁塔区6个区域韧性进行评估。结果表明:抵抗力属性和生态环境维度是影响城市韧性水平的最主要因素;灞桥区韧性水平等级为Ⅲ级,新城区和未央区韧性水平等级为Ⅱ级,碑林区、莲湖区和雁塔区为Ⅰ级。评估结果可为提升城市韧性、降低洪涝灾害风险提供参考。展开更多
以种子来源于江西遂川的1年生刨花楠扦插苗为材料,设置田间持水量的80%、40%2个水分水平,以及不添加(0 kg N·hm^(-2))、低氮(50 kg N·hm^(-2))、高氮(100kg N·hm^(-2))3个氮添加水平共6种处理的氮-水交互受控试验,测定...以种子来源于江西遂川的1年生刨花楠扦插苗为材料,设置田间持水量的80%、40%2个水分水平,以及不添加(0 kg N·hm^(-2))、低氮(50 kg N·hm^(-2))、高氮(100kg N·hm^(-2))3个氮添加水平共6种处理的氮-水交互受控试验,测定不同处理刨花楠幼苗3个根序细根比根长、比表面积、平均直径和根组织密度,分析短期氮添加、干旱胁迫及两者交互作用对刨花楠幼苗细根的影响.结果表明:刨花楠幼苗细根平均直径、比根长在不同根序间差异显著.随根序的增加,刨花楠幼苗细根平均直径增加,其中3级根最大,为0.97 mm;而比根长降低,3级根最小,为238.99 cm·g^(-1).氮添加对刨花楠细根的比表面积、平均直径、比根长和根组织密度无显著影响,而水分对刨花楠细根平均直径、比根长、根组织密度影响显著.干旱胁迫明显促进幼苗3级细根直径的增加,降低了1、2级细根根组织密度.干旱环境下幼苗3级根的比根长明显低于正常供水环境下幼苗.氮水交互作用对刨花楠细根形态影响不显著.展开更多
基金officially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42276225,51879125)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.SJCX23_2208)。
文摘Cryogenic valves play a crucial role in the production and transportation of liquefied natural gas(LNG),and are primarily responsible for efficiently controlling the inflow and outflow of LNG and regulating pressure.However,due to their operation in low-temperature and high-humidity environments,crucial components such as drip trays are susceptible to frosting,which may lead to LNG leakage,thereby causing severe safety incidents.In this study,the user-defined function(UDF)is employed to redevelop Fluent,which integrates the frost growth model with the Eulerian multiphase flow model,to conduct a quantitative analysis of frosting on drip trays of cryogenic valves.The effects of environmental parameters,such as wind speed,ambient temperature,air humidity,and cold surface temperature on the growth of the frost layer were analyzed.This study reveals a limiting wind speed between 1 m/s and 2 m/s.Upon reaching this limit speed,the growth of the frost layer reaches its maximum,and further increases in the wind speed have no significant effect on the growth of the frost layer.Furthermore,the influence of the change in the flow field on droplet impingement and freezing during the growth of the frost layer is considered through the coupling method of the kinematic characteristics of water droplets and the collection coefficient of water droplets.This study identifies the influence of different parameters on the droplet impact efficiency,leading to the modification of the frost layer on the drip tray.
文摘城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation)的组合赋权法,运用逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)构建城市韧性评估模型。以西安市为例,对新城区、碑林区、莲湖区、灞桥区、未央区和雁塔区6个区域韧性进行评估。结果表明:抵抗力属性和生态环境维度是影响城市韧性水平的最主要因素;灞桥区韧性水平等级为Ⅲ级,新城区和未央区韧性水平等级为Ⅱ级,碑林区、莲湖区和雁塔区为Ⅰ级。评估结果可为提升城市韧性、降低洪涝灾害风险提供参考。
文摘以种子来源于江西遂川的1年生刨花楠扦插苗为材料,设置田间持水量的80%、40%2个水分水平,以及不添加(0 kg N·hm^(-2))、低氮(50 kg N·hm^(-2))、高氮(100kg N·hm^(-2))3个氮添加水平共6种处理的氮-水交互受控试验,测定不同处理刨花楠幼苗3个根序细根比根长、比表面积、平均直径和根组织密度,分析短期氮添加、干旱胁迫及两者交互作用对刨花楠幼苗细根的影响.结果表明:刨花楠幼苗细根平均直径、比根长在不同根序间差异显著.随根序的增加,刨花楠幼苗细根平均直径增加,其中3级根最大,为0.97 mm;而比根长降低,3级根最小,为238.99 cm·g^(-1).氮添加对刨花楠细根的比表面积、平均直径、比根长和根组织密度无显著影响,而水分对刨花楠细根平均直径、比根长、根组织密度影响显著.干旱胁迫明显促进幼苗3级细根直径的增加,降低了1、2级细根根组织密度.干旱环境下幼苗3级根的比根长明显低于正常供水环境下幼苗.氮水交互作用对刨花楠细根形态影响不显著.
