Objective:To investigate the effect of alendronate on bone mass and organ pathology of ovariectomized mice.Methods:Thirty SPF grade C57 female mice were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):Sham operation group(Sh...Objective:To investigate the effect of alendronate on bone mass and organ pathology of ovariectomized mice.Methods:Thirty SPF grade C57 female mice were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):Sham operation group(Sham),ovariectomized group(OVX)and ovariectomized+alendronate group(ALN).The sodium alendronate was injected subcutaneously at 400μg/kg twice a week in the ALN group.The equal volume of normal saline was injected subcutaneously twice a week in the SHAM group and OVX group.After 12 weeks of drug administration,the samples were taken.The organ coefficients,main organ pathological sections,and bone histopathological sections were observed,and the micro CT,L4 biomechanics and serum biochemical indicators were analyzed.Results:The uterine coefficient of Sham group was(0.0054±0.0007)significantly higher than that of OVX group(0.0026±0.0009)and ALN group(0.0025±0.0007),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).No obvious lesions or toxic or side effects were observed in the main organs.Compared with the OVX group,the ALN group with decalcified sections of bone tissue had compact trabecular structure and fewer adipocytes.Micro-CT results showed that the Tb.BMD,Tb.N,Tb.Th and Tb.BV/TV values of the ALN group were significantly increased compared with those of the OVX group,but the Tb.Sp value was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In L4 vertebral body biomechanics,the elastic modulus(50.29±13.43)and maximum load number(29.83±4.92)of ALN group were significantly higher than those of OVX group(14.77±3.12)and maximum load number(11.57±3.18),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the OVX group,the serum OCN and PINP indicators of bone formation in the ALN group were increased,while the bone resorption indicators TRACP-5b and CTX-I were decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Alendronate sodium improves bone quality by increasing bone density,improving bone microstructure,increasing bone strength,promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption,without obvious toxic and side effects on organs.展开更多
以过氧化氢(H2O2)和过硫酸钠(Na2S2O8)为氧化剂,通过室内模拟实验,研究不同氧化剂及分次添加方式(1次或分3次)、外源添加零价铁(ZVI)处理对石油污染土壤中石油烃类污染物的去除能力,探讨了不同处理下氧化剂的持续性和去除污染物的有效...以过氧化氢(H2O2)和过硫酸钠(Na2S2O8)为氧化剂,通过室内模拟实验,研究不同氧化剂及分次添加方式(1次或分3次)、外源添加零价铁(ZVI)处理对石油污染土壤中石油烃类污染物的去除能力,探讨了不同处理下氧化剂的持续性和去除污染物的有效性。结果表明:在氧化剂初始浓度为21、63、105mmol·L^-1的处理中,H2O2在反应第2 d均已检测不到,Na2S2O8剩余量在反应10 d后分别为11、35、60mmol·L^-1;反应10 d后,总石油烃类(TPH)总去除率在氧化剂初始浓度为63、105mmol·L^-1的Na2S2O8处理中显著高于H2O2处理(P<0.05),分别高出12.41%、14.21%;在第4~10 d Na2S2O8和TPH剩余浓度的降低均非常缓慢,表明土壤中能活化Na2S2O8的物质不足;加入ZVI显著提高了TPH总去除率(P<0.05),尤其促进了第4~10 d TPH的持续降解(分别增加了8.46%、8.49%、12.26%)。总量相等的H2O2分3次在第0、24、48 h投加,反应10 d后TPH降解率比一次性投加分别提高了17.26%、25.43%、28.11%。通过对反应体系有机组分的GC-MS图谱分析,反应10d后H2O2分3次添加、ZVI活化Na2S2O8处理中石油烃类总峰值分别降低了56.64%和57.60%,且部分长链烷烃被降解为相对较短的烷烃组分。研究表明:Na2S2O8在石油污染土壤中持续性优于H2O2,但Na2S2O8去除TPH的有效性随反应时间增加而降低;添加ZVI提高了Na2S2O8去除TPH的有效性;分批次投加H2O2提高了石油污染土壤中的TPH降解率。展开更多
The thermal desorption spectra study of deuterium on Si(100)surface shows that two adsorption states the monodeuteride phase and the dideuteride phase can be formed.The activation energies of desorption for these two ...The thermal desorption spectra study of deuterium on Si(100)surface shows that two adsorption states the monodeuteride phase and the dideuteride phase can be formed.The activation energies of desorption for these two phases have been measured and a comparison with the hydrogen adsorption on Si(100)surface has been made.展开更多
AIM: Osteoblasts are key functional cells in the process of bone metabolic balance. Phytoestrogens have an important influence on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Puerarin, a plant estrogen, has a...AIM: Osteoblasts are key functional cells in the process of bone metabolic balance. Phytoestrogens have an important influence on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Puerarin, a plant estrogen, has a wide range concentration in vitro on the function of osteoblasts. The current study investigates the effect of the phytoestrogen puerarin on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblasts in vitro. METHODS: The calvaria bone of eight-ten Wistar rats which were born within 24 h were obtained in aseptic condition. After enzyme digestion, isolation, purified osteoblasts of rats were cultured for further study. The cells of the first to third generation were divided into a control group and a puerarin-treated group with 10-3–10-10 mol·L-1 puerarin. The cells were exposed to the medium containing a low level of carbohydrates, 10%(V/V) FBS for 24 h. After 1 to 4 days of culture, the OD values on the proliferation of osteoblasts in each group were determined by microplate reader. The cells were cultured in the medium containing 50 μg·mL-1 vitamin C, 10-2 mol·L-1 sodium glycerophosphate, 10% FBS and the medium was changed every 3 to 4 days. After 2 to 8 days of culture, expression of alkaline phosphatase were tested and compared by microplate reader. The mineral nodes of osteoblasts were dyed using alizarin red or improved Von Kossa way after four weeks. RESULTS: Compared with those in the 10-5–10-9 mol·L-1 puerarin, the proliferation of osteoblasts, the expression of alkaline phosphatase, and the number of mineral nodes of osteoblasts were significantly decreased in the control group. The increase was the fastest in the third day, while on the fourth day it was decreased, and arrived at statistical significance compared with the alkaline phosphatase activities and control group. The 10-6 mol·L-1 group was the most distinct, and formed the most mineralized nodule. Compared with the 10-3 mol·L-1 puerarin group, those changes were markedly increased in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Puerarin has proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization effects on osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner, and has a double-way effect on the osteoblasts in vitro. A low-dose showed positive effects on the development of osteoblasts, and high-dose puerarin could inhibit the formation of bone.展开更多
基金General program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81770879)Gansu Youth Science and Technology Fund Program(20JR5RA589)Joint Service Support Force 940 Hospital Laboratory Cultivation Project(2021yxky081)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of alendronate on bone mass and organ pathology of ovariectomized mice.Methods:Thirty SPF grade C57 female mice were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):Sham operation group(Sham),ovariectomized group(OVX)and ovariectomized+alendronate group(ALN).The sodium alendronate was injected subcutaneously at 400μg/kg twice a week in the ALN group.The equal volume of normal saline was injected subcutaneously twice a week in the SHAM group and OVX group.After 12 weeks of drug administration,the samples were taken.The organ coefficients,main organ pathological sections,and bone histopathological sections were observed,and the micro CT,L4 biomechanics and serum biochemical indicators were analyzed.Results:The uterine coefficient of Sham group was(0.0054±0.0007)significantly higher than that of OVX group(0.0026±0.0009)and ALN group(0.0025±0.0007),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).No obvious lesions or toxic or side effects were observed in the main organs.Compared with the OVX group,the ALN group with decalcified sections of bone tissue had compact trabecular structure and fewer adipocytes.Micro-CT results showed that the Tb.BMD,Tb.N,Tb.Th and Tb.BV/TV values of the ALN group were significantly increased compared with those of the OVX group,but the Tb.Sp value was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In L4 vertebral body biomechanics,the elastic modulus(50.29±13.43)and maximum load number(29.83±4.92)of ALN group were significantly higher than those of OVX group(14.77±3.12)and maximum load number(11.57±3.18),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the OVX group,the serum OCN and PINP indicators of bone formation in the ALN group were increased,while the bone resorption indicators TRACP-5b and CTX-I were decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Alendronate sodium improves bone quality by increasing bone density,improving bone microstructure,increasing bone strength,promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption,without obvious toxic and side effects on organs.
文摘以过氧化氢(H2O2)和过硫酸钠(Na2S2O8)为氧化剂,通过室内模拟实验,研究不同氧化剂及分次添加方式(1次或分3次)、外源添加零价铁(ZVI)处理对石油污染土壤中石油烃类污染物的去除能力,探讨了不同处理下氧化剂的持续性和去除污染物的有效性。结果表明:在氧化剂初始浓度为21、63、105mmol·L^-1的处理中,H2O2在反应第2 d均已检测不到,Na2S2O8剩余量在反应10 d后分别为11、35、60mmol·L^-1;反应10 d后,总石油烃类(TPH)总去除率在氧化剂初始浓度为63、105mmol·L^-1的Na2S2O8处理中显著高于H2O2处理(P<0.05),分别高出12.41%、14.21%;在第4~10 d Na2S2O8和TPH剩余浓度的降低均非常缓慢,表明土壤中能活化Na2S2O8的物质不足;加入ZVI显著提高了TPH总去除率(P<0.05),尤其促进了第4~10 d TPH的持续降解(分别增加了8.46%、8.49%、12.26%)。总量相等的H2O2分3次在第0、24、48 h投加,反应10 d后TPH降解率比一次性投加分别提高了17.26%、25.43%、28.11%。通过对反应体系有机组分的GC-MS图谱分析,反应10d后H2O2分3次添加、ZVI活化Na2S2O8处理中石油烃类总峰值分别降低了56.64%和57.60%,且部分长链烷烃被降解为相对较短的烷烃组分。研究表明:Na2S2O8在石油污染土壤中持续性优于H2O2,但Na2S2O8去除TPH的有效性随反应时间增加而降低;添加ZVI提高了Na2S2O8去除TPH的有效性;分批次投加H2O2提高了石油污染土壤中的TPH降解率。
文摘The thermal desorption spectra study of deuterium on Si(100)surface shows that two adsorption states the monodeuteride phase and the dideuteride phase can be formed.The activation energies of desorption for these two phases have been measured and a comparison with the hydrogen adsorption on Si(100)surface has been made.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-13-0954)the Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT1174),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.J1210063,81001622,81073029)+3 种基金the project"As a Major New Drug to Create a Major National Science and Technology Special"(Nos.2011ZX09401-308-034,2014ZX09304-307-02)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2012M521831),the Key Program for the International S&T Cooperation Projects of Shaanxi Province(No.2013KW31-01)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department(No.2013JK0811)the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi(No.13-ZY006)
文摘AIM: Osteoblasts are key functional cells in the process of bone metabolic balance. Phytoestrogens have an important influence on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Puerarin, a plant estrogen, has a wide range concentration in vitro on the function of osteoblasts. The current study investigates the effect of the phytoestrogen puerarin on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblasts in vitro. METHODS: The calvaria bone of eight-ten Wistar rats which were born within 24 h were obtained in aseptic condition. After enzyme digestion, isolation, purified osteoblasts of rats were cultured for further study. The cells of the first to third generation were divided into a control group and a puerarin-treated group with 10-3–10-10 mol·L-1 puerarin. The cells were exposed to the medium containing a low level of carbohydrates, 10%(V/V) FBS for 24 h. After 1 to 4 days of culture, the OD values on the proliferation of osteoblasts in each group were determined by microplate reader. The cells were cultured in the medium containing 50 μg·mL-1 vitamin C, 10-2 mol·L-1 sodium glycerophosphate, 10% FBS and the medium was changed every 3 to 4 days. After 2 to 8 days of culture, expression of alkaline phosphatase were tested and compared by microplate reader. The mineral nodes of osteoblasts were dyed using alizarin red or improved Von Kossa way after four weeks. RESULTS: Compared with those in the 10-5–10-9 mol·L-1 puerarin, the proliferation of osteoblasts, the expression of alkaline phosphatase, and the number of mineral nodes of osteoblasts were significantly decreased in the control group. The increase was the fastest in the third day, while on the fourth day it was decreased, and arrived at statistical significance compared with the alkaline phosphatase activities and control group. The 10-6 mol·L-1 group was the most distinct, and formed the most mineralized nodule. Compared with the 10-3 mol·L-1 puerarin group, those changes were markedly increased in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Puerarin has proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization effects on osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner, and has a double-way effect on the osteoblasts in vitro. A low-dose showed positive effects on the development of osteoblasts, and high-dose puerarin could inhibit the formation of bone.
