利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,在理想岛屿地形条件下设计了云的微物理冰相过程中水凝物中有霰和无霰的两个对比试验,考察了台风登陆时复杂冰相和简单冰相对台风移动路径、强度和降水增幅的影响。结果表明:1)云微物理...利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,在理想岛屿地形条件下设计了云的微物理冰相过程中水凝物中有霰和无霰的两个对比试验,考察了台风登陆时复杂冰相和简单冰相对台风移动路径、强度和降水增幅的影响。结果表明:1)云微物理过程中有霰的复杂冰相过程时,具有更强烈的云“播撒”效应,因而对台风降水具有明显增幅作用。2)当台风受到理想地形作用时,地形对云“播撒”效应引起的增幅作用具有放大作用,此时台风眼墙非绝热加热量形成明显增强中心,使得台风降水增幅明显。3)当台风登陆时,云微物理冰相过程使得台风越山时存在向西北指向的涡度变化倾向。展开更多
An analysis is made to investigate the structure features of the extensive heavy rainfall left by typhoon Matsa, after its landfall in China's Mainland in August 2005, based on a range of observational results, in...An analysis is made to investigate the structure features of the extensive heavy rainfall left by typhoon Matsa, after its landfall in China's Mainland in August 2005, based on a range of observational results, including surface intensive observation data, TBB data from China's FY-2 satellite, and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data. The study tries to explore the interaction between atmospheric waves, 3-D atmospheric structures, and typhoon rainbands. Observational facts, diagnostic analysis, and atmospheric wave theory are used to look into the formation mechanism of distant typhoon rainbands. Results show that (1) Matsa rainbands have the features of noticeable wave train distribution and long distance propaga-tion; (2) the typhoon rainbands extend as far as 2000 km northwardly from the typhoon center, with a wavelength of 500―1000 km and a wave period of 12―24 h; (3) the wave structure of Matsa rainbands is closely associated with the corresponding wave variation of the ambient 3-D atmospheric structures, including disturbance vorticity, divergence field, vertical motion field, water vapor flux divergence field, etc. (4) both observational facts and theoretical analysis show that the northward extending typhoon rainbands are associated with the mixed effects of atmospheric inertia wave and internal gravity wave; (5) only under proper atmospheric stratification and vertical wavenumber of gravity wave, can a ty-phoon stimulate such a wave being able to reach such a distance, and result in extending wavy rain-bands.展开更多
文摘利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,在理想岛屿地形条件下设计了云的微物理冰相过程中水凝物中有霰和无霰的两个对比试验,考察了台风登陆时复杂冰相和简单冰相对台风移动路径、强度和降水增幅的影响。结果表明:1)云微物理过程中有霰的复杂冰相过程时,具有更强烈的云“播撒”效应,因而对台风降水具有明显增幅作用。2)当台风受到理想地形作用时,地形对云“播撒”效应引起的增幅作用具有放大作用,此时台风眼墙非绝热加热量形成明显增强中心,使得台风降水增幅明显。3)当台风登陆时,云微物理冰相过程使得台风越山时存在向西北指向的涡度变化倾向。
基金Supported by the National Grand Fundamental Research 973 Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB418301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40675033, 40575018 and 40505009)
文摘An analysis is made to investigate the structure features of the extensive heavy rainfall left by typhoon Matsa, after its landfall in China's Mainland in August 2005, based on a range of observational results, including surface intensive observation data, TBB data from China's FY-2 satellite, and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data. The study tries to explore the interaction between atmospheric waves, 3-D atmospheric structures, and typhoon rainbands. Observational facts, diagnostic analysis, and atmospheric wave theory are used to look into the formation mechanism of distant typhoon rainbands. Results show that (1) Matsa rainbands have the features of noticeable wave train distribution and long distance propaga-tion; (2) the typhoon rainbands extend as far as 2000 km northwardly from the typhoon center, with a wavelength of 500―1000 km and a wave period of 12―24 h; (3) the wave structure of Matsa rainbands is closely associated with the corresponding wave variation of the ambient 3-D atmospheric structures, including disturbance vorticity, divergence field, vertical motion field, water vapor flux divergence field, etc. (4) both observational facts and theoretical analysis show that the northward extending typhoon rainbands are associated with the mixed effects of atmospheric inertia wave and internal gravity wave; (5) only under proper atmospheric stratification and vertical wavenumber of gravity wave, can a ty-phoon stimulate such a wave being able to reach such a distance, and result in extending wavy rain-bands.
