A Dream of Red Mansions is an ancient Chinese chapter-length fictional novel and the first of the Four Great Classical Novels of China. The judgments of the major characters within the book have been studied by many e...A Dream of Red Mansions is an ancient Chinese chapter-length fictional novel and the first of the Four Great Classical Novels of China. The judgments of the major characters within the book have been studied by many experts. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the translation strategies and their effects adopted by different translators for distinct translation purposes by comparing varied translations of the judgments and some of the allusions within them in the two English translations, Yang Xianyi and Hawkes.展开更多
Scutellariae Radix(SR), the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is used as an antipyretic drug and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory activity. SR is divided into two specifications, "Ku Qin"...Scutellariae Radix(SR), the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is used as an antipyretic drug and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory activity. SR is divided into two specifications, "Ku Qin"(KQ) and "Zi Qin"(ZQ), for use against different symptoms(upper energizer heat or lower portion of the triple energizer), according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). However, differences in the efficacies of these two specifications have not been determined. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the differences in the anti-inflammatory activities between KQ and ZQ and to explore how their differences are manifested in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced macrophages. Our results showed that, in RAW264.7 cells(a mouse macrophage cell line derived from ascites), KQ and ZQ displayed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the release of nitric oxide(NO), inducible NOS(iNOS), and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in a dose-dependent manner without distinction. In NR8383 cells(a rat alveolar macrophage cell line), KQ and ZQ displayed similar effects on NO, iNOS, and NF-κB as seen in RAW264.7 cells, but KQ showed a higher inhibition rate for NO and i NOS than that shown by ZQ at the same concentration. These results indicated that there were differences in efficacy between KQ and ZQ in treating lung inflammation. Our findings provided an experimental evidence supporting the different uses of KQ and ZQ in clinic, as noted in ancient herbal records.展开更多
文摘A Dream of Red Mansions is an ancient Chinese chapter-length fictional novel and the first of the Four Great Classical Novels of China. The judgments of the major characters within the book have been studied by many experts. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the translation strategies and their effects adopted by different translators for distinct translation purposes by comparing varied translations of the judgments and some of the allusions within them in the two English translations, Yang Xianyi and Hawkes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373921)
文摘Scutellariae Radix(SR), the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is used as an antipyretic drug and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory activity. SR is divided into two specifications, "Ku Qin"(KQ) and "Zi Qin"(ZQ), for use against different symptoms(upper energizer heat or lower portion of the triple energizer), according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). However, differences in the efficacies of these two specifications have not been determined. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the differences in the anti-inflammatory activities between KQ and ZQ and to explore how their differences are manifested in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced macrophages. Our results showed that, in RAW264.7 cells(a mouse macrophage cell line derived from ascites), KQ and ZQ displayed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the release of nitric oxide(NO), inducible NOS(iNOS), and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in a dose-dependent manner without distinction. In NR8383 cells(a rat alveolar macrophage cell line), KQ and ZQ displayed similar effects on NO, iNOS, and NF-κB as seen in RAW264.7 cells, but KQ showed a higher inhibition rate for NO and i NOS than that shown by ZQ at the same concentration. These results indicated that there were differences in efficacy between KQ and ZQ in treating lung inflammation. Our findings provided an experimental evidence supporting the different uses of KQ and ZQ in clinic, as noted in ancient herbal records.
