高等院校包括大学、学院和科研院所作为重要社会单元,能源资源消耗水平远高于社会平均水平,研究高校碳排放核算及碳中和路径,助力校园率先实现碳中和,可以为国家“双碳”目标的实现提供科技支撑。基于国外高等院校碳排放与碳中和相关研...高等院校包括大学、学院和科研院所作为重要社会单元,能源资源消耗水平远高于社会平均水平,研究高校碳排放核算及碳中和路径,助力校园率先实现碳中和,可以为国家“双碳”目标的实现提供科技支撑。基于国外高等院校碳排放与碳中和相关研究,指出高等院校碳排放主要包括3个范围。根据温室气体核算体系(Greenhouse Gas Protocol)提出的3个范围碳排放的核算方法和标准,通过梳理国内外高校及相关行业碳排放研究现状,归纳总结碳排放核算方案,并针对性地探讨提出相应的碳中和路径框架。高校碳排放核算和碳中和方案框架的建立不仅能够为国内高校实现碳中和提供路径借鉴,而且可以为各地区、各行业降低碳排放、实现碳中和提供理论依据和方法参考,对于推动高校在碳中和科技创新中所承担的特殊使命具有重要的指导意义。展开更多
In the context of climate change and human activities,flood disasters in arid mountainous areas have become increasingly frequent,and seriously threatened the safety of people's lives and property.Rapid and accura...In the context of climate change and human activities,flood disasters in arid mountainous areas have become increasingly frequent,and seriously threatened the safety of people's lives and property.Rapid and accurate flash flood inundation modelling is an essential foundational research area,which can aid in the reduction of casualties and the minimization of disaster losses;however,this modelling is also very difficult,and models need to be urgently developed to address flash flood forecasting and warnings.The objective of this study is to construct a numerical modelling method for flash floods in drylands.Based on a 2D high-resolution flood numerical model(Flood Map-Hydro Inundation2D),we hindcasted the dynamic process of flash flooding and show the spatio-temporal characteristics of flash flood inundation for the“8·18”flash flood disaster that occurred in Datong county,Qinghai province.The results showed that the model output effectively agreed with the observed inundation after the event in terms of both spatial extent and temporal process.Extensive flooding mainly occurred between 00:00 and 01:00 on August 18,2022.Qingshan,Hejiazhuang and Longwo villages were affected most heavily.We further conducted model sensitivity analysis and found that the model was highly sensitive to both roughness and hydraulic conductivity in drylands,and the effect of hydraulic conductivity was more pronounced.Our study confirmed the good performance of our model for the simulation of flash flooding in arid areas and provides a potential method for flash flood assessment and management in arid areas.展开更多
文摘高等院校包括大学、学院和科研院所作为重要社会单元,能源资源消耗水平远高于社会平均水平,研究高校碳排放核算及碳中和路径,助力校园率先实现碳中和,可以为国家“双碳”目标的实现提供科技支撑。基于国外高等院校碳排放与碳中和相关研究,指出高等院校碳排放主要包括3个范围。根据温室气体核算体系(Greenhouse Gas Protocol)提出的3个范围碳排放的核算方法和标准,通过梳理国内外高校及相关行业碳排放研究现状,归纳总结碳排放核算方案,并针对性地探讨提出相应的碳中和路径框架。高校碳排放核算和碳中和方案框架的建立不仅能够为国内高校实现碳中和提供路径借鉴,而且可以为各地区、各行业降低碳排放、实现碳中和提供理论依据和方法参考,对于推动高校在碳中和科技创新中所承担的特殊使命具有重要的指导意义。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871164。
文摘In the context of climate change and human activities,flood disasters in arid mountainous areas have become increasingly frequent,and seriously threatened the safety of people's lives and property.Rapid and accurate flash flood inundation modelling is an essential foundational research area,which can aid in the reduction of casualties and the minimization of disaster losses;however,this modelling is also very difficult,and models need to be urgently developed to address flash flood forecasting and warnings.The objective of this study is to construct a numerical modelling method for flash floods in drylands.Based on a 2D high-resolution flood numerical model(Flood Map-Hydro Inundation2D),we hindcasted the dynamic process of flash flooding and show the spatio-temporal characteristics of flash flood inundation for the“8·18”flash flood disaster that occurred in Datong county,Qinghai province.The results showed that the model output effectively agreed with the observed inundation after the event in terms of both spatial extent and temporal process.Extensive flooding mainly occurred between 00:00 and 01:00 on August 18,2022.Qingshan,Hejiazhuang and Longwo villages were affected most heavily.We further conducted model sensitivity analysis and found that the model was highly sensitive to both roughness and hydraulic conductivity in drylands,and the effect of hydraulic conductivity was more pronounced.Our study confirmed the good performance of our model for the simulation of flash flooding in arid areas and provides a potential method for flash flood assessment and management in arid areas.
