As an efficient immunostimulant,chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)can enhance the immunity of teleosts;however,the underlying molecular mechanisms still require elucidation.Competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs)are vital regula...As an efficient immunostimulant,chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)can enhance the immunity of teleosts;however,the underlying molecular mechanisms still require elucidation.Competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs)are vital regulators in the immune response,but their roles in half-smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)remain unclear.In this study,for the first time,we studied whole-transcriptome expression profiles and analyzed ceRNA networks in peripheral blood leukocytes of half-smooth tongue sole treated with COS.A total of 19 circRNAs(DE-circRNAs),18 miRNAs(DE-miRNAs)and 50 previously identified lncRNAs(DElncRNAs)were differentially expressed after COS stimulation.The DE-lncRNAs and DE-miRNAs targeted numerous immunity-related genes,and were enriched in important pathways,including MAPK and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways,suggesting the immunoregulatory roles of COS.Furthermore,we constructed circRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks using DE-circRNAs,DE-miRNAs,DE-lncRNAs,and DE-mRNAs.Additionally,a ceRNA network with immunity-related DEmRNAs was constructed,showing that 3 DE-circRNAs,12 DE-lncRNAs,and 29 DEGs exhibited crosstalk through 9 DE-miRNAs.Intriguingly,a DE-miRNA in the ceRNA network,miR-144-3p,was targeted by DE-lncRNA tnrc6a,and negatively regulated the genes of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinases(IKKs)(ikbkg,ikbkb,and ikbip)and c3ar1.Ikbkg,ikbkb,and c3ar1 were significantly up-regulated in macrophages stimulated by LPS.It could be inferred that ncRNAs participated in the immune and inflammatory response by acting as ceRNAs after COS stimulation in teleosts.These findings indicate that COS could enhance the immunity of teleosts by regulating ncRNAs,and lay the foundation for further practical application of COS in aquaculture.展开更多
目的:探讨德谷门冬双胰岛素联合达格列净治疗血糖控制不佳2型糖尿病患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2023年4月—2023年9月射阳县人民医院内分泌科收治的60例血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为门冬30组(给予门冬胰岛素30皮下注射联合口服...目的:探讨德谷门冬双胰岛素联合达格列净治疗血糖控制不佳2型糖尿病患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2023年4月—2023年9月射阳县人民医院内分泌科收治的60例血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为门冬30组(给予门冬胰岛素30皮下注射联合口服达格列净治疗)和德谷门冬组(给予德谷门冬双胰岛素皮下注射联合口服达格列净治疗),每组各30例。比较两组患者早空腹、午餐前、晚餐前及晚睡前各时间点的血糖水平、平均血糖、血糖标准差、血糖波动幅度、血糖控制达标时间及胰岛素使用剂量。结果:两组患者血糖控制达标后,德谷门冬组患者的早空腹血糖[(6.17±1.71) mmol/L vs (6.78±0.23) mmol/L]、血糖标准差[(1.48±0.31) mmol/L vs (1.64±0.28) mmol/L]、血糖波动幅度[(3.04±0.82) mmol/L vs (3.88±0.67) mmol/L]及血糖控制达标时间[(6.00±2.00)天vs (7.13±1.66)天]均显著低于门冬30组患者(均P<0.05)。结论:德谷门冬双胰岛素联合达格列净对血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者治疗效果较好,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2022YFD2400401)the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong(No.2021LZGC028)the Academician Special Program of Shandong Province(No.2023ZLYS02)。
文摘As an efficient immunostimulant,chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)can enhance the immunity of teleosts;however,the underlying molecular mechanisms still require elucidation.Competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs)are vital regulators in the immune response,but their roles in half-smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)remain unclear.In this study,for the first time,we studied whole-transcriptome expression profiles and analyzed ceRNA networks in peripheral blood leukocytes of half-smooth tongue sole treated with COS.A total of 19 circRNAs(DE-circRNAs),18 miRNAs(DE-miRNAs)and 50 previously identified lncRNAs(DElncRNAs)were differentially expressed after COS stimulation.The DE-lncRNAs and DE-miRNAs targeted numerous immunity-related genes,and were enriched in important pathways,including MAPK and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways,suggesting the immunoregulatory roles of COS.Furthermore,we constructed circRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks using DE-circRNAs,DE-miRNAs,DE-lncRNAs,and DE-mRNAs.Additionally,a ceRNA network with immunity-related DEmRNAs was constructed,showing that 3 DE-circRNAs,12 DE-lncRNAs,and 29 DEGs exhibited crosstalk through 9 DE-miRNAs.Intriguingly,a DE-miRNA in the ceRNA network,miR-144-3p,was targeted by DE-lncRNA tnrc6a,and negatively regulated the genes of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinases(IKKs)(ikbkg,ikbkb,and ikbip)and c3ar1.Ikbkg,ikbkb,and c3ar1 were significantly up-regulated in macrophages stimulated by LPS.It could be inferred that ncRNAs participated in the immune and inflammatory response by acting as ceRNAs after COS stimulation in teleosts.These findings indicate that COS could enhance the immunity of teleosts by regulating ncRNAs,and lay the foundation for further practical application of COS in aquaculture.
文摘目的:探讨德谷门冬双胰岛素联合达格列净治疗血糖控制不佳2型糖尿病患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2023年4月—2023年9月射阳县人民医院内分泌科收治的60例血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为门冬30组(给予门冬胰岛素30皮下注射联合口服达格列净治疗)和德谷门冬组(给予德谷门冬双胰岛素皮下注射联合口服达格列净治疗),每组各30例。比较两组患者早空腹、午餐前、晚餐前及晚睡前各时间点的血糖水平、平均血糖、血糖标准差、血糖波动幅度、血糖控制达标时间及胰岛素使用剂量。结果:两组患者血糖控制达标后,德谷门冬组患者的早空腹血糖[(6.17±1.71) mmol/L vs (6.78±0.23) mmol/L]、血糖标准差[(1.48±0.31) mmol/L vs (1.64±0.28) mmol/L]、血糖波动幅度[(3.04±0.82) mmol/L vs (3.88±0.67) mmol/L]及血糖控制达标时间[(6.00±2.00)天vs (7.13±1.66)天]均显著低于门冬30组患者(均P<0.05)。结论:德谷门冬双胰岛素联合达格列净对血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者治疗效果较好,值得临床推广应用。
