PDCD6 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Metastasis through the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin Pathway

Objective Programmed cell death 6(PDCD6), a Ca~(2+)-binding protein, has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in all kinds of tumors. The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of PDCD6 in hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).Methods The expression levels of PDCD6 in liver cancer patients and HCC cell lines were analyzed using bioinformatics and Western blotting. Cell viability and metastasis were determined by methylthiazol tetrazolium(MTT) and transwell assays, respectively. And Western blotting was used to test related biomarkers and molecular pathway factors in HCC cell lines. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor inhibiting AKT, was used to suppress the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway to help evaluate the role of this pathway in the HCC carcinogenesis associated with PDCD6.Results The analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Database suggested that high PDCD6 expression levels were relevant to liver cancer progression. This was consistent with our finding of higher levels of PDCD6 expression in HCC cell lines than in normal hepatocyte cell lines. The results of MTT, transwell migration, and Western blotting assays revealed that overexpression of PDCD6 positively regulated HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conversely, the upregulation of PDCD6 expression in the presence of an AKT inhibitor inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, PDCD6promoted HCC cell migration and invasion by epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The mechanistic investigation proved that PDCD6 acted as a tumor promoter in HCC through the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, increasing the expression of transcription factors and cellular proliferation and metastasis.Conclusion PDCD6 has a tumor stimulative role in HCC mediated by AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling and might be a potential target for HCC progression.

On-Site Assessment of a Cryogenic Disinfectant for the Alpine Environment and Outer Packaging of Frozen Items

Objective To study the effectiveness and feasibility of cryogenic disinfectants in different cold scenarios and analyze the key points of on-site cryogenic disinfection.Methods Qingdao and Suifenhe were selected as application sites for the manual or mechanical spraying of cryogenic disinfectants.The same amount of disinfectant(3,000 mg/L)was applied on cold chain food packaging,cold chain containers,transport vehicles,alpine environments,and article surfaces.The killing log value of the cryogenic disinfectant against the indicator microorganisms(Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli)was used to evaluate the on-site disinfection effect.Results When using 3,000 mg/L with an action time of 10 min on the ground in alpine regions,the surface of frozen items,cold-chain containers,and cold chain food packaging in supermarkets,all external surfaces were successfully disinfected,with a pass rate of 100%.The disinfection pass rates for cold chain food packaging and cold chain transport vehicles of centralized supervised warehouses and food processing enterprises were 12.5%(15/120),81.67%(49/60),and 93.33%(14/15),respectively;yet,the surfaces were not fully sprayed.Conclusion Cryogenic disinfectants are effective in disinfecting alpine environments and the outer packaging of frozen items.The application of cryogenic disinfectants should be regulated to ensure that they cover all surfaces of the disinfected object,thus ensuring effective cryogenic disinfection.

Polyphyllin D induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest via Dysfunction of Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Liver Cancer Cells

Liver cancer is a frequently occurring malignancy with a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths[1]. Many chemotherapeutic drugs are extensively used to treat liver cancer, such as doxorubicin and cisplatin. However, these drugs have shown poor treatment effects in clinical trials because of acquired resistance and the high heterogeneity of liver cancer[2]. Therefore.

代表性鱼类物种全基因组测序研究进展

鱼类不仅是脊椎动物中种类最多的一个类群,还是研究脊椎动物演化过程的重要环节之一。基于已完成全基因组测序的鱼类代表性物种信息,从鱼类的基因组倍增、重要基因的演化、免疫系统的演化等3个主要方面进行了概述,以期了解脊椎动物从原始无颌类到软骨鱼类再到硬骨鱼类演化过程中发生的基因组或基因变化,为今后鱼类进化基因组学研究提供一定的参考。

热声旋转发电的数值与实验研究

介绍了一种可用于热声发电的新型旋转机械式声-电转换方式,并针对其中的双向透平开展了数值与实验研究。采用稳定来流与可压缩交变来流相结合的方式,优化设计了一套百瓦级定导流叶片的双向冲击式透平结构,并完成了其在常压下稳定来流工况的输出特性测试,考察了定转速与定负载输出特性变化。实验获得透平最大输出功率为230 W,最大效率为51%(转速4 000 r/min,对应输出功率83 W,流量系数1.9)。将实验与数值计算进行了对比分析,结果表明:二维计算由于未计入叶片旋转速度径向差异以及叶顶泄漏的影响,定量上与实验值存在明显差异,但对系统性能的预测仍具有指导意义。采用三维模型给出了交变流动下的透平性能预测,计算结果与实验结果符合良好。此项工作可为进一步优化与分析交变流动下的双向透平提供指导。