人工神经网络在肝癌相关研究中的应用现状

肝癌的攻克,是世界卫生组织迫切解决的一大难题。精准医学的出现为提高肝癌诊疗水平带来希望,但临床医生很难对精准医学多维度多角度的大量资料进行有效分析与整合,难以为肝癌患者提供最优的治疗方案。人工神经网络具有强大的整合、分析和自主学习能力,能有效提高肝癌患者诊断、分期、预后和治疗的准确率,对肝癌的精准医学发展具有重大意义。因此,本文就ANNs在肝癌领域的应用现状进行综述。

microRNA-200a在肝病发生发展中的作用

microRNA(miRNA)是一类小分子非编码RNA,能通过调控基因表达参与细胞的增殖和凋亡等多个环节。越来越多的证据表明miRNA-200a参与非酒精性脂肪性肝病、酒精性肝病、药物性肝损伤、肝纤维化以及肝细胞癌的发生发展,本文总结了关于miRNA-200a通过靶向其不同的下游靶基因,调控相关信号通路进而在多种肝病的进展中发挥的不同的作用,为探索多种肝病的机制研究提供参考。

Application status of artificial neural network in related research of liver cancer

The overcoming of liver cancer is a major problem urgently to be solved by the World Health Organization.The emergence of precision medicine brings hope to improving the level of diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer,but it is difficult for clinicians to effectively analyze and integrate a large amount of data from multiple dimensions and angles of precision medicine,so it is difficult totthem to provide the best treatment plan for liver cancer patients.Artificial neural networks have powerful integration,analysis and autonomous learning capabilities,which can effectively improve the accuracy of diagnosis,staging,prognosis and treatment of liver cancer patients,and are of great significance to the development of precision medicine for liver cancer.Therefore,this article reviews the application status of Artificial neural networks in the field of liver cancer.

The role of microRNA-155 in the development and diagnosis of liver disease

microRNA(miRNA)is a type of single-stranded small molecule non-coding RNA that interacts with the 3'untranslated region of the target gene to achieve negative regulation of the target gene and participate in multiple links of cell proliferation and apoptosis.At present,there is evidence that miRNA-155 is involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of liver diseases.By consulting relevant literature reports,this article summarizes the effects of miRNA-155 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic liver disease,viral hepatitis,acute liver failure,and liver disease.The research progress of fibrosis and liver cancer in a variety of liver diseases,and the potential of miRNA-155 as a non-invasive biomarker is analyzed to provide a reference for exploring the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.

The role of microRNA-200a in the occurrence and development of liver disease

microRNA(miRNA)is a type of small non-coding RNA that can participate in cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating gene expression.More and more evidences indicate that miRNA-200a is involved in the occurrence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic liver disease,drug-induced liver injury,liver fibrosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.Downstream target genes of serotonin,regulating related signal pathways and playing different roles in the progression of a variety of liver diseases,provide a reference for exploring the mechanism of a variety of chronic liver diseases.

中药对肝细胞癌相关信号通路的影响及潜在机制

肝细胞癌(HCC)是一种发病隐匿、高发病率、高致死率的恶性肿瘤,对人类身心健康构成了重大威胁,但其病理机制仍需进一步研究。手术、放疗、化疗和靶向药等治疗方法给肝细胞癌带来良好作用的同时也带来许多不良反应。然而,中医药在治疗肝细胞癌发挥着独特的优势,目前除了在临床实践中不断丰富中医药治疗肝细胞的理论外,从分子生物学角度分析中医药对肝细胞癌的作用通路、靶点及作用机制的研究发展迅速。笔者通过阅读国内外文献发现,中医药无论是单体还是复方,通过多通路、多途径、多靶点直接或间接阻止了HCC的发生和进展,与细胞增殖、转移、细胞凋亡、自噬、炎症反应、免疫应答等生理病理过程息息相关。该文对中医药抗肝细胞癌的作用通路与发生机制的国内外文献进行分析、归纳并总结,其中包括异甘草素、铁皮石斛、叶下珠复方Ⅱ号等可以调控磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)信号通路,抑制肿瘤细胞生长、增殖和降低转移率;蟾蜍毒、薯蓣皂荚等通过调节哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路,诱导和增强HCC自噬;杨梅素、芦笋、鳖甲煎丸等调节丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路,促进HCC细胞周期停滞、抑制血管生成和诱导细胞凋亡;萹蓄、四棱、车前草苷等对核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路进行调控,抑制炎症反应、抑制HCC转移和降低耐药性;槲皮素、灯盏花等调节Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶2/信号转导子及转录激活子3(JAK2/STAT3)信号通路,抑制上皮-间质转化(EMT)事件和重塑细胞骨架等。以上总结旨在为中医药治疗肝细胞癌的深入研究及其临床应用提供理论依据。