Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous system.Lipid droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic...Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous system.Lipid droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic reticulum.Previously,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous system.In addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress responses.Furthermore,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial cells.Dysregulation of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system diseases.This review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and functions.Additionally,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative disorders.Understanding the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.展开更多
基于COMSOL仿真平台,建立一维电化学模型,研究放电电流密度、氧气浓度、氧气扩散速率以及Li+扩散系数等因素对电池性能影响。结果表明:当放电电流密度从0.05 m A/cm^2增大到0.5 m A/cm^2时,锂空气电池的放电比容量由1256.4 m A?h/g下降...基于COMSOL仿真平台,建立一维电化学模型,研究放电电流密度、氧气浓度、氧气扩散速率以及Li+扩散系数等因素对电池性能影响。结果表明:当放电电流密度从0.05 m A/cm^2增大到0.5 m A/cm^2时,锂空气电池的放电比容量由1256.4 m A?h/g下降到139.2 m A?h/g;在放电电流密度为0.1m A/cm^2条件下,外界氧气浓度从4.73mol/m^3增加到18.92 mol/m^3时,电池比容量从371.2 m A?h/g增加到1274.5 m A?h/g,表明提高外部环境的氧气浓度有助于提高电池比容量;氧气扩散速率为电池反应的速度控制步骤。当氧气扩散系数从3.5×10-10 m^2/s提高到7×10-9 m^2/s时,电池的容量从373.0 m A?h/g增加到2352.1 m A?h/g;而提高Li+的扩散系数对电池的比容量几乎没有影响。展开更多
Near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs)have wide application prospects.Therefore,we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule,TPATHCNE,in which triphenylami...Near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs)have wide application prospects.Therefore,we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule,TPATHCNE,in which triphenylamine and thiophene are utilized as the donors and fumaronitrile is applied as the acceptor.We systematically investigate its molecular structure and photophysical property.TPATHCNE shows high T_(g) of 110℃ and T_(d) of 385℃ and displays an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)property.A narrow optical bandgap of 1.65 eV is obtained.The non-doped film of TPATHCNE exhibits a high PLQY of 40.3%with an emission peak at 732 nm,which is among the best values of NIR emitters.When TPATHCNE is applied in organic light-emitting diode(OLED),the electroluminescent peak is located at 716 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.83%.With the potential in cell imaging,the polystyrene maleic anhydride(PMSA)modified TPATHCNE nanoparticles(NPs)emit strong fluorescence when labeling HeLa cancer cells,suggesting that TPATHCNE can be used as a fluorescent carrier for specific staining or drug delivery for cellular imaging.TPATHCNE NPs fabricated by bovine serum protein(BSA)are cultivated with mononuclear yeast cells,and the intense intracellular red fluorescence indicates that it can be adopted as a specific stain for imaging.展开更多
基金funded by Basic Research Program of Shanghai,No.20JC1412200(to JW)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2020YFA0113000(to RCZ)。
文摘Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous system.Lipid droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic reticulum.Previously,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous system.In addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress responses.Furthermore,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial cells.Dysregulation of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system diseases.This review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and functions.Additionally,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative disorders.Understanding the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.
文摘基于COMSOL仿真平台,建立一维电化学模型,研究放电电流密度、氧气浓度、氧气扩散速率以及Li+扩散系数等因素对电池性能影响。结果表明:当放电电流密度从0.05 m A/cm^2增大到0.5 m A/cm^2时,锂空气电池的放电比容量由1256.4 m A?h/g下降到139.2 m A?h/g;在放电电流密度为0.1m A/cm^2条件下,外界氧气浓度从4.73mol/m^3增加到18.92 mol/m^3时,电池比容量从371.2 m A?h/g增加到1274.5 m A?h/g,表明提高外部环境的氧气浓度有助于提高电池比容量;氧气扩散速率为电池反应的速度控制步骤。当氧气扩散系数从3.5×10-10 m^2/s提高到7×10-9 m^2/s时,电池的容量从373.0 m A?h/g增加到2352.1 m A?h/g;而提高Li+的扩散系数对电池的比容量几乎没有影响。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22075100).
文摘Near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs)have wide application prospects.Therefore,we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule,TPATHCNE,in which triphenylamine and thiophene are utilized as the donors and fumaronitrile is applied as the acceptor.We systematically investigate its molecular structure and photophysical property.TPATHCNE shows high T_(g) of 110℃ and T_(d) of 385℃ and displays an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)property.A narrow optical bandgap of 1.65 eV is obtained.The non-doped film of TPATHCNE exhibits a high PLQY of 40.3%with an emission peak at 732 nm,which is among the best values of NIR emitters.When TPATHCNE is applied in organic light-emitting diode(OLED),the electroluminescent peak is located at 716 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.83%.With the potential in cell imaging,the polystyrene maleic anhydride(PMSA)modified TPATHCNE nanoparticles(NPs)emit strong fluorescence when labeling HeLa cancer cells,suggesting that TPATHCNE can be used as a fluorescent carrier for specific staining or drug delivery for cellular imaging.TPATHCNE NPs fabricated by bovine serum protein(BSA)are cultivated with mononuclear yeast cells,and the intense intracellular red fluorescence indicates that it can be adopted as a specific stain for imaging.
