Due to the rise of 5G,IoT,AI,and high-performance computing applications,datacenter trafc has grown at a compound annual growth rate of nearly 30%.Furthermore,nearly three-fourths of the datacenter trafc resides withi...Due to the rise of 5G,IoT,AI,and high-performance computing applications,datacenter trafc has grown at a compound annual growth rate of nearly 30%.Furthermore,nearly three-fourths of the datacenter trafc resides within datacenters.The conventional pluggable optics increases at a much slower rate than that of datacenter trafc.The gap between application requirements and the capability of conventional pluggable optics keeps increasing,a trend that is unsustainable.Copackaged optics(CPO)is a disruptive approach to increasing the interconnecting bandwidth density and energy efciency by dramatically shortening the electrical link length through advanced packaging and co-optimization of electronics and photonics.CPO is widely regarded as a promising solution for future datacenter interconnections,and silicon platform is the most promising platform for large-scale integration.Leading international companies(e.g.,Intel,Broadcom and IBM)have heavily investigated in CPO technology,an inter-disciplinary research feld that involves photonic devices,integrated circuits design,packaging,photonic device modeling,electronic-photonic co-simulation,applications,and standardization.This review aims to provide the readers a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art progress of CPO in silicon platform,identify the key challenges,and point out the potential solutions,hoping to encourage collaboration between diferent research felds to accelerate the development of CPO technology.展开更多
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 2×2 thermo-optic(TO) crossbar switch implemented by dual photonic crystal nanobeam(PCN)cavities within a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.By thermally tuning the refra...We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 2×2 thermo-optic(TO) crossbar switch implemented by dual photonic crystal nanobeam(PCN)cavities within a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.By thermally tuning the refractive index of silicon,the resonance wavelength of the PCN cavities can be red-shifted.With the help of the ultrasmall mode volumes of the PCN cavities,only~0.16 mW power is needed to change the switching state.With a spectral passband of 0.09 nm at the 1583.75 nm operation wavelength,the insertion loss(IL)and crosstalk(CT)performances were measured as IL(bar)=-0.2 dB,CT(bar)=-15 dB,IL(cross)=-1.5 dB,and CT(cross)=-15 dB.Furthermore,the thermal tuning efficiency of the fabricated device is as high as1.23 nm/mW.展开更多
Mode-and polarization-division multiplexing offer new dimensions to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications. Selective switches are key components in reconfigurable optical network nodes. An on-ch...Mode-and polarization-division multiplexing offer new dimensions to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications. Selective switches are key components in reconfigurable optical network nodes. An on-chip silicon 2 × 2 mode-and polarization-selective switch that can route four data channels on two modes and two polarizations simultaneously is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The overall insertion losses are lower than 8.6 d B. To reduce the inter-modal crosstalk, polarization beam splitters are added to filter the undesired polarizations or modes. The measured inter-modal andintra-modal crosstalk values are below-23.2 and-22.8 d B for all the channels, respectively.展开更多
In this paper, we review our recent work on thermo-optic all-optical devices based on two-dimensional(2 D)materials. The unique properties of 2 D materials enable fast and highly efficient thermo-optic control of ligh...In this paper, we review our recent work on thermo-optic all-optical devices based on two-dimensional(2 D)materials. The unique properties of 2 D materials enable fast and highly efficient thermo-optic control of light.A few all-optical devices are demonstrated based on various thermo-optic mechanisms. Both fiber and integrated devices will be shown.展开更多
Optical directed logic(DL)is a novel logic operation scheme that employs electrical signals as operands to control the working states of optical switches to perform the logic functions.This review first provides an ov...Optical directed logic(DL)is a novel logic operation scheme that employs electrical signals as operands to control the working states of optical switches to perform the logic functions.This review first provides an overview of the concept and working principle of DL.The developing trends of DL computing are then discussed in detail,including the fundamental optical DL gates,combinational optical DL operations,reconfigurable logic computing,low power optical logic computing,and programmable photonic network.The concluding remarks provide an outlook on the DL future development and its impacts in optical computing.展开更多
We experimentally demonstrate high-efficiency and broadband four-wave mixing in a silicon-graphene strip waveguide. A four-wave mixing conversion efficiency of -38.7 d B and a 3-dB conversion bandwidth of 35 nm are ac...We experimentally demonstrate high-efficiency and broadband four-wave mixing in a silicon-graphene strip waveguide. A four-wave mixing conversion efficiency of -38.7 d B and a 3-dB conversion bandwidth of 35 nm are achieved in the silicon-graphene strip waveguide with an optimized light-graphene interaction length of 60 μm. The interaction length is controlled by a windowed area of silica layer on the silicon waveguide.Numerical simulations and experimental studies are carried out and show a nonlinear parameter γGOSas large as 10~4 W^(-1)· m^(-1).展开更多
We propose and experimentally demonstrate compact on-chip 1×2 wavelength selective switches(WSSs) based on silicon microring resonators(MRRs) with nested pairs of subrings(NPSs). Owing to the resonance splitting ...We propose and experimentally demonstrate compact on-chip 1×2 wavelength selective switches(WSSs) based on silicon microring resonators(MRRs) with nested pairs of subrings(NPSs). Owing to the resonance splitting induced by the inner NPSs, the proposed devices are capable of performing selective channel routing at certain resonance wavelengths of the outer MRRs. System demonstration of dynamic channel routing using fabricated devices with one and two NPSs is carried out for 10 Gb∕s non-return-to-zero signal. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the fabricated devices as compact on-chip WSSs.展开更多
Mode-and polarization-division multiplexing are new promising options to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications.On-chip silicon polarization and mode handling devices are key components in integr...Mode-and polarization-division multiplexing are new promising options to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications.On-chip silicon polarization and mode handling devices are key components in integrated mode-and polarization-division multi-plexed photonic circuits.In this paper,we review our recent progresses on silicon-based polarization beam splitters,polarization splitters and rotators,mode(de)multiplexers,and mode and polarization selective switches.Silicon polarization beam splitters and rotators are demonstrated with high extinction ratio,compact footprint and high fabrication tolerance.For on-chip mode multiplexing,we introduce a low loss and fabrication tolerant three-mode(de)multiplexer employing sub-wavelength grating structure.In analogy to a conventional wavelength selective switch in wavelength-division multi-plexing,we demonstrate a selective switch that can route mode-and polarization-multiplexed signals.展开更多
Graphene is a 2D material which has attracted tremendous interest from academia and industry,due to its attractive electrical and optical properties.By integrating graphene onto silicon photonics platform,various high...Graphene is a 2D material which has attracted tremendous interest from academia and industry,due to its attractive electrical and optical properties.By integrating graphene onto silicon photonics platform,various high-performance electrooptic and thermo-optic modulators have been demonstrated.In this paper,such graphene-based optical modulators are reviewed.The concept and principle of optical modulations are firstly analyzed and then an overview of the developing trends of optical modulators is presented.Meanwhile,the performances of graphene-based optical modulators,including power consumptions and speeds of electro-optic modulators as well as tuning efficiencies of thermo-optic modulators,are then evaluated and discussed in detail.All these optical modulators would play important roles in a wide range of applications including telecom,interconnects,computing,quantum information processing,and beam steering.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFB2203004).
文摘Due to the rise of 5G,IoT,AI,and high-performance computing applications,datacenter trafc has grown at a compound annual growth rate of nearly 30%.Furthermore,nearly three-fourths of the datacenter trafc resides within datacenters.The conventional pluggable optics increases at a much slower rate than that of datacenter trafc.The gap between application requirements and the capability of conventional pluggable optics keeps increasing,a trend that is unsustainable.Copackaged optics(CPO)is a disruptive approach to increasing the interconnecting bandwidth density and energy efciency by dramatically shortening the electrical link length through advanced packaging and co-optimization of electronics and photonics.CPO is widely regarded as a promising solution for future datacenter interconnections,and silicon platform is the most promising platform for large-scale integration.Leading international companies(e.g.,Intel,Broadcom and IBM)have heavily investigated in CPO technology,an inter-disciplinary research feld that involves photonic devices,integrated circuits design,packaging,photonic device modeling,electronic-photonic co-simulation,applications,and standardization.This review aims to provide the readers a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art progress of CPO in silicon platform,identify the key challenges,and point out the potential solutions,hoping to encourage collaboration between diferent research felds to accelerate the development of CPO technology.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61235007,61505104,61605112)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(15ZR1422800,16XD1401400)National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0402501)
文摘We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 2×2 thermo-optic(TO) crossbar switch implemented by dual photonic crystal nanobeam(PCN)cavities within a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.By thermally tuning the refractive index of silicon,the resonance wavelength of the PCN cavities can be red-shifted.With the help of the ultrasmall mode volumes of the PCN cavities,only~0.16 mW power is needed to change the switching state.With a spectral passband of 0.09 nm at the 1583.75 nm operation wavelength,the insertion loss(IL)and crosstalk(CT)performances were measured as IL(bar)=-0.2 dB,CT(bar)=-15 dB,IL(cross)=-1.5 dB,and CT(cross)=-15 dB.Furthermore,the thermal tuning efficiency of the fabricated device is as high as1.23 nm/mW.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61235007,61505104,61605112)863 High-Tech Program(2015AA017001)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(STCSM)(15ZR1422800,16XD1401400)
文摘Mode-and polarization-division multiplexing offer new dimensions to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications. Selective switches are key components in reconfigurable optical network nodes. An on-chip silicon 2 × 2 mode-and polarization-selective switch that can route four data channels on two modes and two polarizations simultaneously is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The overall insertion losses are lower than 8.6 d B. To reduce the inter-modal crosstalk, polarization beam splitters are added to filter the undesired polarizations or modes. The measured inter-modal andintra-modal crosstalk values are below-23.2 and-22.8 d B for all the channels, respectively.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61505104,61505105,61535006)Open Fund of IPOC(BUPT)
文摘In this paper, we review our recent work on thermo-optic all-optical devices based on two-dimensional(2 D)materials. The unique properties of 2 D materials enable fast and highly efficient thermo-optic control of light.A few all-optical devices are demonstrated based on various thermo-optic mechanisms. Both fiber and integrated devices will be shown.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFB2205204)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(No.2019WNLOKF003)+1 种基金the“Shuguang Program”supported by the Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.lzujbky-2021-pd11)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61875120 and 62075091).
文摘Optical directed logic(DL)is a novel logic operation scheme that employs electrical signals as operands to control the working states of optical switches to perform the logic functions.This review first provides an overview of the concept and working principle of DL.The developing trends of DL computing are then discussed in detail,including the fundamental optical DL gates,combinational optical DL operations,reconfigurable logic computing,low power optical logic computing,and programmable photonic network.The concluding remarks provide an outlook on the DL future development and its impacts in optical computing.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0402501)
文摘We experimentally demonstrate high-efficiency and broadband four-wave mixing in a silicon-graphene strip waveguide. A four-wave mixing conversion efficiency of -38.7 d B and a 3-dB conversion bandwidth of 35 nm are achieved in the silicon-graphene strip waveguide with an optimized light-graphene interaction length of 60 μm. The interaction length is controlled by a windowed area of silica layer on the silicon waveguide.Numerical simulations and experimental studies are carried out and show a nonlinear parameter γGOSas large as 10~4 W^(-1)· m^(-1).
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61125504/61235007in part by the 863 High-Tech Program under Grant 2013AA013402
文摘We propose and experimentally demonstrate compact on-chip 1×2 wavelength selective switches(WSSs) based on silicon microring resonators(MRRs) with nested pairs of subrings(NPSs). Owing to the resonance splitting induced by the inner NPSs, the proposed devices are capable of performing selective channel routing at certain resonance wavelengths of the outer MRRs. System demonstration of dynamic channel routing using fabricated devices with one and two NPSs is carried out for 10 Gb∕s non-return-to-zero signal. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the fabricated devices as compact on-chip WSSs.
基金We thank Prof. Richard Soref, Prof. Xiaoqing Jiang, Prof. Jianyi Yang, and Prof. Christine Tremblay et al. for their helpful discussion and contributions. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 61605112, 61235007, 61505104), in part by the 863 High-Tech Program (No. 2015AA017001), and in part by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Nos. 15ZR1422800, 16XD1401400). We thank the Center for Advanced Electronic Materials and Devices (AEMD) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University for the support in device fabrications.
文摘Mode-and polarization-division multiplexing are new promising options to increase the transmission capacity of optical communications.On-chip silicon polarization and mode handling devices are key components in integrated mode-and polarization-division multi-plexed photonic circuits.In this paper,we review our recent progresses on silicon-based polarization beam splitters,polarization splitters and rotators,mode(de)multiplexers,and mode and polarization selective switches.Silicon polarization beam splitters and rotators are demonstrated with high extinction ratio,compact footprint and high fabrication tolerance.For on-chip mode multiplexing,we introduce a low loss and fabrication tolerant three-mode(de)multiplexer employing sub-wavelength grating structure.In analogy to a conventional wavelength selective switch in wavelength-division multi-plexing,we demonstrate a selective switch that can route mode-and polarization-multiplexed signals.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFB2205204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61875120)the“Shuguang Program”supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
文摘Graphene is a 2D material which has attracted tremendous interest from academia and industry,due to its attractive electrical and optical properties.By integrating graphene onto silicon photonics platform,various high-performance electrooptic and thermo-optic modulators have been demonstrated.In this paper,such graphene-based optical modulators are reviewed.The concept and principle of optical modulations are firstly analyzed and then an overview of the developing trends of optical modulators is presented.Meanwhile,the performances of graphene-based optical modulators,including power consumptions and speeds of electro-optic modulators as well as tuning efficiencies of thermo-optic modulators,are then evaluated and discussed in detail.All these optical modulators would play important roles in a wide range of applications including telecom,interconnects,computing,quantum information processing,and beam steering.