Wetlands play an important ecological role and provide many functions for people, yet wetlands are cur- rently decreasing and deteriorating. The ability to calculate an economic value for the loss of wetlands is becom...Wetlands play an important ecological role and provide many functions for people, yet wetlands are cur- rently decreasing and deteriorating. The ability to calculate an economic value for the loss of wetlands is becoming in- creasingly important for policy makers. In this study, remote sensing, field investigations, department visits, and other methods were used to survey wetland types, assess wetland area changes, and calculate wetland economic value. Mar- ket value loss and ecological ftmction value loss, caused by reduction of wetland area and environmental pollution were calculated using commonly accepted methods of market valuation, ecological valuation, environmental protection investment cost analysis, and outcome parameters. According to market value loss and ecological function value loss, preliminarily fund allocation for wetland and ecological compensation was calculated. This will provide an important reference for future Yellow River Delta eco-compensation studies.展开更多
Agilawood is a costly heartwood medicine obtained from Aquilaria sinensis with active ingredients mainly composed of volatile and semi-volatile substances. However, the formation time of agilawood is quite long and li...Agilawood is a costly heartwood medicine obtained from Aquilaria sinensis with active ingredients mainly composed of volatile and semi-volatile substances. However, the formation time of agilawood is quite long and little is known about its formation mechanism. Two highly active fungi obtained from natural agilawood were inoculated on A. sinensis trees to understand their interaction processes and elucidate the transformation rules of induced chemical compositions within different test periods. The results demonstrated that the fungi could successfully colonize living tissues and cells and activate the host defense system, resulting in agilawood accumulation. With increasing time, the main components of A. sinensis converted into constituents or analogs of agilawood and the host exhibited "self-injury" to prevent fungal intrusion and protect other tissues. The data presented here could provide scientific basis for producing agilawood with the two new fungi in a safe, feasible, and sustainable manner without destroying rare Aquilaria plants.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Scientific and Technological Projects of Shandong Province (No. 2006GG2206019, 2007 GG30006002)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40901065)
文摘Wetlands play an important ecological role and provide many functions for people, yet wetlands are cur- rently decreasing and deteriorating. The ability to calculate an economic value for the loss of wetlands is becoming in- creasingly important for policy makers. In this study, remote sensing, field investigations, department visits, and other methods were used to survey wetland types, assess wetland area changes, and calculate wetland economic value. Mar- ket value loss and ecological ftmction value loss, caused by reduction of wetland area and environmental pollution were calculated using commonly accepted methods of market valuation, ecological valuation, environmental protection investment cost analysis, and outcome parameters. According to market value loss and ecological function value loss, preliminarily fund allocation for wetland and ecological compensation was calculated. This will provide an important reference for future Yellow River Delta eco-compensation studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31170016, 31270383)
文摘Agilawood is a costly heartwood medicine obtained from Aquilaria sinensis with active ingredients mainly composed of volatile and semi-volatile substances. However, the formation time of agilawood is quite long and little is known about its formation mechanism. Two highly active fungi obtained from natural agilawood were inoculated on A. sinensis trees to understand their interaction processes and elucidate the transformation rules of induced chemical compositions within different test periods. The results demonstrated that the fungi could successfully colonize living tissues and cells and activate the host defense system, resulting in agilawood accumulation. With increasing time, the main components of A. sinensis converted into constituents or analogs of agilawood and the host exhibited "self-injury" to prevent fungal intrusion and protect other tissues. The data presented here could provide scientific basis for producing agilawood with the two new fungi in a safe, feasible, and sustainable manner without destroying rare Aquilaria plants.
