Understanding the hydrological processes of forest ecosystems in Tibetan Plateau is crucial for protecting water resources and the environment, especially considering that evapotranspiration is the most dominant hydro...Understanding the hydrological processes of forest ecosystems in Tibetan Plateau is crucial for protecting water resources and the environment, especially considering that evapotranspiration is the most dominant hydrologic process in most forest systems. SHAW, as a physically based, hydrological model, provides a useful tool for understanding and analyzing evapotranspiration processes. Using the measured data of a faber fir forest ecosystem in eastern Tibetan Plateau, this paper assessed the model performance in simulating evapotranspiration and variability and transferability of the model parameters. Comparison of the simulated results by SHAW to the measured data showed that SHAW performed satisfactorily. Based on analyzing the simulated results by the calibrated and validated SHAW, some ET characteristics of faber fir forest ecosys-tem in the eastern Tibetan Plateau were found: 1) Daily plant transpiration is low, and daily ET mainly comes from surface evaporation including canopy, litter and soil evaporation. Peak ET rate was approxi-mately 4mm/day, occurring around late July. 2) Solar radiation is the most important factor accounting for daily ET variation, while air temperature is the secondary, wind speed and air relative humidity are minor and soil water storage is the least important among all the related factors. 3) The ratio of annual ET to pre-cipitation for the faber fir forest ecosystem in eastern Tibetan Plateau is low (18%) compared with the other forest ecosystems owing to high-elevation, high atmospheric humidity and low annual temperature.展开更多
Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene identified as a recurrent breakpoint of Burkitt’s lymphomas. Human PVT1 gene is located on region 8q24.21, a well-known cancer risk r...Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene identified as a recurrent breakpoint of Burkitt’s lymphomas. Human PVT1 gene is located on region 8q24.21, a well-known cancer risk region, and encodes at least 26 linear ncRNA isoforms and 26 circular RNA isoforms, as well as 6 microRNAs. Several PVT1 functioning models have been reported recently such as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity and regulating protein stability of oncogenes, especially MYC oncogene. The promoter of PVT1 gene is a boundary element of tumor-suppressor DNA. CircPVT1 derived from PVT1 gene is also a critical non-coding oncogenic RNA. Although substantial advancements have been made in understanding the roles of PVT1 in cancer recently, the detailed mechanisms underlying its functions remain unclear. Herein, we summarize the recent progressions on the mechanisms underlying PVT1 regulated gene expression at different levels. We also discuss the interaction between lncRNA and protein, RNA and DNA, as well as the potential cancer therapy strategy by targeting these networks.展开更多
文摘Understanding the hydrological processes of forest ecosystems in Tibetan Plateau is crucial for protecting water resources and the environment, especially considering that evapotranspiration is the most dominant hydrologic process in most forest systems. SHAW, as a physically based, hydrological model, provides a useful tool for understanding and analyzing evapotranspiration processes. Using the measured data of a faber fir forest ecosystem in eastern Tibetan Plateau, this paper assessed the model performance in simulating evapotranspiration and variability and transferability of the model parameters. Comparison of the simulated results by SHAW to the measured data showed that SHAW performed satisfactorily. Based on analyzing the simulated results by the calibrated and validated SHAW, some ET characteristics of faber fir forest ecosys-tem in the eastern Tibetan Plateau were found: 1) Daily plant transpiration is low, and daily ET mainly comes from surface evaporation including canopy, litter and soil evaporation. Peak ET rate was approxi-mately 4mm/day, occurring around late July. 2) Solar radiation is the most important factor accounting for daily ET variation, while air temperature is the secondary, wind speed and air relative humidity are minor and soil water storage is the least important among all the related factors. 3) The ratio of annual ET to pre-cipitation for the faber fir forest ecosystem in eastern Tibetan Plateau is low (18%) compared with the other forest ecosystems owing to high-elevation, high atmospheric humidity and low annual temperature.
文摘Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene identified as a recurrent breakpoint of Burkitt’s lymphomas. Human PVT1 gene is located on region 8q24.21, a well-known cancer risk region, and encodes at least 26 linear ncRNA isoforms and 26 circular RNA isoforms, as well as 6 microRNAs. Several PVT1 functioning models have been reported recently such as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity and regulating protein stability of oncogenes, especially MYC oncogene. The promoter of PVT1 gene is a boundary element of tumor-suppressor DNA. CircPVT1 derived from PVT1 gene is also a critical non-coding oncogenic RNA. Although substantial advancements have been made in understanding the roles of PVT1 in cancer recently, the detailed mechanisms underlying its functions remain unclear. Herein, we summarize the recent progressions on the mechanisms underlying PVT1 regulated gene expression at different levels. We also discuss the interaction between lncRNA and protein, RNA and DNA, as well as the potential cancer therapy strategy by targeting these networks.
