Effect of Different Combined Treatments on Tomato Seedling Growth in High-temperature Season

The study on raising of strong tomato seedlings in high-temperature season is of great practical significance,because high-temperature condition in summer and autumn causes excessive growth of tomato seedlings easily. ‘Fenniya＇variety was selected as an experimental material,an orthogonal experiment was designed with rhizospheric temperature（ A）,light intensity（ B） and nutrient salt concentration（ C） as three factors which were designed with three levels,so as to study the effects of different treatments on root activity,strong seedling index,hypocotyl length and average internode length. The results showed that the most important factor for tomato seedling＇s root activity,hypocotyl length and internode length was nutrient salt concentration. In terms of effect on seedling index,substrate temperature should be reduced properly,to avoid excessive shading. It was primarily determined that the effects of three factors on the raising of strong tomato seedlings ranked as factor C,factor B and factor A from high to low; and the screened optimal seedling raising conditions were the rhizospheric temperature at（ 3 ＋ 1）℃,the shading rate of（ 50 ＋ 5） % and the EC value of（ 5. 0 ＋ 0. 5） mS/cm.

GhIQD10 interacts with GhCaM7 to control cotton fiber elongation via calcium signaling

IQ67-domain(IQD)proteins function in plant defense and in organ development.The mechanisms by which they influence cotton fiber development are unknown.In the present study,GhIQD10 was expressed mainly in the transition period of cotton fiber development,and GhIQD10-overexpression lines showed shorter fibers.GhIQD10 interacted with GhCaM7 and the interaction was inhibited by Ca^(2+).In in vitro ovule culture,Ca^(2+)rescued the shorter-fiber phenotype of GhIQD10-overexpression lines,which were insensitive to the Ca^(2+)channel inhibitor verapamil and the Ca^(2+)pool release channel blocker 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate.We conclude that GhIQD10 affects cotton fiber elongation via Ca^(2+)signaling by interacting with GhCaM7.Brassinosteroid(BR)biosynthesis and signaling genes were up-regulated in GhIQD10-overexpression lines.Fiber development in these lines was not affected by epibrassinolide or the BR biosynthesis inhibitor brassinozole,indicating that the influence of GhIQD10 on fiber elongation was not associated with BR.

材料科学领域专利审查时有关创造性判断的技术分析

在国内外的专利审查中,创造性的判断一直是实质审查工作中的难点和争议点。本文通过材料科学领域的真实案例,从发明与对比文件的区别点、发明实际要解决的技术问题、对比文件给出的技术启示的判断以及预料不到的技术效果等方面对创造性的判断进行了技术分析,思考和总结了专利审查中有关创造性判断中需要注意的问题,有助于进一步全面、客观地进行创造性判断和审查,也为专利申请人和科技工作者撰写和申请专利提供参考和借鉴。

An AIE probe for long-term plasma membrane imaging and membrane-targeted photodynamic therapy

Two red-emissive luminogens(TPTH and TPTB) with typical aggregation-induced emission characteristics were developed. By introducing the heavy atom of Br at the end of alkyl chain, TPTB exhibited higher reactive oxygen species generation efficiency through both types I and II pathways. Due to its excellent biocompatibility and proper lipophilicity, TPTB could be used for long-term cell membrane staining and this staining ability was independent of the change of plasma membrane potential. Furthermore, TPTB could ablate the cancer cells through cell membrane-targeted photodynamic therapy.

Privacy-Preserving Searchable Encryption Scheme Based on Public and Private Blockchains

While users enjoy the convenience of data outsourcing in the cloud,they also face the risks of data modification and private information leakage.Searchable encryption technology can perform keyword searches over encrypted data while protecting their privacy and guaranteeing the integrity of the data by verifying the search results.However,some associated problems are still encountered,such as the low efficiency of verification and uncontrollable query results.Accordingly,this paper proposes a Privacy-Preserving Searchable Encryption(PPSE)scheme based on public and private blockchains.First,we store an encrypted index in a private blockchain while outsourcing corresponding encrypted documents to a public blockchain.The encrypted documents are located through the encrypted index.This method can reduce the storage overhead on the blockchains,and improve the efficiency of transaction execution and the security of stored data.Moreover,we adopt a smart contract to introduce a secondary verification access control mechanism and restrict data users’access to the private blockchain through authorization for the purpose of guaranteeing data privacy and the correctness of access control verification.Finally,the security analysis and experimental results indicate that compared with existing schemes,the proposed scheme can not only improve the security of encrypted data but also guarantee the efficiency of the query.

Sphingolipid synthesis inhibitor fumonisin B1 causes verticillium wilt in cotton

Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae is a major disease of cotton. Acidic protein–lipopolysaccharide complexes are thought to be the toxins responsible for its symptoms. Here,we determined that the sphingolipid biosynthesis inhibitor fumonisin B1(FB1) acts as a toxin and phenocopies the symptoms induced by V. dahliae. Knocking out genes required for FB1 biosynthesis reduced V. dahliae pathogenicity. Moreover, we showed that overexpression of a FB1 and V. dahliae both downregulated gene, Gh IQD10, enhanced verticillium wilt resistance by promoting the expression of brassinosteroid and anti-pathogen genes. Our results provide a new strategy for preventing verticillium wilt in cotton.