Tissue-specific resident cells have been identified as a promising population of progenitor cells for cell-based therapies. We describe here the isolation from adult human hearts of tissue nonspecific alkaline phospha...Tissue-specific resident cells have been identified as a promising population of progenitor cells for cell-based therapies. We describe here the isolation from adult human hearts of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase-positive cells (ALPL+ cells) with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics. Samples from 24 adult cadaveric donors were obtained from a valve bank. Mean total ischemia time was 21.5 ± 9.1 hours. The success rate for the isolation of human heart-derived cells by the explant culture technique was 70% for the right auricle (14 of 20 trials) and 33% for the right ventricle (7 of 21 trials). The total auricle-derived cell population (TAD) was used for the purification of ALPL+ cells. TAD and ALPL+ cells expressed markers for MSC and pericytes. TAD cells and ALPL+ cells differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondroblasts, and ALPL+ cells expressed markers of these three lineages more strongly than TAD cells, as shown by RT-PCR. This population therefore has a greater potential for differentiation into mesechymal lineages than TAD cells. Both cell populations express some markers of cardiac progenitors, such as GATA4, CD117 and VEGF. ALPL+ cells expressed troponin T and ABCG2, which are also markers of the cardiac lineage. Heart samples from tissue banks could be considered as sources of MSC with putative commitment towards cardiac lineages, even after prolonged ischemia times.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a serious clinical problem that affects approximately 17,500 new patients per year in the United States.The main causes of SCI are vehicle collisions,falls,violence(mainly gunshot wounds),and...Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a serious clinical problem that affects approximately 17,500 new patients per year in the United States.The main causes of SCI are vehicle collisions,falls,violence(mainly gunshot wounds),and sports/recreational activities.The final severity of the damage results from primary and secondary mechanisms that begin at the time of injury and last for months after trauma.To reduce the extent of damage,several treatments have been proposed.This review summarizes results from several studies that have pointed to cell therapy as the main form of neuroregenerative treatment.Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)are important candidates for tissue regeneration due to the release of bioactive factors,as well as antiapoptotic effects,scar inhibitors,and angiogenic effects.Studies have shown that MSCs act in various ways on injured tissue,such as immunomodulation of the inflamed environment,release of bioactive factors,restoration of axon myelin,prevention of neuronal apoptosis,and neuroregeneration.Current research using MSCs aims to prevent secondary injury,promote regeneration,and replace destroyed spinal cord tissue.This review presents information about the damage from primary and secondary events after SCI,treatments usually used,and pre-clinical and clinical results aiming at the cell therapy using MSCs as a tissue regeneration strategy.展开更多
文摘Tissue-specific resident cells have been identified as a promising population of progenitor cells for cell-based therapies. We describe here the isolation from adult human hearts of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase-positive cells (ALPL+ cells) with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics. Samples from 24 adult cadaveric donors were obtained from a valve bank. Mean total ischemia time was 21.5 ± 9.1 hours. The success rate for the isolation of human heart-derived cells by the explant culture technique was 70% for the right auricle (14 of 20 trials) and 33% for the right ventricle (7 of 21 trials). The total auricle-derived cell population (TAD) was used for the purification of ALPL+ cells. TAD and ALPL+ cells expressed markers for MSC and pericytes. TAD cells and ALPL+ cells differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondroblasts, and ALPL+ cells expressed markers of these three lineages more strongly than TAD cells, as shown by RT-PCR. This population therefore has a greater potential for differentiation into mesechymal lineages than TAD cells. Both cell populations express some markers of cardiac progenitors, such as GATA4, CD117 and VEGF. ALPL+ cells expressed troponin T and ABCG2, which are also markers of the cardiac lineage. Heart samples from tissue banks could be considered as sources of MSC with putative commitment towards cardiac lineages, even after prolonged ischemia times.
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a serious clinical problem that affects approximately 17,500 new patients per year in the United States.The main causes of SCI are vehicle collisions,falls,violence(mainly gunshot wounds),and sports/recreational activities.The final severity of the damage results from primary and secondary mechanisms that begin at the time of injury and last for months after trauma.To reduce the extent of damage,several treatments have been proposed.This review summarizes results from several studies that have pointed to cell therapy as the main form of neuroregenerative treatment.Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)are important candidates for tissue regeneration due to the release of bioactive factors,as well as antiapoptotic effects,scar inhibitors,and angiogenic effects.Studies have shown that MSCs act in various ways on injured tissue,such as immunomodulation of the inflamed environment,release of bioactive factors,restoration of axon myelin,prevention of neuronal apoptosis,and neuroregeneration.Current research using MSCs aims to prevent secondary injury,promote regeneration,and replace destroyed spinal cord tissue.This review presents information about the damage from primary and secondary events after SCI,treatments usually used,and pre-clinical and clinical results aiming at the cell therapy using MSCs as a tissue regeneration strategy.
