The plant-specific family of GRAS transcription factors has been wide implicated in the regulation of transcriptional reprogramming associated with a diversity of biological functions ranging from plant development pr...The plant-specific family of GRAS transcription factors has been wide implicated in the regulation of transcriptional reprogramming associated with a diversity of biological functions ranging from plant development processes to stress responses.Functional analyses of GRAS transcription factors supported by in silico structural and comparative analyses are emerging and clarifying the regulatory networks associated with their biological roles.In this review,a detailed analysis of GRAS proteins’structure and biochemical features as revealed by recent discoveries indicated how these characteristics may impact subcellular location,molecular mechanisms,and function.Nomenclature issues associated with GRAS classification into different subfamilies in diverse plant species even in the presence of robust genomic resources are discussed,in particular how it affects assumptions of biological function.Insights into the mechanisms driving evolution of this gene family and how genetic and epigenetic regulation of GRAS contributes to subfunctionalization are provided.Finally,this review debates challenges and future perspectives on the application of this complex but promising gene family for crop improvement to cope with challenges of environmental transition.展开更多
基金Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia(FCT)supported the research through Vinisense project(PTDC/BAA-DIG/4735/2020)Research Unit grant UID/MULTI/04046/2021,awarded to BioISI.R.A.is a recipient of fellowship from BioSys PhD programme PD65-2012(UI/BD/153054/2022).We deeply thank Dr.Pedro Humberto Castro(CIBIO)for critically revising the manuscript.
文摘The plant-specific family of GRAS transcription factors has been wide implicated in the regulation of transcriptional reprogramming associated with a diversity of biological functions ranging from plant development processes to stress responses.Functional analyses of GRAS transcription factors supported by in silico structural and comparative analyses are emerging and clarifying the regulatory networks associated with their biological roles.In this review,a detailed analysis of GRAS proteins’structure and biochemical features as revealed by recent discoveries indicated how these characteristics may impact subcellular location,molecular mechanisms,and function.Nomenclature issues associated with GRAS classification into different subfamilies in diverse plant species even in the presence of robust genomic resources are discussed,in particular how it affects assumptions of biological function.Insights into the mechanisms driving evolution of this gene family and how genetic and epigenetic regulation of GRAS contributes to subfunctionalization are provided.Finally,this review debates challenges and future perspectives on the application of this complex but promising gene family for crop improvement to cope with challenges of environmental transition.
