Effects of interleukin-10 treated macrophages on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway

BACKGROUND Alveolar bone defects caused by inflammation are an urgent issue in oral implant surgery that must be solved.Regulating the various phenotypes of macrophages to enhance the inflammatory environment can significantly affect the progression of diseases and tissue engineering repair process.AIM To assess the influence of interleukin-10(IL-10)on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)following their interaction with macrophages in an inflammatory environment.METHODS IL-10 modulates the differentiation of peritoneal macrophages in Wistar rats in an inflammatory environment.In this study,we investigated its impact on the proliferation,migration,and osteogenesis of BMSCs.The expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)and its activated form,phos-phorylated-STAT3,were examined in IL-10-stimulated macrophages.Subsequently,a specific STAT3 signaling inhibitor was used to impede STAT3 signal activation to further investigate the role of STAT3 signaling.RESULTS IL-10-stimulated macrophages underwent polarization to the M2 type through substitution,and these M2 macrophages actively facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.Mechanistically,STAT3 signaling plays a crucial role in the process by which IL-10 influences macrophages.Specifically,IL-10 stimulated the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway and reduced the macrophage inflammatory response,as evidenced by its diminished impact on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.CONCLUSION Stimulating macrophages with IL-10 proved effective in improving the inflammatory environment and promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.The IL-10/STAT3 signaling pathway has emerged as a key regulator in the macrophage-mediated control of BMSCs’osteogenic differentiation.

The Effect of Recombination Zone Positon on the Color Temperature Performance in the Color-Tunable White Organic Light-Emitting Diode

Using a color-tunable organic light-emitting diode (CT-OLED) can accord with the circadian cycle of humans and realize healthy lighting. The variation range of the correlated color temperature (CCT) is an important parameter to measure the performance of CT-OLEDs. In this paper, the effect of changing the utilization of phosphorescent materials and the position of the recombination zone (RZ) in the device are investigated by changing the thickness of the emissive layer (EML) and the doping ratio of the host and guest materials. The results show that reducing the red phosphorescent material and improving the blue phosphorescent material can affect the change direction of CCT, but it is not enough to expand the span of CCT (ΔCCT). It is more conducive to improving ΔCCT by more reasonable regulation of the position of the main RZ in EML and the energy transfer from the blue sub-EML to the red sub-EML. Device D obtains the best electro-optic and spectral characteristics, in which the maximum ΔCCT is 5746 K (2661 - 8407 K) as the voltage changes from 3.75 V to 9.75 V, the maximum current efficiency and luminance reach 18.34 cd·A-1 and 12,100 cd·m-2, respectively.

Primary mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube:A case report

BACKGROUND Mesonephric adenocarcinoma(MNAC)is an extremely rare malignancy in the female genital tract.Only a few cases have been reported in the literature,and most of them occurred in the cervix,with extremely rare cases in the uterine body and ovary.MNAC has never been reported to arise in the fallopian tube.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old woman was referred to our institution with a history of abdominal pain.Ultrasound revealed a cystic and solid mass in left adnexal region.The patient underwent complete staging surgery when intraoperative pathological examination demonstrated that the mass was malignant.The final histological and immunohistochemical results confirmed the diagnosis of MNAC originating from the fallopian tube.Then she received four cycles of combination chemotherapy with carboplatin plus paclitaxel.The tumor recurred with hepatic metastases 4 mo after initial surgery,and second resection of the tumors in the liver plus partial hepatectomy was performed.She was supplemented with five courses of a new combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus carboplatin,and there was no evidence of recurrence within the 22-mo follow-up period after the second surgery.CONCLUSION MNAC originating from the fallopian tube is an extremely rare and high malignancy with a poor prognosis.It can be very aggressive,even at early stage.Little is known about the clinical characteristics,pathological diagnosis,prognosis,and optimal management strategy of MNAC originating from the fallopian tube.Herein we report the first case of primary MNAC deriving from the fallopian tube.

Chemical proteomics:terra incognita for novel drug target profiling

The growing demand for new therapeutic strategies in the medical and pharmaceutic fields has resulted in a pressing need for novel druggable targets.Paradoxically,however,the targets of certain drugs that are already widely used in clinical practice have largely not been annotated.Because the pharmacologic effects of a drug can only be appreciated when its interactions with cellular components are clearly delineated,an integrated deconvolution of drug-target interactions for each drug is necessary.The emerging field of chemical proteomics represents a powerful mass spectrometry(MS)-based affinity chromatography approach for identifying proteome-wide small molecule-protein interactions and mapping these interactions to signaling and metabolic pathways.This technique could comprehensively characterize drug targets,profile the toxicity of known drugs,and identify possible off-target activities.With the use of this technique,candidate drug molecules could be optimized,and predictable side effects might consequently be avoided.Herein,we provide a holistic overview of the major chemical proteomic approaches and highlight recent advances in this area as well as its potential applications in drug discovery.

Optical second-harmonic generation of Janus MoSSe monolayer

The transition metal dichalcogenides(TMD)monolayers have shown strong second-harmonic generation(SHG)ow-ing to their lack of inversion symmetry.These ultrathin layers then serve as the frequency converters that can be intergraded on a chip.Here,taking MoSSe as an example,we report the first detailed experimental study of the SHG of Janus TMD monolayer,in which the transition metal layer is sandwiched by the two distinct chalcogen layers.It is shown that the SHG effectively arises from an in-plane second-harmonic polarization under paraxial focusing and detection.Based on this,the orientation-resolved SHG spectroscopy is realized to readily determine the zigzag and armchair axes of the Janus crystal with an accuracy better than±0.6°.Moreover,the SHG intensity is wavelength-dependent and can be greatly enhanced(~60 times)when the two-photon transition is resonant with the C-exciton state.Our findings uncover the SHG properties of Janus MoSSe monolayer,therefore lay the basis for its integrated frequency-doubling applications.

Universal materials model of deep-learning density functional theory Hamiltonian

Realizing large materials models has emerged as a critical endeavor for materials research in the new era of artificial intelligence,but how to achieve this fantastic and challenging objective remains elusive.Here,we propose a feasible pathway to address this paramount pursuit by developing universal materials models of deep-learning density functional theory Hamiltonian(Deep H),enabling computational modeling of the complicated structure-property relationship of materials in general.By constructing a large materials database and substantially improving the Deep H method,we obtain a universal materials model of Deep H capable of handling diverse elemental compositions and material structures,achieving remarkable accuracy in predicting material properties.We further showcase a promising application of fine-tuning universal materials models for enhancing specific materials models.This work not only demonstrates the concept of Deep H's universal materials model but also lays the groundwork for developing large materials models,opening up significant opportunities for advancing artificial intelligencedriven materials discovery.

Epitaxial growth of metal-semiconductor van der Waals heterostructures NbS2/MoS2 with enhanced performance of transistors and photodetectors

Two-dimensional(2D)heterostructures based on layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have attracted increasing attention for the applications of the nextgeneration high-performance integrated electronics and optoelectronics.Although various TMD heterostructures have been successfully fabricated,epitaxial growth of such atomically thin metal-semiconductor heterostructures with a clean and sharp interface is still challenging.In addition,photodetectors based on such heterostructures have seldom been studied.Here,we report the synthesis of high-quality vertical NbS2/MoS2metallic-semiconductor heterostructures.By using NbS2as the contact electrodes,the field-effect mobility and current on-off ratio of MoS2can be improved at least 6-fold and two orders of magnitude compared with the conventional Ti/Au contact,respectively.By using NbS2as contact,the photodetector performance of MoS2is much improved with higher responsivity and less response time.Such facile synthesis of atomically thin metal-semiconductor heterostructures by a simple chemical vapor deposition strategy and its effectiveness as ultrathin 2D metal contact open the door for the future application of electronics and optoelectronics.

Robust integration of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds to optical fiber and its application in all-optical thermometry

In this Letter,we developed a robust method for integrating nanodiamonds(NDs)to optical fiber.The NDs,containing nitrogen-vacancy(NV)centers,were uniformly mixed with UV adhesive before coating the end surface of a multimode fiber as a hemispherical film.The excitation and collection efficiency of NV fluorescence can be enhanced by increasing the thickness of UV adhesive film and additional aluminum film deposition.The fiber-based quantum sensor was also experimentally demonstrated for all-optical thermometry application.The variation of the refractive index of UV adhesive under different temperatures will also affect the NV collection efficiency by changing the light confinement.The demonstrated facile integration approach paves the way for developing fiber-based quantum thermometry and magnetometry.

InSe/hBN/graphite heterostructure for high-performance 2D electronics and flexible electronics

Two-dimensional(2D)materials as channel materials provide a promising alternative route for future electronics and flexible electronics,but the device performance is affected by the quality of interface between the 2D-material channel and the gate dielectric.Here we demonstrate an indium selenide(lnSe)/hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)/graphite heterostructure as a 2D field-effect transistor(FET),with InSe as channel material,hBN as dielectric,and graphite as gate.The fabricated FETs feature high electron mobility up to 1,146 cm2·V^-1·s^-1 at room temperature and on/off ratio up to 1010 due to the atomically flat gate dielectric.Integrated digital inverters based on InSe/hBN/graphite heterostructures are constructed by local gating modulation and an ultrahigh voltage gain up to 93.4 is obtained.Taking advantages of the mechanical flexibility of these materials,we integrated the heterostructured InSe FET on a flexible substrate,exhibiting little modification of device performance at a high strain level of up to 2%.Such high-performance heterostructured device configuration based on 2D materials provides a new way for future electronics and flexible electronics.

Recent progress of Pd/zeolite as passive NO_(x) adsorber: Adsorption chemistry, structure-performance relationships, challenges and prospects

Due to the technology limitation and inferior deNO_(x) efficiency of urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts at low temperatures, passive NO_(x) adsorber (PNA) for decrease of NO_(x), CO and hydrocarbons (HCs) during “cold start” of vehicles was proposed to meet the further tighten NO_(x) emission regulations in future. Among them, Pd modified zeolite PNA materials have received more attention because of their excellent NO_(x) storage capacity, anti-poisoning and hydrothermal stability and since Pd/zeolite PNA was proposed, a variety of advanced characterization methods have been applied to investigate its adsorption behavior and structure-performance relationship. The comprehension of the active sites and adsorption chemistry of Pd/zeolite PNA was also significantly improved. However, there are few reviews that systematically summarize the recent progress and application challenges in atomic-level understanding of this material. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress of Pd/zeolite PNA, including active adsorption sites, adsorption mechanism, material physicochemical properties, preparation methods, storage and release performance and structure-performance relationships. In addition, the deactivation challenges faced by Pd/zeolite PNA in practical applications, such as chemical poisoning, high temperature hydrothermal aging deactivation, etc., were also discussed at the micro-level, and some possible effective countermeasures are given. Besides, some possible improvements and research hotspots were put forward, which could be helpful for designing and constructing more efficient PNA materials for meeting the ultra-low NO_(x) emission regulation in the future.

腹部多发伤后腹腔镜辅助回肠造口还纳1例

合并腹部手术史的患者大多存在不同程度的腹腔粘连,传统观念将其视为腹腔镜手术的相对禁忌证。随着微创外科理念的深入,临床上提出了再手术微创化,避免了多次开腹手术对患者造成的创伤。上海长征医院2022年6月对1例腹部多发伤后多次开腹手术史的患者实施了腹腔镜辅助回肠造口还纳术,实现了“巨创”后的微创,使患者最大程度获益。

The role of Si coordination structures in the catalytic properties and durability of Cu-SAPO-34 as NH_(3)-SCR catalyst for NO_(x) reduction

Si coordination structures have been proven to greatly influence the ammonia-selective catalytic reduc-tion(NH_(3)-SCR)catalytic properties and the hydrothermal stability of Cu-based silicoaluminophosphate-form catalysts.However,the role of various Si coordination structures in the NH_(3)-SCR reaction over Cu-SAPO-34 catalyst remains unknown.Herein,a batch of Cu-SAPO-34 samples with various Si contents was synthesized via a one-pot method to study the role of Si coordination structures in the NH_(3)-SCR catalytic properties and hydrothermal stability.Cu/34-2 with the highest proportion of Si(xOAl)(x=1~3)struc-tures exhibits remarkable durability with 90%NO reduction efficiency within 200~450℃ even after a hydrothermal aging treatment at 850℃.In contrast,Cu/34-1 and Cu/34-4 with the highest proportions of Si(4OAl)and Si(0OAl)structures,respectively,are significantly deactivated by the same hydrothermal treatment.To better understand this phenomenon,the relationship between the Si coordination struc-tures and SCR performance is established using characterization techniques and kinetics measurements.Results reveal that a high content of Si(4OAl)and Si(0OAl)is detrimental to the hydrothermal stability of Cu-SAPO-34 catalyst.However,Si(x OAl)(x=1~3)structures are conducive to the stabilization of isolated Cu^(2+),thus enhancing the stability to severe hydrothermal treatment.