肉桂醛纳米乳的制备及体内药动学评价

目的 构建肉桂醛纳米乳(Cin-NE),以提高肉桂醛(Cin)稳定性、溶解度以及口服生物利用度。方法 将Cin同时作为药物和油相,以蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚(EL-35)为乳化剂,构建Cin乳剂(Cin-E),稀释后得到具有抗稀释性的纳米递送系统——Cin-NE,通过激光粒度仪对其粒径和PDI进行检测,采用UPLC对纳米乳中肉桂醛含量进行检测,以外观性状、粒径和含量为指标,考察长期放置的Cin-NE的稳定性。此外,通过对SD大鼠进行口服灌胃给药,研究该纳米乳的口服吸收情况以及体内药动学特征。结果 将Cin载入纳米乳中,显著提高了药物在水中的溶解度;Cin-E中Cin含量为90.9 mg/ml,其制备的Cin-NE粒径较小且分布均匀,在水、模拟胃液和模拟肠液中具有抗稀释性;4℃下放置稳定性良好。SD大鼠口服灌胃给药的体内药动学结果表明,Cin-NE生物利用度是Cin原料药的3倍,可见纳米乳显著改善了Cin的口服吸收。结论 成功构建了无需额外加入其他油相、无需助乳化剂、处方精简、工艺简单的Cin纳米药物递送系统Cin-NE,其稳定性、溶解度以及口服生物利用度显著优于Cin,为Cin的临床应用提供了有益的探索和启示。

数智时代下Z世代青年群体信仰风险与应对策略研究

信仰是精神之钙,Z世代青年群体作为互联网的“原住民”、迈向民族复兴的主力军,其信仰问题关乎国家的发展和民族的未来。随着网络社会的不断演进、虚拟社会化程度的日渐加深,尤其是以元宇宙为主要表现形式的互联网3.0时代的到来,Z世代群体面临信仰迷茫、信仰冷漠化、信仰泛娱乐化等诸多风险,对个体身心健康和国家发展产生消极影响。本文总结归纳数智时代下Z世代青年群体信仰风险的表征,分析探讨其背后的生成逻辑,并为破解信仰风险提出可行性路径与策略。

Forebody asymmetric vortex control with extended dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators

Plasma control of forebody asymmetric vortices is mostly achieved by means of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma actuators. However, DBD actuators suffer from some disadvantages such as a weak induced body force, a singledirection induced jet, and an unclear control mechanism. We carry out wind tunnel experiments involving the forebody vortex control of a slender body at high angles of attack using an innovative extended DBD actuator, which has a stronger capacity to induce an electric wind than a DBD actuator. Through synchronous measurements of the pressure distribution and particle image velocimetry(PIV), the spatiotemporal evolution of the dynamic interactions between plasma-actuationinduced vortices and forebody asymmetric vortices is analyzed. The influence of plasma discharge on the boundary layer separation around a slender body and the spatial topological structures of asymmetric vortices are further surveyed, as the optimized actuation parameters. Extended DBD actuators are found to be more capable of controlling asymmetric vortices than DBD actuators, and a linear proportionality of the sectional lateral force versus the duty ratio is achieved.There exists an optimal normalized reduced frequency( f+= 2π fpd/U∞= 2.39) for asymmetric vortex control under the present experimental conditions. The research results can provide technical guidance for the control and reuse of forebody asymmetric vortices.

Ultrasound Driving Application of a Universal Waveform Generator Derived from Displaying Driving System

The design of a universal waveform generator derived from displaying driving applications using floating power and Miller integrator circuit is introduced first. Then, the feasibility of driving ultrasound transducers is verified by the test of the circuit and compared with other specific design of pulse generator for ultrasound driving purpose.

Analysis of an Extensive Heavy Rainfall Weather Process during 23-24 April, 2021 in China

An extensive rainfall occurred in central and eastern China during 23-24 April, 2021. This research mainly uses the reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR every 6 hours to analyze this heavy rainfall weather process. The results show that the main reason for this precipitation process is the shear formed between the cold air and the warm and humid air flow in the southwest. The low temperature on the ground allows the warm and humid air flow to lift up to form precipitation. The shear system is strengthened to a low vortex, which greatly strengthens the vertical ascent movement. Good water vapor and dynamic conditions form a large range of heavy rainfall.

黄河流域经济高质量发展面临难题与推进路径

经济高质量是黄河流域高质量发展的重要基础,也是在南北经济分化背景下推动我国经济高质量发展的重要支撑。黄河流域当前面临经济增速放缓、内部发展不平衡、产业层次偏低且重工业化明显、创新驱动发展水平较低、开放发展水平不高、中心城市辐射带动能力较弱等问题。为此,需要因地制宜,打造主体功能区框架下的国土空间开发格局;强化支撑,构建现代化产业体系;创新驱动,打造西安—郑州—济南国家级科创走廊;开放带动,打造沿黄地区经济合作发展示范区;核心引领,依托中心城市和都市圈打造新旧动能转换和高质量发展增长极;产业联动,强化上中下游东中西部互动打造跨区域产业分工合作网络,以加快推动黄河流域经济高质量发展。

公共物品提供对地方政府税收竞争的回应性研究——基于空间面板模型的实证分析

在财政分权背景下,随着市场经济体制的不断完善和地方政府政绩激励机制弊端的日益凸显,地方税收竞争与公共物品提供的相关性问题成为公共经济学关注的论题。基于2007—2015年省际面板数据,通过构建包含随机效应的空间自相关模型和空间误差模型,将地方税收竞争与支出竞争置于同一实证框架下,分析税收竞争对教育、科学技术、文化体育与传媒、社会保障和就业、医疗卫生、环境保护共6项公共支出水平的影响。实证结果表明,上述6项人均支出均存在显著的空间互补效应,而税收竞争对各项支出基本表现为负效应,两种效应在不同支出类别的表现强度上呈现一致性,从而形成反扭曲效应。

不同种源黄连木苗期生长性状比较及评价

为给河北区域的黄连木优良种源筛选、培育利用提供参考,对来自河北、河南、山东、江苏4省的13个黄连木种源开展田间试验,测定不同种源黄连木幼苗的苗高、地径、总根长、主根长、根系表面积、总根体积、根平均直径、根尖数等地上与地下部分生长性状及根干质量、叶干质量、茎干质量、总生物量、根冠比等生物量数据,分析不同生长指标与种源地环境因素之间的相关性,并分别采用聚类分析、主成分分析对13个种源进行分类及对其幼苗的生长状况进行综合评估。结果显示:除了主根长以外,其余指标在种源间均存在显著差异(P<0.05);各指标变异范围为15.20%~26.39%;13个种源可以分为3大类,其中红鹤、驾游、红旗、潍坊、南果、固新和东岗属于生长较好的第Ⅱ大类;相关性分析中,原种源地海拔较高且降雨量较少的黄连木幼苗在试验地的生长情况较好;各种源总体评估前4名分别是南果、红鹤、潍坊和固新的种源,与聚类分析所得结果一致。结果表明,南果、红鹤、潍坊和固新为河北地区育苗、育种首选的黄连木种源。

4种园林树木叶片秋季变色期的呈色机理

为了探讨不同树种叶片秋季变色期的呈色机理,以4种树木秋季变色期的叶片为试验材料,研究了各树种在变色期叶色参数(L*、a*、b*)、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色素苷及可溶性糖含量变化情况,并通过相关性分析探讨叶色参数与色素含量、可溶性糖的关系。结果表明:4个树种的a*值与花色素苷含量呈正相关。叶色参数与类胡萝卜素含量均无显著相关性。在秋季整个叶色变化过程中4个树种叶片呈现不断变红的趋势,主要是由可溶性糖不断积累促进花色素苷合成,花色素苷与叶绿素含量之比不断上升造成的。

Anterior cervical corpectomy decompression and fusion for cervical kyphosis in a girl with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome:A case report

BACKGROUND Spinal deformities in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(EDS; type VI) are generally progressive and severe. Surgical treatment has been described for kyphoscoliosis in the thoracolumbar spine. However, there are few studies describing the consequences of an anterior approach in cervical kyphosis. An anterior approach may not be able to fully decompress the spinal canal and restore the normal curvature of the cervical spine. Therefore, the anterior approach for cervical kyphosis in young children is hard. We describe the first case in an EDS girl with cervical kyphosis who received satisfactory anterior cervical corpectomy decompression and fusion.CASE SUMMARY The chief complaints of a 16-year-old girl with EDS were double upper limb weakness for 7 years and double lower limb walking instability for 2 years.Moreover, the imaging results revealed that the degree of kyphosis from cervical vertebra 2 to 4 accompanying with spinal cord compression was 30°. An anterior cervical corpectomy involving cervical vertebra 3 and a titanium mesh implant were performed with internal fixation. The results at 3 mo after surgery demonstrated that the anterior fusion was solid, and the kyphosis of the cervical spine was corrected. Additionally, the power of all four extremities was significantly improved.CONCLUSION The incidence rate of cervical kyphosis in EDS is rare. The surgical treatment for these patients, especially an anterior approach, is challenging. Therefore, to develop safer and more effective strategies to treat cervical kyphosis in EDS,there is still much work to do.

Stackable luminescent device integrating blue light emitting diode with red organic light emitting diode

We present a novel stackable luminescent device integrating a blue light emitting diode(LED)with a red organic LED(OLED)in series.The anode of the OLED is connected with the cathode of the LED through a via in the insulation layer on the LED.The LED–OLED hybrid device is electroluminescent and two electroluminescence(EL)peaks(the blue peak around 454 nm and the red peak around 610 nm)are observed clearly.The effect of the indium tin oxide(ITO)layer on the device performance is analyzed.Compared with the individual LED and OLED,their combination shows great potential applications in the field of white lighting,plant lighting,and display.

基于故障模式与故障树的车载系统电磁兼容问题分析方法

车载系统在有限的空间范围内集成了众多设备,其电磁环境复杂,电磁兼容性问题根源具有隐蔽性,极大地增加了故障诊断和定位的难度。论文基于故障模式与故障树分析理论提出车载系统电磁兼容问题分析方法,以车载系统电磁兼容故障模式分析表为基础建立电磁兼容故障树,并分析得到其最小割集及其重要度,根据重要度顺序依次进行电磁兼容试验,对出现的电磁兼容问题进行研究,此方法可在很大程度上提高车载系统电磁兼容故障诊断的效率,避免了问题分析的盲目性。

截短侧耳素在醇——水复合溶剂体系溶解度的测定与关联

截短侧耳素是一种三环二萜类抗生素,因其抗菌机制独特,与一般抗菌药物不发生交叉耐药,而日益受到重视。本研究测定了截短侧耳素在不同甲醇(或乙醇)-水复合溶剂(醇含量0～50%)中在273.15～333.15K溶解度,并采用多项式经验方程和Apelblat方程进行关联。结果表明,随着温度的提高,随溶剂中甲醇或乙醇含量的增加,截短侧耳素的溶解度显著同步增加。多项式经验方程和Apelblat方程都能很好拟合截短侧耳素溶解度数据,回归系数都在0.993以上。热力学分析表明,截短侧耳素在甲醇(或乙醇)-水复合溶剂中的溶解过程焓变都是正值,且随着溶剂中醇含量的增加而增加,是一吸热过程。溶解过程的熵变在纯水中是负值,随着溶剂中醇含量的增加,熵变也随之增加并且成为溶解度大幅提升的主要驱动力。本论文的研究结果可为截短侧耳素的提取工艺优化及制剂工艺开发提供重要的科学依据。

多效唑对北美豆梨光合生理指标和荧光参数的影响

采用叶面喷施的方式,研究了不同浓度多效唑对北美豆梨叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率和荧光参数的影响。结果表明:50 mg/L和100 mg/L多效唑均能提高北美豆梨叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率和荧光参数(Fv/Fm),降低非光化学猝灭参数(qN);200 mg/L和300 mg/L多效唑则降低了北美豆梨叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率和荧光参数(Fv/Fm),提高了非光化学猝灭参数(qN),说明叶绿素含量和PsⅡ光能转化效率的高低是Pn升高或降低的内在原因。100 mg/L多效唑处理不仅显著提高了叶绿素a含量和PSⅡ反应中心的光能转化效率(Fv/Fm),而且降低了气孔阻力,加速了北美豆梨光合作用的进行;而300 mg/L多效唑处理显著降低了叶绿素a含量和PSⅡ反应中心的光能转化效率(Fv/Fm),不利于北美豆梨光合作用的进行。因此,园林栽培上可根据不同目的加以选择使用。

基于时空控制指标的联合作战能力分析

作战力量的运用除带来政治经济影响和物资人员消耗等方面的效用外,同样还提供和保证了在特定时间条件下对特定空间的控制力,基于这种认识提出等效时空控制概念,及相应的单元模型分析、复杂系统聚合分析方法,其实质是通过特定时间里机动、预警、火力等因素对空间控制的综合累积效应来评价联合作战能力大小。相对从火力、机动、预警等不同方面分别进行的作战能力定性定量分析,或者基于指数的作战能力分析,通过理论分析和数字计算表明,这种方法既有较好的综合性,也有更好的解析性质和可理解性,并能直观地实现单装能力向体系能力的聚合。

Size effect on optical performance of blue light-emitting diodes

In this paper,size effects on optical performance of blue light-emitting diodes(LEDs)are investigated.The essential physical mechanism is studied by fabricating LEDs with various sizes of the active area and testing optical characteristics.It is found that micro-LEDs have better light extracting efficiency and thermal dissipation compared with broad-area LEDs,which is likely due to the small ratio of perimeter and active area.Furthermore,micro-LEDs are more beneficial for displays due to the stable wavelength under the low pulse width modulation(PWM)current density.

Dynamic evolution of vortex structures induced bytri-electrode plasma actuator

Plasma flow control is a new type of active flow control approach based on plasma pneumatic actuation.Dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) actuators have become a focus of international aerodynamic research.However,the practical applications of typical DBDs are largely restricted due to their limited discharge area and low relative-induced velocity.The further improvement of performance will be beneficial for engineering applications.In this paper,high-speed schlieren and high-speed particle image velocimetry(PIV) are employed to study the flow field induced by three kinds of plasma actuations in a static atmosphere,and the differences in induced flow field structure among typical DBD,extended DBD(EX-DBD),and tri-electrode sliding discharge(TED) are compared.The analyzing of the dynamic evolution of the maximum horizontal velocity over time,the velocity profile at a fixed horizontal position,and the momentum and body force in a control volume reveals that the induced velocity peak value and profile velocity height of EX-DBD are higher than those of the other two types of actuation,suggesting that EX-DBD actuation has the strongest temporal aerodynamic effect among the three types of actuations.The TED actuation not only can enlarge the plasma extension but also has the longest duration in the entire pulsed period and the greatest influence on the height and width of the airflow near the wall surface.Thus,the TED actuation has the ability to continuously influencing a larger three-dimensional space above the surface of the nlasma actuator.

Enhancement of T cell infiltration via tumor-targeted Th9 cell delivery improves the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy of solid tumors

Insufficient infiltration of T cells severely compromises the antitumor efficacy of adoptive cell therapy(ACT)against solid tumors.Here,we present a facile immune cell surface engineering strategy aiming to substantially enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of Th9-mediated ACT by rapidly identifying tumor-specific binding ligands and improving the infiltration of infused cells into solid tumors.Non-genetic decoration of Th9 cells with tumor-targeting peptide screened from phage display not only allowed precise targeted ACT against highly heterogeneous solid tumors but also substantially enhanced infiltration of CD8+T cells,which led to improved antitumor outcomes.Mechanistically,infusion of Th9 cells modified with tumor-specific binding ligands facilitated the enhanced distribution of tumor-killing cells and remodeled the immunosuppressive microenvironment of solid tumors via IL-9 mediated immunomodulation.Overall,we presented a simple,cost-effective,and cell-friendly strategy to enhance the efficacy of ACT against solid tumors with the potential to complement the current ACT.

Metal-Free Electrochemical Trifluoromethylation of Imidazole-Fused Heterocycles with Trifluoromethyl Thianthrenium Triflate

A novel and eco-friendly electrochemical activation of trifluoromethyl thianthrenium triflate(TT-CF_(3)^(+)OTf^(-))for trifluoromethylation of imidazole-fused heteroaromatic compounds was established.This method involves the direct electrolysis of TT-CF_(3)^(+)OTf^(-)without the requirement of external oxidants or catalysts,aligning with the principles of green chemistry.A wide range of imidazole-fused heteroaromatic compounds including imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and benzo[d]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles have been successfully trifluoromethylated using this technique,exhibiting excellent compatibility with various functional groups and a broad substrate scope.Moreover,the method's applicability for one-pot sequential reactions enables the reduction of waste and resource consumption by eliminating the need for intermediate purification steps.

Polymeric piezoelectric accelerometers with high sensitivity,broad bandwidth,and low noise density for organic electronics and wearable microsystems

Piezoelectric accelerometers excel in vibration sensing.In the emerging trend of fully organic electronic microsystems,polymeric piezoelectric accelerometers can be used as vital front-end components to capture dynamic signals,such as vocal vibrations in wearable speaking assistants for those with speaking difficulties.However,high-performance polymeric piezoelectric accelerometers suitable for such applications are rare.Piezoelectric organic compounds such as PVDF have inferior properties to their inorganic counterparts such as PZT.Consequently,most existing polymeric piezoelectric accelerometers have very unbalanced performance metrics.They often sacrifice resonance frequency and bandwidth for a flat-band sensitivity comparable to those of PZT-based accelerometers,leading to increased noise density and limited application potentials.In this study,a new polymeric piezoelectric accelerometer design to overcome the material limitations of PVDF is introduced.This new design aims to simultaneously achieve high sensitivity,broad bandwidth,and low noise.Five samples were manufactured and characterized,demonstrating an average sensitivity of 29.45 pC/g within a±10 g input range,a 5%flat band of 160 Hz,and an in-band noise density of 1.4μg/√Hz.These results surpass those of many PZT-based piezoelectric accelerometers,showing the feasibility of achieving comprehensively high performance in polymeric piezoelectric accelerometers to increase their potential in novel applications such as organic microsystems.