The accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of oil and gas in the back-arc basin of Japan under the background of high heat flow

The Sea of Japan is located in the southeast margin of Eurasia, in the triangle area of the western Pacific Ocean. Due to the interaction of the Pacific plate, Eurasian plate and Philippine plate, its tectonic environment is complex, forming a typical trench-arc-basin system. At present, 148 oil and gas fields have been discovered in Japan, with an oil and gas resource of 255.78×10^(6) t, showing a good prospect for oil and gas exploration. Based on the previous research and the recently collected geological and geophysical data, the characteristics of tectonic-sedimentary evolution and geothermal field in the basins around the Sea of Japan are analyzed. The results show that the tectonic evolution of the basin is mainly controlled by plate subduction and back-arc oceanic crust expansion, and it mainly undergone four tectonic-sedimentary evolution stages: Subduction period, basin development period, subsidence period and compression deformation period. The overall heat flow value of Japan Sea is high, and it is distributed annularly along Yamato Ridge. The geothermal heat flow value is about 50–130 MW/m^(2), and the average heat flow is75.9±19.8 MW/m^(2), which has a typical “hot basin ”. The high heat flow background provides unique thermal evolution conditions for hydrocarbon generation, which leads to the high temperature and rapid evolution. The authors summarized as “early hydrocarbon generation, rapid maturity and shallow and narrow hydrocarbon generation window”. The type of oil and gas is mainly natural gas, and it mainly distributed in Neogene oil and gas reservoirs. The trap types are mainly structural traps, lithologic traps and composite traps. In addition, the pre-Neogene bedrock oil and gas reservoirs also show a good exploration prospect. The resource prospecting indicates that Niigata Basin, Ulleung Basin and kitakami Basin are the main target areas for future exploration and development.

催产素受体在肠易激综合征患者中的表达研究

目的探讨肠易激综合征(IBS)患者结肠黏膜催产素受体(OTR)的表达与IBS亚型、症状严重程度、伴随精神障碍的相关性。方法选取长治医学院附属和平医院41例受试者,其中,27例IBS患者(实验组)和14例健康者(对照组),根据IBS患者粪便性状又将实验组分为IBS腹泻型组(IBS-D组)和IBS不定型组(IBS-U组)。收集符合罗马Ⅳ标准的IBS患者和健康受试者的结肠黏膜样本,免疫组织化学法检测OTR的表达。结果实验组与对照组年龄、性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IBS-U组与IBS-D组年龄、性别、病情严重程度调查表(IBS-SSS)评分、两组精神心理状态差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组OTR表达与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组、IBS-D组及IBS-U组OTR表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。OTR表达与IBS患者病情严重度调查表(IBS-SSS)评分、精神心理状态无相关(P>0.05)结论OTR与IBS有一定关联。

Association between polymorphism rs6983267 and gastric cancer risk in Chinese population

AIM: To explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 8q24 and gastric cancer risk. METHODS: A case-control investigation including 212 gastric cancer patients and 377 healthy controls was conducted. The genotypes of SNPs (rs6983267, rs7008482 and rs10808555) were examined and established through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between SNPs and gastric cancer. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies of rs6983267 in gastric cancer patients were obviously different from those in the control (P = 0.005). GT genotype of rs6983267 was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer compared with GG genotype (adjusted odds ratio = 2.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.28-3.14). Further stratified analysis indicated that rs6983267 GT genotype facilitated the risk of gastric cancer of non-cardiac and intestinal type (OR: 2.638, 95% CI: 1.464-4.753; OR: 1.916, 95% CI: 1.166-3.150, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates for the first time that rs6983267 is involved in susceptibility to gastric cancer, although further large-sample investigations are still needed.

Increased VGLUT3 involved in visceral hyperalgesia in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome

AIM:To investigate the activity of vesicular glutamate transporter-3(VGLUT3) in a visceral hyperalgesia rat model of irritable bowel syndrome,and the role of mast cells(MCs).METHODS:Transient intestinal infection was inducedby oral administration of Trichinella spiralis larvae in rats.On the 100th day post-infection(PI),the rats were divided into an acute cold restraint stress(ACRS)group and a non-stressed group.Age-matched untreated rats served as controls.The abdominal withdrawal reflex was used to measure the visceromotor response to colorectal distension(CRD).The expression levels of VGLUT3 in peripheral and central neurons were analyzed by immunofluorescence and western blotting.RESULTS:VGLUT3 expression in the L6S1 dorsal root ganglion cells was significantly higher in the PI group than in the control group(0.32±0.009 vs0.22±0.008,P<0.01),and there was no significant difference in the expression of VGLUT3 between MCdeficient rats and their normal wild-type littermates.Immunofluorescence showed that the expression levels of VGLUT3 in PI+ACRS rats were enhanced in the prefrontal cortex of the brain compared with the control group.CONCLUSION:VGLUT3 is involved in the pathogenesis of visceral hyperalgesia.Coexpression of c-fos,5-hydroxytryptamine and VGLUT3 after CRD was observed in associated neuronal pathways.Increased VGLUT3 induced by transient intestinal infection was found in peripheral nerves,and was independent of MCs.Moreover,the expression of VGLUT3 was enhanced in the prefrontal cortex in rats with induced infection and stress.

Characteristics and evaluation of Mesozoic source rocks in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf

Source rocks are the material basis of oil and gas generation and determine the potential resources of exploration blocks and have important research value. This paper studies the lithology, thickness, and geochemistry of Mesozoic source rocks in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf. The results show that the Mesozoic source rocks are mainly dark mudstone and coal-bearing strata. The total thickness of Lower–Middle Jurassic source rocks ranges from 100 m to 700 m, and that of Lower Cretaceous source rocks ranges from 50 m to 350 m. The overall thickness of Mesozoic source rocks is distributed in the NE direction and their thickness center is located in the Jilong Depression. The Lower–Middle Jurassic source rocks are mainly developed shallow marine dark mudstone and transitional coal measure strata. Those of the Lower Cretaceous are mainly mudstone of a fan delta front. Lower –Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon source rocks are dominated by type III kerogen, with Lower –Middle Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks having high organic matter abundance and being medium –good hydrocarbon source rocks, while Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon source rocks have relatively poor quality. From northwest to southeast, the vitrinite reflectance Ro of Mesozoic source rocks increases gradually. Source rocks in the study area are divided into three types. The first hydrocarbon-generating area is mainly located in the southeastern region of the study area, and the Jilong Depression is the hydrocarbongenerating center. The results of this study can provide a basis for exploration of Mesozoic oil and gas resources in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf.

Discovery of Late Cretaceous-Paleocene faulted basins developed on the Yandang Low Uplift, East China Sea Shelf Basin

1.Objective The East China Sea Shelf Basin (ECSSB) is a typical Meso-Cenozoic superimposed basin which consists several tectonic units including the Changjiang Sag, Oujiang Sag, Hupijiao Uplift, Haijiao Uplift, Yandang Low Uplift (YDLU), Minjiang Sag, Taipei Low Uplift, Xihu Sag, Jilong Sag and so on.

The Jasmonate-Responsive AP2/ERF Transcription Factors AaERF1 and AaERF2 Positively Regulate Artemisinin Biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.

Plants of Artemisia annua produce artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone widely used in malaria treatment. Amorpha-4,11-diene synthase （ADS）, a sesquiterpene synthase, and CYP71AV1, a P450 monooxygenase, are two key enzymes of the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway. Accumulation of artemisinin can be induced by the phytohormone jasmonate （JA）. Here, we report the characterization of two JA-responsive AP2 family transcription factors-AaERF1 and AaERF2-from A. annua L. Both genes were highly expressed in inflorescences and strongly induced by JA. Yeast one- hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay （EMSA） showed that they were able to bind to the CRTDREHVCBF2 （CBF2） and RAVlAAT （RAA） motifs present in both ADS and CYP71AV1 promoters. Transient expression of either AaERF1 or AaERF2 in tobacco induced the promoter activities of ADS or CYP71AV1, and the transgenic A. annua plants overexpressing either transcription factor showed elevated transcript levels of both ADS and CYP71AV1, resulting in increased accumulation of artemisinin and artemisinic acid. By contrast, the contents of these two metabolites were reduced in the RNAi transgenic lines in which expression of AaERF1 or AaERF2 was suppressed. These results demonstrate that AaERF1 and AaERF2 are two positive regulators of artemisinin biosynthesis and are of great value in genetic engineering of arte- misinin production.

Transcriptional Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism

Plant secondary metabolites play critical roles in plant-environment interactions. They are synthesized in different organs or tissues at particular developmental stages, and in response to various environmental stimuli, both biotic and abiotic. Accordingly, corresponding genes are regulated at the transcriptional level by multiple transcription factors. Several families of transcription factors have been identified to participate in controlling the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. These regulators integrate internal （often developmental） and external signals, bind to corresponding cis-elements -- which are often in the promoter regions -- to activate or repress the expression of enzyme-coding genes, and some of them interact with other transcription factors to form a complex. In this review, we summarize recent research in these areas, with an emphasis on newly-identified transcription factors and their functions in metabolism regulation.

A Cotton BURP Domain Protein Interacts With α-Expansin and Their Co-Expression Promotes Plant Growth and Fruit Production

Plant growth requires cell wall extension. The cotton AtRD22-Like I gene GhRDL1, predominately expressed in elongating fiber cells, encodes a BURP domain-containing protein. Here, we show that GhRDL1 is localized in cell wall and interacts with GhEXPA1, an α-expansin functioning in wall loosening. Transgenic cotton overexpressing GhRDL1 showed an increase in fiber length and seed mass, and an enlargement of endopleura cells of ovules. Expression of either GhRDL1 or GhEXPA1 alone in Arabidopsis led to a substantial increase in seed size; interestingly, their co-expression resulted in the increased number of siliques, the nearly doubled seed mass, and the enhanced biomass production. Cotton plants overexpressing GhRDL1 and GhEXPA1 proteins produced strikingly more fruits （bolls）, leading to up to 40% higher fiber yield per plant without adverse effects on fiber quality and vegetative growth. We demonstrate that engineering cell wall protein partners has a great potential in promoting plant growth and crop yield.

International Clinical Practice Guideline of Chinese Medicine Anxiety

Foreword Patent issues may be existed in this guideline,and the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies(WFCMS)declared that they are not responsible for identifying these patents.International Clinical Practice Guideline of Chinese Medicine-Anxiety is based on the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Internal Diseases in Chinese Medicine-Anxiety(Standard No.ZYYXH/T 132-2008)published by the China Association of Chinese Medicine in 2008.Combined with clinical study evidence at home and abroad in recent years.