Numerical simulation and experimental tests were carried out to examine the hydrodynamic behaviors of a double-column floating system of gravity cage under wave conditions. A floating system of gravity cage can be tre...Numerical simulation and experimental tests were carried out to examine the hydrodynamic behaviors of a double-column floating system of gravity cage under wave conditions. A floating system of gravity cage can be treated as a small-sized floating structure when compared with the wavelengths. The main problem in calculating the wave loads on the small-sized floating structure is to obtain the reasonable force coefficients, which may differ from a submerged structure. In this paper, the floating system of gravity cage is simplified to a 2D problem, where the floating system is set symmetrically under wave conditions. The motion equations were deduced under wave conditions and a specific method was proposed to resolve the problem of wave forces acting on a small-sized floating system of gravity cage at water surface. Results of the numerical method were compared with those from model tests and the hydrodynamic coefficients Cn and Cτ were studied. It is found that Cn ranges from 0.6 to 1.0 while Cτ is between 0.4 and 0.6 in this study. The results are useful for research on the hydrodynamic behavior of the deep-water gravity sea cages.展开更多
Dear Editor, Fungal infection involves the invasion of tissues by one or more species of fungi, and this is a serious problem in both medical settings and agriculture [Brown et al., 2012]. Thus, the development of eff...Dear Editor, Fungal infection involves the invasion of tissues by one or more species of fungi, and this is a serious problem in both medical settings and agriculture [Brown et al., 2012]. Thus, the development of efficient strategies for management of these infections is urgently needed [Rodriguez-Martfn et al., 2010]. Recently, a number of antifungal proteins have been reported, including AFP from Aspergillus giganteus, PAF from Penicillium chrysogenum, NAF from Penicillium nalviogense, and AnAFP from Aspergillus niger [Marx et al., 2008; Geisen 2000]. These proteins have demonstrated antifungal activity against opportunistic plant and animal pathogens, such as Fusanum sp., Botrytis sp., and Asper- gillus sp. [Meyer, 2008]. We have previously characterized an antifungal protein （PcPAF） from the culture supernatant of the fungal strain Penicillium citrinum W1, which was isolated from sediment obtained from the Southwest Indian Ocean. PcPAF is thermostable and displays antifungal activity against various pathogenic fungi, including Trichoderma viride, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria Iongipes, and Pae- cilomyces variotii [Wen et al., 2014]. Therefore, large-scale production of PcPAF would enable the further drug development of this compound.展开更多
基金the Hi-Tech Research and Development Pro-gram (863) of China (Nos. 2006AA100301 and 2006BAD09A13) the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coastal Offshore Engineering of Dalian University of Technology (No. LP0604), China
文摘Numerical simulation and experimental tests were carried out to examine the hydrodynamic behaviors of a double-column floating system of gravity cage under wave conditions. A floating system of gravity cage can be treated as a small-sized floating structure when compared with the wavelengths. The main problem in calculating the wave loads on the small-sized floating structure is to obtain the reasonable force coefficients, which may differ from a submerged structure. In this paper, the floating system of gravity cage is simplified to a 2D problem, where the floating system is set symmetrically under wave conditions. The motion equations were deduced under wave conditions and a specific method was proposed to resolve the problem of wave forces acting on a small-sized floating system of gravity cage at water surface. Results of the numerical method were compared with those from model tests and the hydrodynamic coefficients Cn and Cτ were studied. It is found that Cn ranges from 0.6 to 1.0 while Cτ is between 0.4 and 0.6 in this study. The results are useful for research on the hydrodynamic behavior of the deep-water gravity sea cages.
基金the Comra fund Grant （DY125-15-T-07）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 30972279 and 40976080）, and the National Basic Research Program （973 Program） （No. 2015CB755903）.
文摘Dear Editor, Fungal infection involves the invasion of tissues by one or more species of fungi, and this is a serious problem in both medical settings and agriculture [Brown et al., 2012]. Thus, the development of efficient strategies for management of these infections is urgently needed [Rodriguez-Martfn et al., 2010]. Recently, a number of antifungal proteins have been reported, including AFP from Aspergillus giganteus, PAF from Penicillium chrysogenum, NAF from Penicillium nalviogense, and AnAFP from Aspergillus niger [Marx et al., 2008; Geisen 2000]. These proteins have demonstrated antifungal activity against opportunistic plant and animal pathogens, such as Fusanum sp., Botrytis sp., and Asper- gillus sp. [Meyer, 2008]. We have previously characterized an antifungal protein （PcPAF） from the culture supernatant of the fungal strain Penicillium citrinum W1, which was isolated from sediment obtained from the Southwest Indian Ocean. PcPAF is thermostable and displays antifungal activity against various pathogenic fungi, including Trichoderma viride, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria Iongipes, and Pae- cilomyces variotii [Wen et al., 2014]. Therefore, large-scale production of PcPAF would enable the further drug development of this compound.
