Research progress of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for zinc-air batteries

Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are widely studied because of their high theoretical energy density,high battery voltage,environmental protection,and low price.However,the slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)on the air electrode limits the further application of ZABs,so that how to develop a cheap,efficient,and stable catalyst with bifunctional catalytic activity is the key to solving the development of ZABs.Transition metal compounds are widely used as cathode materials for ZABs due to their low cost,high electrocatalytic activity,and stable structure.This review summarizes the research progress of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for ZABs.The development history,operation principle,and mechanism of ORR and OER reactions are introduced first.The application and development of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for ZABs in recent years are systematically introduced,including transition metal oxides(TMOs),transition metal nitrides(TMNs),transition metal sulfides(TMSs),transition metal carbides(TMCs),transition metal phosphates(TMPs),and others.In addition,the shortcomings of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for ZABs were summarized and reasonable design strategies and improvement measures were put forward,aiming at providing a reference for the design and construction of high-performance ZABs cathode materials.Finally,the challenges and future in this field are discussed and prospected.

金属-二氧化碳电池的发展:机理及关键材料

金属-二氧化碳(Me-CO2)电池结合了先进储能和有效固定CO2的双重特性,被视为下一代能源转换和储存以及CO2捕获和利用器件的潜在候选者。然而,目前Me-CO2电池面临如倍率性能差、高极化率、CO2转换效率低、循环寿命短等一系列的挑战。为了便于了解Me-CO2电池的最新研究并促进其发展,本文系统地总结、比较和讨论了基于金属(锂、钠、铝、锌、钾)阳极的Me-CO2电池的发展,包括电池放电/充电机制、阴极材料/电催化剂、电解质、金属电极等,着重阐明了电极和电解质等功能材料对电极反应稳定性和速率的影响,展望了合理构建电池材料的前景和方向,为Me-CO2电池的发展提供指导。