The Application and Operation-Effect Analysis for Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures with 3D Printing Technique

Objective: To investigate the value of 3D printing techniques in the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures. Methods: From September 2016 to September 2018, 28 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures were treated in our hospital. According to the odevity of hospitalized order, the patients were divided into two groups. Group A used 3D reconstruction, virtually reduction, 3D printing and demonstration of individual fracture model before operation while group B only received conventional process by use X-rays or CT image. Comparison between the two groups was made in operation time, operative blood loss, radiation frequency, surgery instrument cost and knee function score. Results: The follow-up was 14.4 months on average (ranged 6 to 22 months). There was no statistical difference of the surgery instrument cost between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B (P χ2 = 0.373, P = 0.54). Conclusion: 3D printing techniques can improve surgery effect in complex tibial plateau fractures.

响应曲面法优化木薯酒精污泥基活性炭制备及对没食子酸的吸附性能

以木薯酒精厂生产过程中产生的脱水污泥为原料,采用响应曲面法Box-Behnken模型优化了木薯酒精污泥基活性炭的制备工艺,同时对最优成品进行一系列表征分析,并将其应用于没食子酸废水的处理研究。活性炭的最优制备条件为活化温度489℃,浸渍时间14 h,活化时间51 min,氯化锌浓度21.53%,该条件下样品的碘吸附值达521.64 mg/g。表征分析显示其表面布有众多孔壁较薄、大小不一的孔洞,金属含量较小,BET比表面积达441.86 m2/g,平均孔径为2.50 nm,拥有丰富的微孔结构,表面富有较多的含氧官能团。考察了活性炭投加量、pH、接触时间、溶液温度对样品去除水中没食子酸的影响。结果表明,样品能够高效去除没食子酸,且随着投加量的增加和pH值降低,没食子酸的去除率呈增长趋势。木薯酒精污泥基活性炭对没食子酸的吸附符合pseudo second-order动力学模型和Freundlich等温模型,最大吸附量为126.72 mg/g。扩散机理显示除颗粒内扩散外也包含液膜扩散过程。热力学分析表明该吸附反应是自发进行的吸热且熵增的过程。本研究将为制备高性能污泥活性炭并应用于高浓度天然有机物废水处理提供理论基础。

磁性离子交换树脂强化水源中有机物去除性能研究

在调查某水厂水源水质及传统工艺处理效能的基础上,对比探讨了粉末活性炭和磁性离子交换树脂分别以预吸附、预吸附-混凝、混凝沉淀-吸附等不同工艺对水源水中溶解性有机物的去除效能,确定了最佳工艺。该水源存在季节性有机物污染,亲水性有机质占比80%。水厂传统工艺对有机物的去除能力约20%~30%。与其他工艺相比,树脂预吸附-混凝对有机物的去除功效最好,DOC和UV;的去除率分别达到41.48%和80.0%,与单独强化混凝相比,该工艺可将DOC和UV;的去除效率分别提高17.7和35.49个百分点,且可减少86.67%的混凝剂投加量。Langmuir等温线模型和拟二级动力学方程可定量描述树脂吸附有机物平衡和动力学。磁性离子交换树脂预吸附可作为该水厂强化去除水源中溶解性有机物的可靠技术。