Advances in Multidisciplinary Treatment of Rectal Cancer

To summarize the advances in the multidisciplinarytreatment of rectal cancer and to analyze the existing problems anddevelopment prospects.The full text database retrieval system ofMEDLINE and the periodicals of CHKD were searched.The words'rectal cancer,diagnosis,surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,targeted therapy,analysis' were used as key words for retrievalof literature concerning the values and clinical significance ofrectal cancer multidisciplinary treatment from January,2000 toDecember,2007.Thirty papers were selected,of which 26 wereused in analysis at last.Accurate preoperative staging of rectalcancer is a key factor in the multidisciplinary and comprehensivetreatment of patients.A new therapy which is combined withradical operation can reduce the rate of local recurrence,prolongsurvival time,and particularly,promote the rate of sphincterpreservation.Radical surgery combined with adjuvant therapy isstill recognized as standard treatment modality for the patientswith rectal cancer in stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ.Total removal of resectablemetastases followed by prompt standard adjuvant therapy mayextend survival time.The introduction of new chemical drugs,drugs of targeting therapy,and a regimen of combination therapymay improve outcomes in treatment for rectal cancer patients.Atreatment standard for rectal cancer patients needs to be activelypursued.Compared with colon cancer patients,there has notbeen sufficient evidence to confirm that the total survival rate ofrectal cancer patients after multidisciplinary and comprehensivetreatments has been improved;therefore,it needs to be furtherstudied.

培美曲塞/顺铂二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌:一例报告及文献复习(英文)

The aim of our study was to explore the value of second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of NSCLC was given second-line treatment of pemertrexed/cisplatin. Follow-up was made to observe progression free survival (PFS) and survival time. She was given 4 cycles first-line treatment of recombinant human endostatin plus gemcitabine/cisplatin previously; the efficacy was CR and PFS was 10.2 months. After the 5th cycle treatment of pemetrexed/cisplatin, the efficacy of the primary tumor was CR, and bone metastases was stable. PFS was 6.6 months, and the patient has been survival for 22 months. Quality of life (QOL) of the patient was improved. When advanced NSCLC is recurrence or metastasis, starting second-line treatment of pemetrexed/cisplatin timely can prolong survival time and improve QOL.

Effect of modified Taohongsiwu decoction on patients with chemotherapy-induced hand-foot syndrome

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of the Traditional Chinese Medicine,modified Taohongsiwu decoction,versus pyridoxine on patients with hand-foot syndrome(HFS)from capecitabine,sorafenib,and gefitinib chemotherapy for gastric,lung,breast,colon,or rectal cancer.Also,to compare quality of life of patients in each group.METHODS:Patients were assigned randomly to group A or B.Group A was given modifiedTaohongsiwu decoction to soak hands and feet for 30 min,once daily.Group B was given 100 mg pyridoxine orally,twice daily.After a 2-week treatment,thetherapeutic effect was assessed by observing three major symptoms,including pain,ulceration,and muscular atrophy.This was assessed with the HFS-14 questionnaire.RESULTS:Significant differences were observed between the two groups in pain relief,and improvement of daily life,walking,and interpersonal communication(P<0.01).No significant differences in driving ability or interpersonal relationships were found.After 2 weeks,the effective rate was 88.3%in group A,which was significantly higher than the50%in group B(P=0.00).CONCLUSION:Modified Taohongsiwu decoction is effective in the treatment of patients with HFS.It improves patients'quality of life according to the HFS-14.

Mechanism and effect of Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) on serum calcium in spontaneously hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To observe the impact of Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) on spontaneously hypertensive rats via blood pressure, serum calcium, vascular smooth muscle membrane L-type calcium channel α1 C subunit (CaL-α1C), plasma membrane calcium-ATPase (PMCA) mRNA expression, and the L-type calcium channel in vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS:Twelve-week-old male rats with spontaneous hypertension were divided into three groups: a Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) group (group 1), a nifedipine group (group 2), and a distilled water group (group 3). All were given a four-week treatment. Blood pressure and dissociative serum calcium were examined before treatment. Blood pressure was taken every week during treatment. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to examine dissociative serum calcium. Re-verse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of CaL-α1C and PM-CA1 mRNA. The patch clamp technique was used to examine the electrophysiological characteristics of the vascular smooth muscle cell calcium channels. RESULTS: After treatment, blood pressure of the Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) group lowered but not significantly (P>0.05). Blood pressure of the nifedipine group lowered significantly (P<0.05). Blood pressure of the distilled water group remained high. The concentration of serum calcium in the Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) and the distilled water groups lowered (P<0.05). Expression of CaL-α1C mRNA in the nifedipine group decreased compared with the distilled water group (P<0.01). There was the decreasing trend in the Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) group, but it was not statistically significant. Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) also had effects on the expression of PMCA1 mRNA but with- out statistical significance. However, there was a significant decreasing effect on vascular smooth muscle cell I Ca-L flow. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis) could increase serum calcium and decrease blood pressure. It may work by influencing calcium channels, expression of PMCA1 mRNA, and regulating ion calcium channels and calcium-ATPase.