Cucurbitaceae is one of the most important plant families distributed worldwide.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate plant growth at the transcription level.Here,we performed a systematic analysis of 42641 TFs from 63 f...Cucurbitaceae is one of the most important plant families distributed worldwide.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate plant growth at the transcription level.Here,we performed a systematic analysis of 42641 TFs from 63 families in 14 Cucurbitaceae and 10 non-cucurbit species.Whole-genome duplication(WGD)was the dominant event type in almost all Cucurbitaceae plants.The TF families were divided into 1210 orthogroups(OGs),of which,112 were unique to Cucurbitaceae.Although the loss of several gene families was detected in Cucurbitaceae,the gene families expanded in five species that experienced a WGD event comparing with grape.Our findings revealed that the recent WGD events that had occurred in Cucurbitaceae played important roles in the expansion of most TF families.The functional enrichment analysis of the genes that significantly expanded or contracted uncovered five gene families,AUX/IAA,NAC,NBS,HB,and NF-YB.Finally,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the TCP gene family and identified 16 tendril-related(TEN)genes in 11 Cucurbitaceae species.Interestingly,the characteristic sequence changed from CNNFYFP to CNNFYLP in the TEN gene(Bhi06M000087)of Benincasa hispida.Furthermore,we identified a new characteristic sequence,YNN,which could be used for TEN gene exploitation in Cucurbitaceae.In conclusion,this study will serve as a reference for studying the relationship between gene family evolution and genome duplication.Moreover,it will provide rich genetic resources for functional Cucurbitaceae studies in the future.展开更多
Underwater pulsed discharge is widely applied in medicine, machining, and material modification.The induced cavitation bubble and subsequent cavitation collapse are considered the major motivations behind these applic...Underwater pulsed discharge is widely applied in medicine, machining, and material modification.The induced cavitation bubble and subsequent cavitation collapse are considered the major motivations behind these applications. This paper presents an underwater pulsed discharge system.The experimental setup is established to induce and investigate the cavitation bubble assisted with a high-speed camera. Three aspects, including the characteristic of the discharge with different applied voltages and conductivities, the evolution of the cavitation bubble profile, and the energy efficiency of cavitation bubble inducing, are investigated, respectively. Especially, the mechanism of pre-discharge time delay in the low field intensity case is explained using the Joule heat effect.The results show the validity of the underwater pulsed discharger and experimental setup. The present underwater pulsed discharger is proved to be a simple, portable, and easy-to-implement device for the investigation of cavitation bubble dynamics.展开更多
Based on piezoelectric ultrasound technology,the paper theoretically analyses the determination of gas concentration and presents a norm-contrast method,which is realized by high-speed chip CPLD (Complex programmable ...Based on piezoelectric ultrasound technology,the paper theoretically analyses the determination of gas concentration and presents a norm-contrast method,which is realized by high-speed chip CPLD (Complex programmable logic device),to determine the concentration of SF_6 accurately with air as background.It is proved that this sensor can determine the concentration of SF_6 with the precision of 50μg/g.The sensor is in the process of producing.展开更多
An orthogonal ultrasonic irradiation system consisting of HIFU with frequency at 1.05 MHz combined with ultrasound with frequency at 28 kHz was applied in this paper.Effect of cavitation was detected by pH-value measu...An orthogonal ultrasonic irradiation system consisting of HIFU with frequency at 1.05 MHz combined with ultrasound with frequency at 28 kHz was applied in this paper.Effect of cavitation was detected by pH-value measurement and conductance measurement.The result shows that the effect of cavitation caused by ultrasound with frequency at 28 kHz is greatly enhanced by HIFU piezoelectricity transducer with frequency at 1.05 MHz.展开更多
Cavitation bubble collapse near rough solid wall is modeled by the multi-relaxation-time (MRT) pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann (LB) model. The modified forcing scheme, which can achieve LB model’s thermodynamic con...Cavitation bubble collapse near rough solid wall is modeled by the multi-relaxation-time (MRT) pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann (LB) model. The modified forcing scheme, which can achieve LB model’s thermodynamic consistency by tuning a parameter related with the particle interaction range, is adopted to achieve desired stability and density ratio. The bubble collapse near rough solid wall was simulated by the improved MRT pseudopotential LB model. The mechanism of bubble collapse is studied by investigating the bubble profiles, pressure field and velocity field evolution. The eroding effects of collapsing bubble are analyzed in details. It is found that the process and the effect of the interaction between bubble collapse and rough solid wall are affected seriously by the geometry of solid boundary. At the same time, it demonstrates that the MRT pseudopotential LB model is a potential tool for the investigation of the interaction mechanism between the collapsing bubble and complex geometry boundary.展开更多
Introduction:To explore the feasibility of pulsed ultraviolet(UV)light technology for low-temperature disinfection,a series of experiments were conducted.Methods:Pulsed UV technology’s effectiveness in disinfecting G...Introduction:To explore the feasibility of pulsed ultraviolet(UV)light technology for low-temperature disinfection,a series of experiments were conducted.Methods:Pulsed UV technology’s effectiveness in disinfecting Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli on different carriers were studied under varying temperatures.Results:Under different temperatures and constant radiation illumination(i.e.,distance),the disinfection effect was correlated with irradiation time;among the three carriers,the disinfection effect of cloth sheets was the best,followed by stainless steel sheets,and corrugated paper sheet.The disinfection effect on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was better than that on Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus overall.Discussion:Temperature has a limited effect on pulsed UV disinfection.Irradiation times and carrier types are influencing factors.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(Grant No.C2021209005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32172583)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of Hebei Province(Grant No.C2022209010)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2020M673188,2021T140097).
文摘Cucurbitaceae is one of the most important plant families distributed worldwide.Transcription factors(TFs)regulate plant growth at the transcription level.Here,we performed a systematic analysis of 42641 TFs from 63 families in 14 Cucurbitaceae and 10 non-cucurbit species.Whole-genome duplication(WGD)was the dominant event type in almost all Cucurbitaceae plants.The TF families were divided into 1210 orthogroups(OGs),of which,112 were unique to Cucurbitaceae.Although the loss of several gene families was detected in Cucurbitaceae,the gene families expanded in five species that experienced a WGD event comparing with grape.Our findings revealed that the recent WGD events that had occurred in Cucurbitaceae played important roles in the expansion of most TF families.The functional enrichment analysis of the genes that significantly expanded or contracted uncovered five gene families,AUX/IAA,NAC,NBS,HB,and NF-YB.Finally,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the TCP gene family and identified 16 tendril-related(TEN)genes in 11 Cucurbitaceae species.Interestingly,the characteristic sequence changed from CNNFYFP to CNNFYLP in the TEN gene(Bhi06M000087)of Benincasa hispida.Furthermore,we identified a new characteristic sequence,YNN,which could be used for TEN gene exploitation in Cucurbitaceae.In conclusion,this study will serve as a reference for studying the relationship between gene family evolution and genome duplication.Moreover,it will provide rich genetic resources for functional Cucurbitaceae studies in the future.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11874140, 11574072)National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0401600)+2 种基金Primary Research and Development Plan of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BE2016056)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2017B17814)Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. KYCX18_0552)
文摘Underwater pulsed discharge is widely applied in medicine, machining, and material modification.The induced cavitation bubble and subsequent cavitation collapse are considered the major motivations behind these applications. This paper presents an underwater pulsed discharge system.The experimental setup is established to induce and investigate the cavitation bubble assisted with a high-speed camera. Three aspects, including the characteristic of the discharge with different applied voltages and conductivities, the evolution of the cavitation bubble profile, and the energy efficiency of cavitation bubble inducing, are investigated, respectively. Especially, the mechanism of pre-discharge time delay in the low field intensity case is explained using the Joule heat effect.The results show the validity of the underwater pulsed discharger and experimental setup. The present underwater pulsed discharger is proved to be a simple, portable, and easy-to-implement device for the investigation of cavitation bubble dynamics.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10574038);development project of high-tech industry of universities in Jiangsu (JHB05-08);Changzhou scientific and technological bureau (CE2005026).
文摘Based on piezoelectric ultrasound technology,the paper theoretically analyses the determination of gas concentration and presents a norm-contrast method,which is realized by high-speed chip CPLD (Complex programmable logic device),to determine the concentration of SF_6 accurately with air as background.It is proved that this sensor can determine the concentration of SF_6 with the precision of 50μg/g.The sensor is in the process of producing.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10574038)development project of high-tech industry of universities in Jiangsu(JHB05-08)Changzhou scientific and technological bureau(CE2005026).
文摘An orthogonal ultrasonic irradiation system consisting of HIFU with frequency at 1.05 MHz combined with ultrasound with frequency at 28 kHz was applied in this paper.Effect of cavitation was detected by pH-value measurement and conductance measurement.The result shows that the effect of cavitation caused by ultrasound with frequency at 28 kHz is greatly enhanced by HIFU piezoelectricity transducer with frequency at 1.05 MHz.
文摘Cavitation bubble collapse near rough solid wall is modeled by the multi-relaxation-time (MRT) pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann (LB) model. The modified forcing scheme, which can achieve LB model’s thermodynamic consistency by tuning a parameter related with the particle interaction range, is adopted to achieve desired stability and density ratio. The bubble collapse near rough solid wall was simulated by the improved MRT pseudopotential LB model. The mechanism of bubble collapse is studied by investigating the bubble profiles, pressure field and velocity field evolution. The eroding effects of collapsing bubble are analyzed in details. It is found that the process and the effect of the interaction between bubble collapse and rough solid wall are affected seriously by the geometry of solid boundary. At the same time, it demonstrates that the MRT pseudopotential LB model is a potential tool for the investigation of the interaction mechanism between the collapsing bubble and complex geometry boundary.
文摘Introduction:To explore the feasibility of pulsed ultraviolet(UV)light technology for low-temperature disinfection,a series of experiments were conducted.Methods:Pulsed UV technology’s effectiveness in disinfecting Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli on different carriers were studied under varying temperatures.Results:Under different temperatures and constant radiation illumination(i.e.,distance),the disinfection effect was correlated with irradiation time;among the three carriers,the disinfection effect of cloth sheets was the best,followed by stainless steel sheets,and corrugated paper sheet.The disinfection effect on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was better than that on Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus overall.Discussion:Temperature has a limited effect on pulsed UV disinfection.Irradiation times and carrier types are influencing factors.