The public health and ecological impacts of volatile organic compound(VOCs) pollution have become a serious problem in China,arousing increasing attention to emissions control.In this context,this paper analyses the e...The public health and ecological impacts of volatile organic compound(VOCs) pollution have become a serious problem in China,arousing increasing attention to emissions control.In this context,this paper analyses the effectiveness of VOC reduction policies,namely pollution charges and environmental taxes at the national and industrial sector levels.It uses a computable general equilibrium model,which connects macroeconomic variables with VOC emissions inventory,to simulate the effects of policy scenarios(with 2007 as the reference year).This paper shows that VOC emissions are reduced by 2.2% when a pollution charge equal to the average cost of engineering reduction methods-the traditional approach to regulation in China-is applied.In order to achieve a similar reduction,an 8.9% indirect tax would have to be imposed.It concludes that an environmental tax should be the preferred method of VOC regulation due to its smaller footprint on the macroeconomy.Other policies,such as subsidies,should be used as supplements.展开更多
To expand the use of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)based self-lubricating composite,flexible MOFs MIL-88D has been studied as a nanocontainer for loading lubricant.In this work,the mechanism of oleamine adsorption an...To expand the use of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)based self-lubricating composite,flexible MOFs MIL-88D has been studied as a nanocontainer for loading lubricant.In this work,the mechanism of oleamine adsorption and desorption by MIL-88D was investigated through molecular simulations and experiments.Molecular simulations showed that the oleamines can be physically adsorbed into open MIL-88Ds with the Fe and O atoms of MIL-88D interacting with oleamine NH2-group.Higher temperature can cause Ole@MIL-88D to release more oleamines,while higher pressure on Ole@MIL-88D caused less oleamines released.Moreover the Ole@MIL-88D was incorporated into epoxy resin(EP)for friction tests.The optimum mass ratio of MIL-88D to EP is 15 wt%,and the EP/Ole@MIL-88D prefers light load and high frequency friction.This work suggests that flexible MOFs can be used as a nanocontainer for loading lubricant,and can be used as a new self-lubricating composite.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China:[Grant Number2012CB955800]the National Natural Science Foundation(863 Program)of China:[Grant Number 2012 AA063101]the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant Number XDB05050200]
文摘The public health and ecological impacts of volatile organic compound(VOCs) pollution have become a serious problem in China,arousing increasing attention to emissions control.In this context,this paper analyses the effectiveness of VOC reduction policies,namely pollution charges and environmental taxes at the national and industrial sector levels.It uses a computable general equilibrium model,which connects macroeconomic variables with VOC emissions inventory,to simulate the effects of policy scenarios(with 2007 as the reference year).This paper shows that VOC emissions are reduced by 2.2% when a pollution charge equal to the average cost of engineering reduction methods-the traditional approach to regulation in China-is applied.In order to achieve a similar reduction,an 8.9% indirect tax would have to be imposed.It concludes that an environmental tax should be the preferred method of VOC regulation due to its smaller footprint on the macroeconomy.Other policies,such as subsidies,should be used as supplements.
基金Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment at Tsinghua University(Grant No.SKLTKF21B13)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(Grant No.E2021203092)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51905297)are acknowledged.
文摘To expand the use of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)based self-lubricating composite,flexible MOFs MIL-88D has been studied as a nanocontainer for loading lubricant.In this work,the mechanism of oleamine adsorption and desorption by MIL-88D was investigated through molecular simulations and experiments.Molecular simulations showed that the oleamines can be physically adsorbed into open MIL-88Ds with the Fe and O atoms of MIL-88D interacting with oleamine NH2-group.Higher temperature can cause Ole@MIL-88D to release more oleamines,while higher pressure on Ole@MIL-88D caused less oleamines released.Moreover the Ole@MIL-88D was incorporated into epoxy resin(EP)for friction tests.The optimum mass ratio of MIL-88D to EP is 15 wt%,and the EP/Ole@MIL-88D prefers light load and high frequency friction.This work suggests that flexible MOFs can be used as a nanocontainer for loading lubricant,and can be used as a new self-lubricating composite.
