1 Introduction Artificial neural networks(ANNs,also NNs)have recently emerged as leading candidate models for deep learning,popularly used in various areas[1–3].Behind the enormous success,ANNs are generally with com...1 Introduction Artificial neural networks(ANNs,also NNs)have recently emerged as leading candidate models for deep learning,popularly used in various areas[1–3].Behind the enormous success,ANNs are generally with complicated structures,there being an intricate data flow through multiple linear or nonlinear components between the input layer and the output layer.Consequently,it is pressing to evaluate how much a specific component contributes to the final output,termed the Credit Assignment Problem(CAP)[4]in this paper.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61872371,61836005 and 62032024)the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program.
文摘1 Introduction Artificial neural networks(ANNs,also NNs)have recently emerged as leading candidate models for deep learning,popularly used in various areas[1–3].Behind the enormous success,ANNs are generally with complicated structures,there being an intricate data flow through multiple linear or nonlinear components between the input layer and the output layer.Consequently,it is pressing to evaluate how much a specific component contributes to the final output,termed the Credit Assignment Problem(CAP)[4]in this paper.
