MiR-19a-3p/PTEN axis regulates the anticancer effect of circHIAT1in breast cancer in vitro

Objective: Breast cancer is a major cancer threatening the health of women globally. To elucidate the effect ofthe circHIAT1/miR-19a-3p/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) axis on regulating the malignant phenotype ofbreast cancer cells. Methods: The mRNA expression pattern of circHIAT1, miR-19a-3p, and PTEN was checked byreal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Then, the knockdown assay was carried out to explore the effect ofcircHIAT1 and miR-19a-3p on breast cancer. The relative cell experiments, including MTT assay, scratch assay,transwell invasion assay, and flow cytometry analysis, were conducted to verify the influence of circHIAT1 and miR-19a-3p on breast cancer cells. Results: The levels of PTEN and circHIAT1 were reduced, while that of miR-19a-3pwas elevated in breast cancer tissues and cells. MiR-19a-3p was proved to be the target gene of circHIAT1 via a dualluciferase experiment, which could also modulate the PTEN mRNA level. Overexpression of circHIAT1 was able toundermine the growth, migratory ability, and invasiveness in breast cancer cells, which could be antagonized by miR-19a-3p mimic. The inhibition of miR-19a-3p in vitro also impaired the malignancy of breast cancer, which dependedon the modulation of PTEN expression. Conclusion: CircHIAT1 controls the PTEN expression level in cells of breastcancer by negatively regulating miR-19a-3p. This mechanism controls the growth, invasion, and migration of breastcancer.

A data-driven approach to RUL prediction of tools

An effective and reliable prediction of the remaining useful life(RUL)of a tool is important to a metal forming process because it can significantly reduce unexpected maintenance,avoid machine shutdowns and increase system stability.This study proposes a new data-driven approach to the RUL prediction for metal forming processes under multiple contact sliding conditions.The data-driven approach took advantage of bidirectional long short-term memory(BLSTM)and convolutional neural networks(CNN).A pre-trained lightweight CNN-based network,WearNet,was re-trained to classify the wear states of workpiece surfaces with a high accuracy,then the classification results were passed into a BLSTM-based regression model as inputs for RUL estimation.The experimental results demonstrated that this approach was able to predict the RUL values with a small error(below 5%)and a low root mean square error(RMSE)(around 1.5),which was more superior and robust than the other state-of-the-art methods.

Movement History of the Microcontinents from the Tibetan Plateau Based on Paleomagnetic Results with Sufficient Sampling Units

Paleomagnetic results cannot be applied in global and regional tectonic reconstructions unless the paleosecular variation has been adequately averaged.However,how many sampling sites and samples are enough to calculate a reliable paleopole remains debated.Based on the relation among the sampling sites N,the precision parameter k,the virtual geomagnetic pole scatter s,and the confidence limit A_(95) of the paleopole,we find that 20 sites(samples)or more are required to yield a paleopole with an A_(95)≈5°based on a review of available paleomagnetic results from the Lhasa,Qiangtang and Tethyan Himalaya.Random samplings of Jurassic virtual geomagnetic poles from the Sangri area show that the Fisher mean pole with neglectable angle deviation can be obtained when sampling sites increase to 20.High-quality paleomagnetic results,with sites/samples number N/n≥~20–30,show that the Qiangtang,Lhasa,and Tethyan Himalaya moved northward in the Late Permian–Middle Triassic,Jurassic,and Cretaceous,respectively,and then accreted to Asia in the Late Triassic,Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous and Paleocene–Early Eocene,respectively.

Debris effect on the surface wear and damage evolution of counterpart materials subjected to contact sliding

This paper aims to explore the debris effect on surface wear and damage evolution of counterpart materials during contact sliding.A cylinder-on-flat testing configuration is used to investigate the wear behaviours of the contact pair.To explore the roles of wear debris,compressed air is applied to remove the debris in sliding zones.The comparative study demonstrates that the influence of debris removal is related to the surface properties of contact pairs.When substantial wear debris accumulates on the tool surface,debris removal can considerably alter surface damage evolution,resulting in different friction transitions,distinct surface morphology of contact pair,as well as different rates of material removal.It has been found that the surface damage evolution will not reach a stable stage unless the increase of wear particle number ceases or the average size of wear particles becomes lower than a specific threshold.However,the influence of debris removal reduces when the adhesion between the contact pair materials gets smaller.

Synthesis and Bioactivity of New Chalcone Derivatives as Po-tential Tyrosinase Activator Based on the Click Chemistry

A new series of(E)-1-(4-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one 1a-15a and(E)-3-(4-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one 1b-15b were designed,synthesized based on click chemistry,and biologically evaluated for their activity on tyrosinase.The result showed that most of prepared compounds 1a-15a have potent activating effect on tyrosinase,especially for 3a,8a-10a and 14a-15a.Among them,compounds 10a and 14a demonstrated the best activity with EC_(50)=1.71 and 5.60μmol•L^(−1) respectively,even better than the positive control 8-MOP(EC50=14.8μmol•L^(−1)).Conversely,com-pounds 3b,5b-6b,9b-10b,and 15b induced enzymatic inhibition on tyrosinase.

Transcriptional divergence between cDC1s and cDC2s: an AP1–IRF composite element-dependent program

Conventional dendritic cells(cDCs)are categorized into two main subsets,cDC1 and cDC2,distinguished by their differential expression of cell surface markers,and the development of these two cDC subsets is dependent on interferon regulatory factor 8(IRF8)and IRF4,respectively.1 Kim et al.2 recently reported that cDC1 can be distinguished from cDC2 based on an AP1–IRF composite element(AICE)-dependent gene program.IRF8 at a high concentration engages AICEs at enhancer regions to direct a program toward establishing the cDC1 identity.These findings provide a molecular basis to explain the distinct transcriptional signatures of cDC1s and cDC2s.

Dynamical spontaneous scalarization in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory

We study the linear instability and nonlinear dynamical evolution of the Reissner-Nordstrom(RN)black hole in the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory in asymptotic flat spacetime.We focus on the coupling function f(φ)=e^(-bφ^(2)),which facilitates both scalar-free RN and scalarized black hole solutions.We first present the evolution of system parameters during dynamic scalarization.For parameter regions in which spontaneous scalarization occurs,we observe that the evolution of the scalar field at the horizon is dominated by the fundamental unstable mode from linear analysis at early times.At late times,the nonlinear evolution can be considered to be the perturbation of scalarized black holes.

Instability of regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet de-Sitter black holes

We studied the instability of regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet de-Sitter black holes under charged scalar perturbations.The unstable modes satisfy the superradiant condition,but not all of the modes satisfying the superradiant condition are unstable.The instability occurs when the cosmological constant is small and the black hole charge is not too large.The Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant further destabilizes black holes when both the black hole charge and the cosmological constant are small and further stabilizes black holes when the black hole charge is large.

Linear instability of charged massless scalar perturbation in regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet anti de-Sitter black holes

We study the linear instability of the charged massless scalar perturbation in regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS black holes by exploring their quasinormal modes.We find that the linear instability is triggered by superradiance.The charged massless scalar perturbation becomes more unstable with increasing Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant or black hole charge.Decreasing the AdS radius,on the other hand,will make the charged massless scalar perturbation more stable.The stable region in parameter space(α,Q,Λ)is given.Moreover,we find that the charged massless scalar perturbation is more unstable for larger scalar charge.The modes of multipoles are more stable than that of the monopole.

Design,synthesis and bioactivity of chalcones and its analogues

The Vernohia anthelmintica L.＇s extract is one of the most popular Uygur medicines used for vitiligo. It is believed that the chalcone compounds of the plant play an important role in the treatment since they may activate tyrosinase and improve melanin production. In this study, twenty-one chalcones and nine analogues were synthesized in view of three different components of chalcone（A, B ring and a,b-unsaturated carbonyl）. After biological evaluation of their activity on tyrosinase in cell-free systems,the result showed that most compounds（except polyhydroxy chalcones） possess activator effect on the tyrosinase, especially for 13a–15a, 20 a and 1b, which bearing a comparable activity to the positive control8-MOP. SAR of these tyrosinase activator was summed up for the first time as well. Finally, compound 13 a was found to increase melanin contents and tyrosinase activity 1.75 and 1.3 fold, respectively, compared with that of untreated murine B16 cells at the concentration of 40 mg/m L.