拉曼光谱学结合人工智能算法的分析技术研究

皮质醇和肾上腺素通常被认为是与压力相关的生理指标分子,肾上腺素还与睾酮的分泌相关,但是这些分子的拉曼光谱特征峰与血红蛋白的拉曼光谱特征峰互相重叠,难以区分。结合拉曼光谱学与人工智能算法,可将这些生理指标分子的拉曼光谱特征从二元和三元水相混合物中提取出来,实现同时对多个生理指标分子的定量分析。进一步使用卷积神经网络(CNN)可以提高分析性能,将实现高于94%的准确率,为将来全面健康监测提供便利。

丝网印刷法制备Y改性CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层研究

目的提高SOFC金属连接件CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层高温抗氧化性能和导电性能。方法采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Y改性CuMn2O4尖晶石粉末,采用丝网印刷技术在SUS430合金表面制备Y改性CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层。利用XRD、SEM表征Y改性CuMn2O4尖晶石粉体及涂层的物相结构及微观形貌。利用氧化增重实验研究Y改性前后CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层试样在800℃空气中氧化168 h的高温氧化行为,通过“四点法”测量涂层在高温氧化过程中的面比电阻值。结果CuMn2O4尖晶石粉末的晶格常数随着稀土Y含量的增大而增大,当Y元素的含量为0.02 mol/L时,晶格常数增幅趋于平缓,此时所得粉体物相结构稳定,结晶程度较好,晶粒尺寸细小且颗粒间团聚现象较少。Y改性前后CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层试样的氧化动力学曲线均遵循抛物线氧化定律,其氧化速率常数分别为9.39×10^−5、6.31×10^−5 mg^2/(cm^4·h)。Y改性CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层试样在800℃氧化168 h时的面比电阻值约为26.2 mΩ·cm^2,低于未改性涂层试样的面比电阻值(约27.3 mΩ·cm^2)。结论Y改性CuMn2O4尖晶石涂层能有效改善金属连接体的高温抗氧化性能和导电性能。

CeO2掺杂Si-B复合涂层的制备及氧化行为

采用两步包埋渗的方法在钼基体表面制备了不同CeO 2掺杂量的Si-B复合涂层,通过XRD、EDS和SEM分析了CeO 2掺杂对Si-B复合涂层在1150℃氧化前后表面物相和截面形貌的影响,并采用失重法研究了CeO 2掺杂前后Si-B复合涂层在1150℃下氧化160 h的氧化动力学行为。结果表明:适量CeO 2的掺杂对Si具有一定的催渗效果,当CeO 2掺杂量为1%(质量分数)时,所制备的Si-B复合涂层的厚度最大且均匀致密,但随着CeO 2掺杂量的增加,涂层厚度有所减小。CeO 2掺杂Si-B复合涂层在1150℃下氧化前70 h的氧化速率常数值(1.48×10-4 mg 2/(cm 4·h))较未掺杂时明显降低,这表明CeO 2掺杂Si-B复合涂层的高温抗氧化性能较好。

教师经验向教师智慧转变的应然及其实现

教师经验和教师智慧都是教师职业专业化成长中十分宝贵的财富,教师经验与教师智慧比较具有自身多方面局限性,教师经验向教师智慧转变具有内在的应然。对教师经验进行概念性反思认知和理解性认知是教师经验向教师智慧转变和升华的两个具有内在逻辑关系的两个阶段,概念性反思认知为理解性认知的形成创造必要的基础和条件,理解性认知的达成标志着教师智慧的生成,两者统一于教师职业的专业化成长过程的实践中。

针对特定领域的新词发现方法研究

如何准确识别文本中的领域新词是保证企事业内数据安全中的一项重要任务,针对特定领域语料的特性,提出一种针对特定领域的新词发现方法。首先预处理语料,其次采用Jieba结合本领域的成词策略分词,N-gram滑动取词得到候选词串,再次利用点互信息、邻接熵、词频与归一化得分筛选新词,从次新词向量化并降维,最后K-means分离领域或常用新词,从而得到领域新词集。解决了通用新词发现方法在特定领域的不适应性问题,在某领域约10万行的语料数据上,通过对比实验验证了上述方法的有效性。

闽北农村居民高血压危险因素流行病学研究

目的:研究分析闽北农村地区高血压流行现状及合并的心血管危险因素。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,按标准化调查方法于2013年6月~2014年3月间对闽北农村地区6个乡镇8个村≥35岁常住居民1784人进行流行病学调查问卷和体检。诊断标准依据《中国高血压防治指南2010》定义,多因素分析采用Logistic回归方法。结果:闽北农村地区人口高血压患病率17.43%(311/1784),标化后高血压患病率23.21%,其中男性为18.66%,女性为16.13%,任何年龄段男女性高血压患病率差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、超重(BMI≥24kg/m2)、高甘油三酯及空腹血糖是高血压的独立危险因素(OR=1.107~2.096,P<0.05或<0.01)。结论:闽北农村地区高血压患病率处于较高水平,年龄、超重、高甘油三酯及空腹血糖是高血压的主要危险因素。

Optimization of Extraction Process of Quercetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus Using Orthogonal Design

[Objectives]This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of quercetin from Flos Sophorae Immaturus.[Methods]The natural product quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted method,and the content of quercetin in the extract was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The effect of ethanol concentration,solid/liquid ratio,temperature,time and ultrasonic power on the yield of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was investigated by using single-factor experiments.Based on the results of single-factor experiments,an orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the extraction process.The experimental data obtained were subjected to range analysis,analysis of variance and SSR test using SPSS 20.0 software to obtain the optimal extraction process.The results concluded were verified.[Results]The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction process for quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was as follows:temperature of 85℃,time of 30 min,solid/liquid ratio of 1∶20 g/mL,ethanol concentration of 50%.Under the optimal extraction conditions,the yield of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus was the highest.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of quercetin in Flos Sophorae Immaturus.

Study on the Technological Conditions of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Ajuga ciliata Bunge (Fujian)

[Objectives]To determine the optimum technological conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ajuga ciliata Bunge.[Methods]In this study,Ajuga ciliata Bunge was used as raw material,and an orthogonal experiment was designed based on the single factor experiment to investigate the effects of ultrasonic time,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic power on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian).Range analysis,variance analysis and SSR test of significant differences between groups were carried out with SPSS 20.0,and the test results were verified.[Results]Under the conditions of ultrasonic temperature of 85℃,ultrasonic time of 80 min,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶15 g/mL and ultrasonic power of 500 W,the yield of polysaccharides from A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian)was the best.[Conclusions]This study can provide theoretical basis for the application of A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian).

Optimization of Conditions for Extracting Luteolin from Ternate Grape Fern Herb by an Orthogonal Experiment

[Objectives] This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of luteolin, a natural product of Ternate Grape Fern Herb, so as to provide a theoretical research basis for the chemical composition, pharmacological research and preparation development of Ternate Grape Fern Herb. [Methods] The effects of four factors including ultrasonic extraction time, liquid-to-material ratio, ultrasonic extraction temperature and ethanol concentration on extraction yield of luteolin from Ternate Grape Fern Herb were investigated by the ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology, through a single-factor experiment and an orthogonal experiment based on the single-factor experiment, and the experimental data was subjected to variance analysis and SSR analysis of the significance of differences between groups by SPSS20.0 software to select the optimal extraction process conditions. [Results] The optimal extraction process conditions were as follows: ultrasonic extraction time 25 min, liquid-to-material ratio 25∶1 ml/g, ethanol volume fraction 60%, ultrasonic extraction temperature 85 ℃. [Conclusions] The results were verified, and it was determined that the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process established in this study is reasonable and reliable, and can be used for the extraction of luteolin.

Comparative Analysis of the Evolution of Community Space in Chengdu-Chongqing Region: A Case Study of Main Urban Areas in Chengdu and Chongqing

Due to the integrated development between Chengdu and Chongqing,there are a large number of residents flowing into the two cities from their surrounding areas,so community renewal is imminent.Because of the similarity in the historical and cultural background of the two places,a comparative analysis of the evolution of community space in Chengdu-Chongqing Region enables Chengdu and Chongqing learn from each other and speed up the pace of renewal.This paper analyzed the evolution of community space in main urban areas of Chengdu and Chongqing.Specifically,the evolution of community space in Chengdu and Chongqing went through three stages.The starting time of community renewal in the two places was very close,but the duration of each stage varied.The second stage of Chengdu continued for a longer time,so its renovation and renewal of the community space was more detailed and thorough,and the emphasis and extension direction of the evolution of the community space were different.The evolution of community space in both Chengdu and Chongqing went through"mechanical renewal of demolition and construction—small-scale gradual renewal",but the path of renewal and development of the community space in Chengdu was faster.This paper,from the perspective of the evolution of community space,put forward the framework and content of community renewal in Chengdu and Chongqing based on community development and elaborated the community research content based on community development.

连续立体空间下传感器节点覆盖部署方法研究:以水质监测为例

感知覆盖和网络通信对传感器网络监测的准确性、全面性以及数据传输具有重要意义。针对连续立体空间中传感器节点部署问题,提出了一种基于三维有限控制集的节点部署方法。首先采用一定的离散化尺寸将连续立体空间离散化,提取出一组可以代表连续空间中无限侯选位置的三维有限控制集;然后基于三维有限控制集构建考虑通信的最大覆盖模型。水下空间是一种典型的连续立体空间,一些水质监测变量在水下空间存在垂直方向的差异性,以水质监测为例,进行水下节点部署仿真,对空间离散化造成的误差进行分析,对比该方法和其他方法的覆盖效果。结果表明,提出的立体空间中节点部署方法可以有效部署节点,利用较少的节点达到较高的覆盖度,并且在部署节点数目较少的时候,仍可以保证节点之间的通信。

The deubiquitinating enzyme 13 retards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via blocking inactive rhomboid protein 2-dependent pathway

Nowadays potential preclinical drugs for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)have failed to achieve expected therapeutic efficacy because the pathogenic mechanisms are underestimated.Inactive rhomboid protein 2(IRHOM2),a promising target for treatment of inflammation-related diseases,contributes to deregulated hepatocyte metabolism-associated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)progression.However,the molecular mechanism underlying Irhom2 regulation is still not completely understood.In this work,we identify the ubiquitin-specific protease 13(USP13)as a critical and novel endogenous blocker of IRHOM2,and we also indicate that USP13 is an IRHOM2-interacting protein that catalyzes deubiquitination of Irhom2 in hepatocytes.Hepatocyte-specific loss of the Usp13 disrupts liver metabolic homeostasis,followed by glycometabolic disorder,lipid deposition,increased inflammation,and markedly promotes NASH development.Conversely,transgenic mice with Usp13 overexpression,lentivirus(LV)-or adeno-associated virus(AAV)-driven Usp13 gene therapeutics mitigates NASH in 3 models of rodent.Mechanistically,in response to metabolic stresses,USP13 directly interacts with IRHOM2 and removes its K63-linked ubiquitination induced by ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2N(UBC13),a ubiquitin E2 conjugating enzyme,and thus prevents its activation of downstream cascade pathway.USP13 is a potential treatment target for NASH therapy by targeting the Irhom2 signaling pathway.

黑潮及其延伸区海表温度变化特征与大气环流相关性的初步分析

为了研究黑潮海表温度的时间变化特征,以预测黑潮海表温度变化趋势,本文利用哈德莱中心1941—2009年海表温度资料定义了一个黑潮温度指数KI,来表征吐噶喇海峡以东黑潮及其延伸区的海温变化.由小波分析得到,KI具有准3、7年的年际振荡特征和准20年的年代际变化特征,此外KI还具有明显的季节锁相特征.KI与太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)及厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)有很好的滞后相关性.通过美国国家环境预报中心/大气研究中心再分析资料合成分析发现KI为正异常时,赤道东太平洋海温异常变暖(即厄尔尼诺发生),哈德莱环流加强,使得西风动量的输送增强,造成阿留申低压加深(PDO为暖相),进而冷却黑潮延伸区的海表温度并使黑潮延伸区向东延伸,这一"ENSO-PDO-黑潮海温变化"的过程具有滞后性,从而使得ENSO指数、PDO指数可以作为黑潮温度变化的前兆因子,对于预测黑潮海温变化及周边气候均具有一定的意义.

Supersonic flow of a Chaplygin gas past a delta wing

We consider the problem of supersonic flow of a Chaplygin gas past a delta wing with a shock or a rarefaction wave attached to the leading edges.The flow under study is described by the three-dimensional steady Euler system.In conical coordinates,this problem can be reformulated as a boundary value problem for a nonlinear equation of mixed type.The type of this equation depends fully on the solutions of the problem itself,and thus it cannot be determined in advance.We overcome the difficulty by establishing a crucial Lipschitz estimate,and finally prove the unique existence of the solution via the method of continuity.

锥形坐标系中3维定常位势流方程的椭圆性原理

本文研究状态方程满足p′(ρ)=ρ^(γ-1)的3维定常可压缩位势流方程,其中p和ρ分别表示压强和密度,γ≥-1是一个已知常数.在锥形坐标系中,位势流方程是一个典型的混合型方程,其类型可由一个拟Mach数L决定:方程是椭圆型的当且仅当L<1,是双曲型的当且仅当L>1.本文首先证明一个椭圆性原理:当γ≥-1时,此方程在抛物-椭圆区域的内部是椭圆型的.特别地,当γ>-1时,可找到一个与区域无关的函数δ0>0使得L≤1-δ0.然后利用该椭圆性原理,可以更进一步地说明,当γ≥-1时,此方程在严格远离退化边界的任一子区域上是一致椭圆型的.