VLBI with SKA:Possible Arrays and Astrometric Science

The next generation of very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)is stepping into the era of microarcsecond(μas)astronomy,and pushing astronomy,especially astrometry,to new heights.VLBI with the Square Kilometre Array(SKA),SKA-VLBI,will increase current sensitivity by an order of magnitude,and reach astrometric precision routinely below 10μas,even challenging 1μas.This advancement allows precise parallax and proper motion measurements of various celestial objects.Such improvements can be used to study objects(including isolated objects,and binary or multiple systems)in different stellar stages(such as star formation,main-sequence stars,asymptotic giant branch stars,pulsars,black holes,white dwarfs,etc.),unveil the structure and evolution of complex systems(such as the Milky Way),benchmark the international celestial reference frame,and reveal cosmic expansion.Furthermore,the theory of general relativity can also be tested with SKA-VLBI using precise measurements of light deflection under the gravitational fields of different solar system objects and the perihelion precession of solar system objects.

Remodel the perifollicular microenvironment via Minoxidil-loaded microneedle patch and cold atmospheric plasma for treating androgenetic alopecia

Androgenetic alopecia(AGA)is a chronic and progressive form of hair loss characterized by vascular degeneration in the perifollicular microenvironment,leading to cell apoptosis and eventual loss of hair follicles(HFs).Traditional therapeutic formulations,such as Minoxidil(MXD)tincture,have limitations in reshaping the perifollicular microenvironment and exhibit limited effectiveness.Here,we report a multi-synergistic therapeutic platform for high-performance hair regeneration therapy.The platform combines microneedle(MN)patches loaded with MXD-encapsulated nanostructured lipid carriers(MXD-NLC-MNs)and cold atmospheric plasma(CAP).The MNs’mechanical strength enables efficient transdermal delivery of MXD to the targeted dermal papilla cells,promoting cell proliferation.Furthermore,in collaboration with MXD,the mechanical stimulation exerted by MN application synergistically upregulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor,leading to neoangiogenesis.Meanwhile,the transient microchannels in the skin created by MNs facilitate the transdermal delivery of CAPgenerated nitric oxide(NO)to the sites of HF lesions,whereby the synergistic interaction between MXD and NO boosts perifollicular vasodilation.Consequently,the perifollicular microenvironment can be effectively reshaped to accelerate hair regeneration in AGA murine models.This multi-synergistic combination therapy strategy would hold great promise for effectively treating AGA and promoting hair regrowth.