With the continuous in-depth study of the interaction mechanism between viruses and hosts,the virus has become a promising tool in cancer treatment.In fact,many oncolytic viruses with selectivity and effectiveness hav...With the continuous in-depth study of the interaction mechanism between viruses and hosts,the virus has become a promising tool in cancer treatment.In fact,many oncolytic viruses with selectivity and effectiveness have been used in cancer therapy.Human enterovirus is one of the most convenient sources to generate oncolytic viruses,however,the high seroprevalence of some enteroviruses limits its application which urges to exploit more oncolytic enteroviruses.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the limbs, but the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. 78 T cells, a T-cell subpopulation, are characterized by multiple biological functions and ...Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the limbs, but the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. 78 T cells, a T-cell subpopulation, are characterized by multiple biological functions and associated with a variety of diseases. This study investigated the antigen-presenting effects of γδ2 cells and their relationship with rheumatoid arthritis development. We found that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells （the predominant subtype of γδ T cells in peripheral blood） were activated by isopentenyl pyrophosphate to continuously proliferate and differentiate into effector memory cells. The effector memory Vγ9Vδ2 T cells exhibited phenotypic characteristics of specific antigen-presenting cells, including high HLA-DR and CD80/86 expression. These Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could present soluble antigens and synthetic peptides to CD4＋ T cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with different phenotypes showed different cytokine secretion patterns. Effector memoryVγ9Vδ2 T cells simultaneously secreted not only interferon （IFN）-γbut also IL-17. The peripheral blood and joint synovial fluid from RA patients contained numerous heterogeneous γδ T cells that were predominantly effector memory Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with the ability to secrete inflammatory factors. We also found that γδ T cells had a similar antigen-presenting capability to B cells. These results suggest that during the development of rheumatoid arthritis, 78 T cells can aggravate immune dysfunction and produce abnormal immune damage by secreting cytokines and inducing inflammatory cells to participate in synergistic inflammatory responses. Furthermore, γδ T cells can behave similarly to B cells to present viral peptides and autoantigen peptides to CD4＋ T cells, thus sustaining CD4＋ T-cell activation.展开更多
文摘With the continuous in-depth study of the interaction mechanism between viruses and hosts,the virus has become a promising tool in cancer treatment.In fact,many oncolytic viruses with selectivity and effectiveness have been used in cancer therapy.Human enterovirus is one of the most convenient sources to generate oncolytic viruses,however,the high seroprevalence of some enteroviruses limits its application which urges to exploit more oncolytic enteroviruses.
基金ACKNOWLEGEMENTS This work was supported by the grants from the following： National Natural Science Foundation of China （no. 30471593, 30872304 and 81072470）, Shanghai Commission of Science and Technology （no. 10IC14 08500 and 10ZR1426100）, Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline-Surgery （no. $30204- K01）, Shanghai Municipal education Commission （no. 150207 and 09YZ102）, Shanghai Institute of Immunology （no. 08-A04）, Clinical Medicine Technology Development Foundation of Jiangsu University （no. ILY2010091） and Foundation of Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital （no. 2011XHCH07）.
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the limbs, but the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. 78 T cells, a T-cell subpopulation, are characterized by multiple biological functions and associated with a variety of diseases. This study investigated the antigen-presenting effects of γδ2 cells and their relationship with rheumatoid arthritis development. We found that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells （the predominant subtype of γδ T cells in peripheral blood） were activated by isopentenyl pyrophosphate to continuously proliferate and differentiate into effector memory cells. The effector memory Vγ9Vδ2 T cells exhibited phenotypic characteristics of specific antigen-presenting cells, including high HLA-DR and CD80/86 expression. These Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could present soluble antigens and synthetic peptides to CD4＋ T cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with different phenotypes showed different cytokine secretion patterns. Effector memoryVγ9Vδ2 T cells simultaneously secreted not only interferon （IFN）-γbut also IL-17. The peripheral blood and joint synovial fluid from RA patients contained numerous heterogeneous γδ T cells that were predominantly effector memory Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with the ability to secrete inflammatory factors. We also found that γδ T cells had a similar antigen-presenting capability to B cells. These results suggest that during the development of rheumatoid arthritis, 78 T cells can aggravate immune dysfunction and produce abnormal immune damage by secreting cytokines and inducing inflammatory cells to participate in synergistic inflammatory responses. Furthermore, γδ T cells can behave similarly to B cells to present viral peptides and autoantigen peptides to CD4＋ T cells, thus sustaining CD4＋ T-cell activation.
