Study on the Supply Efficiency of Rural Public Service in China Based on Three-stage DEA Model

Improving the supply efficiency of rural public service is an important way to solve the severe shortage of rural public service. In this article,we use three-stage DEA model to carry out empirical research of the supply efficiency of rural public service in 31 provinces and regions of China. The results show that if without control over exogenous environment variables and random brunt,the classic DEA method will overestimate the rural public service efficiency; after controlling the impact of the external environmental factors,the mean of supply efficiency of rural public service in 31 provinces and regions of China is 0. 697; the improved rural per capita income,population density,population size and the educational level of residents,is a significantly favorable factor for enhancing the supply efficiency of rural public service,while the increase in the proportion of fiscal spending on rural public service to GDP plays no significant role in improving the rural public service efficiency; according to their efficiency type,the provinces and regions should adopt some measures,such as improving the management level or expanding the supply scale,to improve the supply efficiency.

Zebrafish ppp1r21 mutant as a model for the study of primary biliary cholangitis

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease that progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis, resulting from the gradual destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. Exploring genetic variants associated with PBC is essential to understand the pathogenesis of PBC. Here we identify a zebrafish balloon dog (blg) mutant with intrahepatic bile duct branching defects, exhibiting several key pathological PBC-like features, including immunodominant autoantigen PDC-E2 production, cholangiocyte apoptosis, immune cell infiltration, inflammatory activation, and liver fibrosis. blg encodes the protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 21 (Ppp1r21), which is enriched in the liver and its peripheral tissues and plays a vital role in the early intrahepatic bile duct formation stage. Further studies show an excessive activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the hepatic tissues in the mutant, while treatment with the pathway inhibitor LY294002 and rapamycin partially rescues intrahepatic bile duct branching defects and alleviates the PBC-like symptoms. These findings implicate the potential role of the Ppp1r21-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the pathophysiology of PBC.

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in trophoblasts and deciduas in early medical abortion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in trophoblasts and deciduas in early medical abortion,and study the relationship of medical abortion through mifepristone and iNOS in early pregnancy.Expression of iNOS in trophoblasts and deciduas was detected by both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical assay in 40 patients(experimental group);the positive expression of iNOS was represented by number density(N/S)and positive unit(Pu)using computer color magic image analysis system(CMIAS).All results were compared with those obtained from vacuum aspiration.In the experi-mental group,N/S and Pu in trophoblasts were 0.120�0.010 and 15.3�2.6,respectively,while in the control group,they were 0.021�0.003 and 3.1�0.5,respectively,and there were significant differences between the two groups.By immunohistochemical assay,N/S and Pu were 0.090�0.010,10.24�1.55 vs 0.016�0.002,1.26�0.33 in the trophoblasts of the two groups;there were also significant differences between the two groups.There were lower iNOS expression in deciduas by in situ hybridization and immunohistochem-ical assay,and the difference between the two groups was not significant.It was concluded that mifepristone induced medical abortion through the expression of iNOS in trophoblasts but not in deciduas.