目的采用汶川大地震后一组伤员救治医疗数据,以偏最小二乘(partial least square,PLS)算法为核心,探讨影响因素并构建一种新的大规模突发公共卫生事件创伤救治预后预测模型。方法以四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院2008年5月收治的地震...目的采用汶川大地震后一组伤员救治医疗数据,以偏最小二乘(partial least square,PLS)算法为核心,探讨影响因素并构建一种新的大规模突发公共卫生事件创伤救治预后预测模型。方法以四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院2008年5月收治的地震伤员数据库作为建模资料来源作为训练集,建模过程包括成分提取和建立回归方程,模型优度判别采用交叉检验。运算平台采用EXCEL和Matlab软件。结果通过相关性分析得到9个因素的相关性,VIP值得到5个影响结局的重要因素,并建立了大规模突发公共卫生事件创伤救治预后预测模型。结论本研究构建的以PLS算法为基础的模型,能可靠的帮助筛选大规模公共卫生事件中创伤患者预后预测的关键性影响因素以及综合评价指标。展开更多
Trauma is a major health and social problem in the US and China, It constitutes the main cause of death in people aged 45 or under in both countries112]. There is clear evidence from clinical studies that a large perc...Trauma is a major health and social problem in the US and China, It constitutes the main cause of death in people aged 45 or under in both countries112]. There is clear evidence from clinical studies that a large percentage of these deaths are needless and preventable if better treatment and prevention programs are available12-3].展开更多
目的本研究旨在系统评价基于既往冠状病毒肺炎的研究,进而探索洛匹那韦/利托那韦(LPV/r)用于2019新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床可行性。方法在计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wangfang Da...目的本研究旨在系统评价基于既往冠状病毒肺炎的研究,进而探索洛匹那韦/利托那韦(LPV/r)用于2019新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床可行性。方法在计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wangfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE等数据库检索相关研究。此外,检索中文医药类报刊、WHO以及美国和中国CDC网站、已发表文献的相关参考文献等作为辅助。检索时间范围为2003年1月到2020年1月24日。研究纳入标准:研究纳入标准:(1)研究为比较洛匹那韦/利托那韦与安慰剂/标准治疗方案用于严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)、中东综合征(MERS)患者;(2)临床结局进行评价临床队列研究和病例-对照研究;(3)诊断根据WHO公布的确诊或疑似SARS或MERS病例的诊断标准,但不排除流行初期诊断为感染的病例;(4)对同一研究多次发表的报告,我们从提供最详细信息的报告中提取资料;(5)指南性文件,包括:临床指南、国家级学会/团体的专家共识。排除标准:(1)仅有摘要无全文的文献资料以及数据不完整无法利用的文献;(2)离体细胞试验。两名评价员独立提取研究设计、对象及诊断标准、干预方案、结局(包括死亡、并发症、症状、生活质量、激素的使用、胸部影像及药物不良反应)等资料进行统计分析。结果通过文献检索,发现潜在相关文章230篇,初筛后获得44篇文章,最终纳入4个研究。结果提示LPV/r的药物方案的早期应用能够降低SARA患者病死率,减少糖皮质激素用量,对控制患者治疗后期并发症具有重要意义。结论LPV/r可以作为一种试验性疗法用于2019-nCoV肺炎(尤其是新发感染者)的抗病毒治疗,并应该为此尽快开展真实世界临床研究,进一步探索LPV/r早期用于2019-nCoV新型肺炎的临床效应。展开更多
There is little research that focuses on the relationship between the gut,metabolism,nutritional support and COVID-19.As a group of Chinese physicians,nutritionists and scientists working on the frontline treating COV...There is little research that focuses on the relationship between the gut,metabolism,nutritional support and COVID-19.As a group of Chinese physicians,nutritionists and scientists working on the frontline treating COVID-19 patients,we aim to integrate our experiences and the current clinical evidence to address this pressing issue in this article.Based on our clinical observations and available evidence,we recommend the following practice.Firstly,the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 tool should be used routinely and periodically;for patients with a score≥3,oral nutritional supplements should be given immediately.Secondly,for patients receiving the antiviral agents lopinavir/ritonavir,gastrointestinal side effects should be monitored for and timely intervention provided.Thirdly,for feeding,the enteral route should be the first choice.In patients undergoing mechanical ventilation,establishing a jejunal route as early as possible can guarantee the feeding target being achieved if gastric dilatation occurs.Fourthly,we suggest a permissive underfeeding strategy for severe/critical patients admitted to the intensive care unit during the first week of admission,with the energy target no more than 20 kcal/kg/day(for those on mechanical ventilation,this target may be lowered to 10–15 kcal/kg/day)and the protein target around 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day.If the inflammatory condition is significantly alleviated,the energy target may be gradually increased to 25–30 kcal/kg/day and the protein target to 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day.Fifthly,supplemental parenteral nutrition should be used with caution.Lastly,omega-3 fatty acids may be used as immunoregulators,intravenous administration of omega-3 fatty emulsion(10 g/day)at an early stage may help to reduce the inflammatory reaction.展开更多
文摘目的采用汶川大地震后一组伤员救治医疗数据,以偏最小二乘(partial least square,PLS)算法为核心,探讨影响因素并构建一种新的大规模突发公共卫生事件创伤救治预后预测模型。方法以四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院2008年5月收治的地震伤员数据库作为建模资料来源作为训练集,建模过程包括成分提取和建立回归方程,模型优度判别采用交叉检验。运算平台采用EXCEL和Matlab软件。结果通过相关性分析得到9个因素的相关性,VIP值得到5个影响结局的重要因素,并建立了大规模突发公共卫生事件创伤救治预后预测模型。结论本研究构建的以PLS算法为基础的模型,能可靠的帮助筛选大规模公共卫生事件中创伤患者预后预测的关键性影响因素以及综合评价指标。
基金supported by grants from Sichuan Department of Science and Technology(No.2011SZ0139,2011SZ0336,2012SZ0181)Chengdu Municipality of Bureau of Science and Technology(No.11PPYB099SF-289,12PPYB181SF-002)grants from Sichuan Department of Health(No.100552 and No.100553)
文摘Trauma is a major health and social problem in the US and China, It constitutes the main cause of death in people aged 45 or under in both countries112]. There is clear evidence from clinical studies that a large percentage of these deaths are needless and preventable if better treatment and prevention programs are available12-3].
文摘目的本研究旨在系统评价基于既往冠状病毒肺炎的研究,进而探索洛匹那韦/利托那韦(LPV/r)用于2019新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床可行性。方法在计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wangfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE等数据库检索相关研究。此外,检索中文医药类报刊、WHO以及美国和中国CDC网站、已发表文献的相关参考文献等作为辅助。检索时间范围为2003年1月到2020年1月24日。研究纳入标准:研究纳入标准:(1)研究为比较洛匹那韦/利托那韦与安慰剂/标准治疗方案用于严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)、中东综合征(MERS)患者;(2)临床结局进行评价临床队列研究和病例-对照研究;(3)诊断根据WHO公布的确诊或疑似SARS或MERS病例的诊断标准,但不排除流行初期诊断为感染的病例;(4)对同一研究多次发表的报告,我们从提供最详细信息的报告中提取资料;(5)指南性文件,包括:临床指南、国家级学会/团体的专家共识。排除标准:(1)仅有摘要无全文的文献资料以及数据不完整无法利用的文献;(2)离体细胞试验。两名评价员独立提取研究设计、对象及诊断标准、干预方案、结局(包括死亡、并发症、症状、生活质量、激素的使用、胸部影像及药物不良反应)等资料进行统计分析。结果通过文献检索,发现潜在相关文章230篇,初筛后获得44篇文章,最终纳入4个研究。结果提示LPV/r的药物方案的早期应用能够降低SARA患者病死率,减少糖皮质激素用量,对控制患者治疗后期并发症具有重要意义。结论LPV/r可以作为一种试验性疗法用于2019-nCoV肺炎(尤其是新发感染者)的抗病毒治疗,并应该为此尽快开展真实世界临床研究,进一步探索LPV/r早期用于2019-nCoV新型肺炎的临床效应。
文摘目的禽流感疫情的爆发和传播受到多种自然因素的影响。今欲尝试将地理信息系统与基因进化树分析相结合，以建立一种基于基因序列变异追踪中国禽流感病毒地理传播的技术。方法禽流感病毒基因来源于美国国立医学图书馆（National Library for Medicine，NLM）数据库，所获得的基因组数据利用E—Utilities软件包转化为结构体后，可用Matlab软件阅读。结构体主要字段包括PB2、PBl、PA、HA、NP、HA、M1和NSl8个片段，分别代表流感病毒的8个不同的基因片段。基于结构体字段，利用计算生物学的方法比较不同传播能力禽流感病毒的同义突变／非同义突变基因（Ka／Ks）比例，确定不同选择压力之下A型禽流感病毒的基因突变模式。进而选择Ka／Ks比例最大的基因片段，采用Jukes—Cantor算法估计氨基酸序列变异的进化距离，然后对不同爆发点的H5N1型禽流感进行进化树聚类。将聚类信息输入Google Earth，并利用不同图层地理信息对影响爆发点分布的因素做单因素分析。结果比较分析A型禽流感所有的8个基因序列可以看出，NSl、HA和NA蛋白的Ka／Ks比值较大。三者中，HA基因的Ka／Ks比值最大，可以代表病毒的传播能力。利用分级聚类的思路对HA基因转录的氨基酸相似程度进行比较，发现自2003年以来亚洲地区爆发的H5N1型禽流感之间的关系可以表示为一个由30个节点构成的进化树，其中14个节点为分支节点，16个节点为叶子结点。把分支树的前三个节点作为分类标准，可以把所有16个病毒株分为四类。这四类病毒在地理空间的分布呈现一定规律。计算发现禽流感爆发相关地理因素排序分别为：内陆水体〉主要铁路交通线〉家禽密度。结论对中国HSNl病毒株基因序列变异的地理分布分析显示，禽流感病毒爆发与候鸟迁徙、家禽运输密切相关。
基金supported by the Joint Program for Fighting COVID-19,from the Sichuan Department of Science and Technology(grant number:2020YFS0006,to HJ)funding to the Sichuan Provincial Research Center for Emergency Medicine and Critical Illness,also from the Sichuan Department of Science and Technology(grant number:2019YFS0534,to JZ)supported by the Health Commission of Sichuan Province(grant number:20ZDCX002).
文摘There is little research that focuses on the relationship between the gut,metabolism,nutritional support and COVID-19.As a group of Chinese physicians,nutritionists and scientists working on the frontline treating COVID-19 patients,we aim to integrate our experiences and the current clinical evidence to address this pressing issue in this article.Based on our clinical observations and available evidence,we recommend the following practice.Firstly,the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 tool should be used routinely and periodically;for patients with a score≥3,oral nutritional supplements should be given immediately.Secondly,for patients receiving the antiviral agents lopinavir/ritonavir,gastrointestinal side effects should be monitored for and timely intervention provided.Thirdly,for feeding,the enteral route should be the first choice.In patients undergoing mechanical ventilation,establishing a jejunal route as early as possible can guarantee the feeding target being achieved if gastric dilatation occurs.Fourthly,we suggest a permissive underfeeding strategy for severe/critical patients admitted to the intensive care unit during the first week of admission,with the energy target no more than 20 kcal/kg/day(for those on mechanical ventilation,this target may be lowered to 10–15 kcal/kg/day)and the protein target around 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day.If the inflammatory condition is significantly alleviated,the energy target may be gradually increased to 25–30 kcal/kg/day and the protein target to 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day.Fifthly,supplemental parenteral nutrition should be used with caution.Lastly,omega-3 fatty acids may be used as immunoregulators,intravenous administration of omega-3 fatty emulsion(10 g/day)at an early stage may help to reduce the inflammatory reaction.
