During the Wenchuan Fault Scientific Drilling Project,we determined the values of total mercury(HgT)and gaseous elemental mercury(GEM) from drilled cores and drilling mud,respectively.Geochemical analysis shows HgT va...During the Wenchuan Fault Scientific Drilling Project,we determined the values of total mercury(HgT)and gaseous elemental mercury(GEM) from drilled cores and drilling mud,respectively.Geochemical analysis shows HgT values ranging from 0.24 to 6.45 ng/g for the Penguan complex and from 2.90 to 137.54 ng/g for T3 sediment.The average levels of HgT for the Penguan complex and T3 sediments are 1.81 ± 0.26 ng/g and23.96 ± 4.80 ng/g,respectively.Major anomalous peaks of HgT appear at depth of 614,731,993 and 1,107 m,which correspond to the long-term high seismic activity during crustal deformation in response to tectonic stresses.Gaseous elemental mercury dissolved in drilling mud was also analyzed.We found fluid inflow zones with high GEM at depths of 590-750 m,suggesting that fluid-filled ruptures exist in the LMS fault zone.It indicates that mercury provides geochemical evidence for inflow zones and ruptures/fault zones in the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake fault.展开更多
On the basis of investigations on the composition and contents of heavy metals in the domestic refuse in the Three-Gorges region of the Yangtze River, in combination with the experimental results, this paper deals wit...On the basis of investigations on the composition and contents of heavy metals in the domestic refuse in the Three-Gorges region of the Yangtze River, in combination with the experimental results, this paper deals with the distribution rule of heavy metals in the various compartments of an incineration system:leachate pool, fly ash and residue. It is concluded that in the leachate pool heavy metals should not be neglectable since about 30% of Pb and 10% of Cr are leached here; in the incineration system, above 74% of Cr, As and Pb exists in residue; above 96% of Hg exists in fly ash and the contents of Cd in fly ash are close to those of residue. It is also concluded that the physical conditions of incineration have a significant influence on the distribution of heavy metals in the incineration system.展开更多
Chromium pollution were investigated by sampling the abandoned chromium contaminated sites in Chongqing. Its health risk was assessed following the procedures made by USEPA. The results showed that the most seriously ...Chromium pollution were investigated by sampling the abandoned chromium contaminated sites in Chongqing. Its health risk was assessed following the procedures made by USEPA. The results showed that the most seriously polluted land was found at the former production area(G4) with average Cr(VI) concentration of 3369.2 mg·kg-1 on the surface soil. The assessment indicated that there was high risk of non-carcinogens for children. The assessed risk of the first layer of office area(G1) for children, chromium slag transition(G2), drainage pipeline chromium slag transition(G3) and production area(G4) for both children and adults were not acceptable(>1.00×10-6). It was strongly suggested that the accessible measures of remediation should be taken for a portion of contaminated sites before the reuse of abandoned lands.展开更多
文摘为研究好氧颗粒污泥技术是否适用于处理乡镇污水,采用该技术对处理规模为400 m^3d的乡镇污水处理厂进行改造,考察了污泥颗粒化过程、污染物去除效果及接种絮状污泥与好氧颗粒污泥微生物群落结构差异.结果表明,以进料负荷的交替变化作为调控措施,反应器启动后第13天污泥出现颗粒化,颗粒污泥平均粒径0.499 mm;启动第40天污泥完全颗粒化,颗粒污泥平均粒径1.336 mm.完全颗粒化后SBR反应器内ρ(MLSS)稳定在8~12 gL,SVI维持在25~40 m Lg,出水ρ(COD_(Cr))、ρ(NH_3-N)、ρ(TN)始终满足GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准要求.群落结构的研究结果表明,相比于接种絮状污泥,好氧颗粒污泥群落丰富度和多样性均明显减少,反硝化功能菌和聚磷菌丰度显著增加;在好氧颗粒污泥中,Nitrosomonas(亚硝化单胞菌属)、Nitrospira(硝化螺旋菌属)是主要的硝化功能菌;Dechloromonas、Clostridium sensu stricto 13(梭菌属)是主要的反硝化细菌;Aeromonas(气单胞菌属)、Clostridium sensu stricto 13(梭菌属)是主要的聚磷菌;Uncultured Xanthomonadaceae、Comamonas(丛毛单胞菌属)、Zoogloea(动胶菌属)是降解有机物的主要菌种,其中Comamonas(丛毛单胞菌属)、Zoogloea(动胶菌属)也是好氧污泥颗粒化过程中的关键菌株.
基金sponsored by the Wenchuan Fault Scientific Drilling Project(WFSD)
文摘During the Wenchuan Fault Scientific Drilling Project,we determined the values of total mercury(HgT)and gaseous elemental mercury(GEM) from drilled cores and drilling mud,respectively.Geochemical analysis shows HgT values ranging from 0.24 to 6.45 ng/g for the Penguan complex and from 2.90 to 137.54 ng/g for T3 sediment.The average levels of HgT for the Penguan complex and T3 sediments are 1.81 ± 0.26 ng/g and23.96 ± 4.80 ng/g,respectively.Major anomalous peaks of HgT appear at depth of 614,731,993 and 1,107 m,which correspond to the long-term high seismic activity during crustal deformation in response to tectonic stresses.Gaseous elemental mercury dissolved in drilling mud was also analyzed.We found fluid inflow zones with high GEM at depths of 590-750 m,suggesting that fluid-filled ruptures exist in the LMS fault zone.It indicates that mercury provides geochemical evidence for inflow zones and ruptures/fault zones in the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake fault.
文摘On the basis of investigations on the composition and contents of heavy metals in the domestic refuse in the Three-Gorges region of the Yangtze River, in combination with the experimental results, this paper deals with the distribution rule of heavy metals in the various compartments of an incineration system:leachate pool, fly ash and residue. It is concluded that in the leachate pool heavy metals should not be neglectable since about 30% of Pb and 10% of Cr are leached here; in the incineration system, above 74% of Cr, As and Pb exists in residue; above 96% of Hg exists in fly ash and the contents of Cd in fly ash are close to those of residue. It is also concluded that the physical conditions of incineration have a significant influence on the distribution of heavy metals in the incineration system.
基金financially supported by National Major Project on Science and Technology of Water Body Pollution Control and Management (2009ZX07104-001)
文摘Chromium pollution were investigated by sampling the abandoned chromium contaminated sites in Chongqing. Its health risk was assessed following the procedures made by USEPA. The results showed that the most seriously polluted land was found at the former production area(G4) with average Cr(VI) concentration of 3369.2 mg·kg-1 on the surface soil. The assessment indicated that there was high risk of non-carcinogens for children. The assessed risk of the first layer of office area(G1) for children, chromium slag transition(G2), drainage pipeline chromium slag transition(G3) and production area(G4) for both children and adults were not acceptable(>1.00×10-6). It was strongly suggested that the accessible measures of remediation should be taken for a portion of contaminated sites before the reuse of abandoned lands.
